https://github.com/cthoyt/semantic-python-overview
(subjective) overview of projects which are related both to python and semantic technologies (RDF, OWL, Reasoning, ...)
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(subjective) overview of projects which are related both to python and semantic technologies (RDF, OWL, Reasoning, ...)
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# Semantic Python Overview
This repository aims to collect and curate a list of projects which are related both to python and semantic technologies (RDF, OWL, SPARQL, Reasoning, ...). It is inspired by collections like [awesome lists](https://github.com/sindresorhus/awesome#readme). The list might be incomplete and biased, due to the limited knowledge of its authors. Improvements are very welcome. Feel free to file an issue or a pull request. Every section is alphabetically sorted.
Furthermore, this repository might serve as a **cristallization point for a community** interested in such projects and how they might productively interact. See [this discussion](https://github.com/cknoll/semantic-python-overview/discussions/1) for more information.
## Established Projects
- [brickschema](https://github.com/BrickSchema/py-brickschema) Brick Ontology Python package
- Brick is an open-source effort to standardize semantic descriptions of the physical, logical and virtual assets in buildings and the relationships between them.
- docs: https://brickschema.readthedocs.io/en/latest/
- website: https://brickschema.org/
- features:
- basic inference with different reasoners
- web based interaction (by means of [Yasgui](https://github.com/TriplyDB/Yasgui))
- Translations from different formats (Haystack, VBIS)
- [Cooking with Python and KBpedia](https://www.mkbergman.com/cooking-with-python-and-kbpedia/)
- Tutorial series on "how to pick tools and then use Python for using and manipulating the KBpedia knowledge graph"
- [Material in form of Jupyter Notebooks](https://github.com/Cognonto/CWPK),
- accompanying python package [cowpoke](https://github.com/Cognonto/cowpoke),
- [Eddy](https://github.com/obdasystems/eddy) - graphical ontology editor
- website: https://www.obdasystems.com/eddy
- features:
- graphical ontology editing
- uses bespoke Graphol format but has an OWL2 export
- visualization built on PyQt5
- literature references:
- [*Lembo, D and Pantaleone, D and Santarelli, V and Savo, DF: **Eddy: A Graphical Editor for OWL 2 Ontologies**. IJCAI 2016; 4252-4253*](https://cs.unibg.it/savo/papers/LPSS-IJCAI-16.pdf)
- [fastobo-py](https://github.com/fastobo/fastobo-py): Python bindings for *fastobo* (rust library to parse OBO 1.4)
- features:
- load, edit and serialize ontologies in the OBO 1.4 format
- [FunOwl](https://github.com/hsolbrig/funowl) functional OWL syntax for Python
- features:
- provide a pythonic API that follows the OWL functional model for constructing OWL
- [gizmos](https://github.com/ontodev/gizmos) Utilities for ontology development
- features:
- modules for "export", "extract", "tree"-rendering
- [Jabberwocky](https://github.com/sap218/jabberwocky) a toolkit for ontologies
- features:
- associated text mining using an ontology terms & synonyms
- tf-idf for synonym curation then adding those synonyms into an ontology
- [LinkML](https://github.com/linkml/linkml) Linked Open Data Modeling Language
- features:
- A high level simple way of specifying data models, optionally enhanced with semantic annotations
- A python framework for compiling these data models to json-ld, json-schema, shex, shacl, owl, sql-ddl
- A python framework for data conversion and validation, as well as generated Python dataclasses
- [Macleod](https://github.com/thahmann/macleod) Ontology development environment for Common Logic (CL)
- features:
- Translating a CLIF file to formats supported by FOL reasoners
- Extracting an OWL approximation of a CLIF ontology
- Verifying (non-trivial) logical consistency of a CLIF ontology
- Proving theorems/lemmas, such as properties of concepts and relations or competency questions
- GUI (alpha state)
- [Morph-KGC](https://github.com/oeg-upm/morph-kgc) Engine to create RDF knowledge graphs from heterogeneous sources with R2RML and RML
- docs: https://github.com/oeg-upm/Morph-KGC/wiki
- features:
- support for relational databases, tabular files (e.g. CSV, Excel, Parquet) and hierarchical files (XML and JSON)
- generates the RDF by running the engine through command line
- can be used as a library to load the RDF knowledge graph to RDFlib
- [OntoPilot](https://github.com/stuckyb/ontopilot) software for ontology development and deployment
- docs: https://github.com/stuckyb/ontopilot/wiki
- features:
- support end users in ontology development, documentation and maintainance
- convert spreadsheet data (one entity per row) to owl files
- call a reasoner before triple-store insertion
- [ontospy](https://github.com/lambdamusic/Ontospy) Python library and command-line interface for inspecting and visualizing RDF models
- docs: http://lambdamusic.github.io/Ontospy/
- features:
- extract and print out any ontology-related information
- convert different OWL syntax variants
- generate html documentation for an ontology
- [ontor](https://github.com/felixocker/ontor) Python library for manipulating and vizualizing OWL ontologies in Python
- features:
- tool set based on owlready2 and networkx
- [owlready2](https://bitbucket.org/jibalamy/owlready2/src/master/README.rst) ontology oriented programming in Python
- docs: https://owlready2.readthedocs.io/en/latest/index.html
- features:
- parse owl files (RDF/XML or OWL/XML)
- parse SWRL rules
- call reasoner (via java)
- literature references:
- [*Lamy, JB: Owlready: **Ontology-oriented programming in Python with automatic classification and high level constructs for biomedical ontologies**. Artificial Intelligence In Medicine 2017;80:11-28*](http://www.lesfleursdunormal.fr/_downloads/article_owlready_aim_2017.pdf)
- [*Lamy, JB: **Ontologies with Python**, Apress, 2020*](https://www.apress.com/fr/book/9781484265512)
- accompanying material:
- [Oxrdflib](https://github.com/oxigraph/oxrdflib) Oxrdflib provides rdflib stores using pyoxigraph (rust-based)
- could be used as drop-in replacements of the rdflib default ones
- [pronto](https://github.com/althonos/pronto): library to parse, browse, create, and export ontologies
- features:
-supports several ontology languages and formats
- docs: https://pronto.readthedocs.io/en/latest/api.html
- [PyFuseki](https://github.com/yubinCloud/pyfuseki) Library that interact with Jena Fuseki (SPARQL server):
- docs: https://yubincloud.github.io/pyfuseki/
- [Pyoxigraph](https://oxigraph.org/pyoxigraph/stable/index.html) Python graph database library implementing the SPARQL standard.
- built on top of [Oxigraph](https://github.com/oxigraph/oxigraph) using [PyO3](https://pyo3.rs/)
- docs: https://oxigraph.org/pyoxigraph/stable/index.html
- two stores with SPARQL 1.1 capabilities. in-memory/disk based
- [PyRes](https://github.com/eprover/PyRes)
- resolution-based theorem provers for first-order logic
- focus on good comprehensibility of the code
- Literature: [Teaching Automated Theorem Proving by Example](https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-030-51054-1_9)
- [Quit Store](https://github.com/AKSW/QuitStore) workspace for distributed collaborative Linked Data knowledge engineering ("Quads in Git")
- features:
- read and write RDF Datasets
- create multiple branches of the Dataset
- literature references:
- [*Decentralized Collaborative Knowledge Management using Git*](https://natanael.arndt.xyz/bib/arndt-n-2018--jws)
by Natanael Arndt, Patrick Naumann, Norman Radtke, Michael Martin, and Edgard Marx in Journal of Web Semantics, 2018
[[@sciencedirect](https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1570826818300416)] [[@arXiv](https://arxiv.org/abs/1805.03721)]
- [RaiseWikibase](https://github.com/UB-Mannheim/RaiseWikibase) A tool for speeding up multilingual knowledge graph construction with Wikibase
- fast inserts into a Wikibase instance: creates up to a million entities and wikitexts per hour
- docs: https://ub-mannheim.github.io/RaiseWikibase/
- ships with `docker-compose.yml` for Wikibase (Database, PHP-code)
- publication: https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007%2F978-3-030-80418-3_11
- [Reasonable](https://github.com/gtfierro/reasonable) An OWL 2 RL reasoner with reasonable performance
- written in Rust with Python-Bindings (via [pyo3](https://pyo3.rs/))
- [rdflib](https://github.com/RDFLib/rdflib) Python package for working with RDF
- docs: https://rdflib.readthedocs.io/
- graphical package overview: https://rdflib.dev/
- features:
- parsers and serializers for RDF/XML, NTriples, Turtle and more
- a graph interface which can be backed by any one of a number of store implementations
- store implementations for in-memory storage and persistent storage
- a SPARQL 1.1 implementation supporting SPARQL 1.1 Queries and Update statements
- [SPARQL kernel](https://github.com/paulovn/sparql-kernel) for Jupyter
- features:
- sending queries to an SPARQL endpoint
- fetching and presenting the results in a notebook
- [WikidataIntegrator](https://github.com/SuLab/WikidataIntegrator) Library for reading and writing to Wikidata/Wikibase
- features:
- high integration with the Wikidata SPARQL endpoint
## Probably Stalled or Outdated Projects
- [Athene](https://github.com/dityas/Athene) DL reasoner in pure python
- "[C]urrent version is a beta and only supports ALC. But it can easily be extended by adding tableau rules."
- Last update: 2017
- [cwm](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cwm_(software))
- Self description: "\[cwm is a\] forward chaining semantic reasoner that can be used for querying, checking, transforming and filtering information".
- Created in 2000 by Tim Berners-Lee and Dan Connolly, see [w3.org](https://www.w3.org/2000/10/swap/doc/cwm)
- [air-reasoner](https://github.com/mit-dig/air-reasoner)
- Self description: "Reasoner for the AIR policy language, based on cwm"
- based on cwm
- Last update: 2013
- [FuXi](https://pypi.org/project/FuXi/)
- Self description: "An OWL / N3-based in-memory, logic reasoning system for RDF"
- based on cwm
- Last update: 2013
- see also
Owner
- Name: Charles Tapley Hoyt
- Login: cthoyt
- Kind: user
- Location: Bonn, Germany
- Company: RWTH Aachen University
- Website: https://cthoyt.com
- Repositories: 489
- Profile: https://github.com/cthoyt