@stdlib/random-base-minstd

A linear congruential pseudorandom number generator (LCG) based on Park and Miller.

https://github.com/stdlib-js/random-base-minstd

Science Score: 57.0%

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Keywords

generator javascript lcg lehmer math mathematics minstd node node-js nodejs prng pseudorandom rand randint random randu statistics stats stdlib uniform

Last synced: 4 months ago · JSON representation ·

Repository

A linear congruential pseudorandom number generator (LCG) based on Park and Miller.

Basic Info

Host: GitHub
Owner: stdlib-js
License: apache-2.0
Language: JavaScript
Default Branch: main
Homepage: https://github.com/stdlib-js/stdlib
Size: 1.63 MB

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Stars: 3
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generator javascript lcg lehmer math mathematics minstd node node-js nodejs prng pseudorandom rand randint random randu statistics stats stdlib uniform

Created over 4 years ago · Last pushed 5 months ago

Metadata Files

Readme Changelog Contributing License Code of conduct Citation Security

We believe in a future in which the web is a preferred environment for numerical computation. To help realize this future, we've built stdlib. stdlib is a standard library, with an emphasis on numerical and scientific computation, written in JavaScript (and C) for execution in browsers and in Node.js.

The library is fully decomposable, being architected in such a way that you can swap out and mix and match APIs and functionality to cater to your exact preferences and use cases.

When you use stdlib, you can be absolutely certain that you are using the most thorough, rigorous, well-written, studied, documented, tested, measured, and high-quality code out there.

To join us in bringing numerical computing to the web, get started by checking us out on GitHub, and please consider financially supporting stdlib. We greatly appreciate your continued support!

MINSTD

A linear congruential pseudorandom number generator (LCG) based on Park and Miller.

## Installation ```bash npm install @stdlib/random-base-minstd ``` Alternatively, - To load the package in a website via a `script` tag without installation and bundlers, use the [ES Module][es-module] available on the [`esm`][esm-url] branch (see [README][esm-readme]). - If you are using Deno, visit the [`deno`][deno-url] branch (see [README][deno-readme] for usage intructions). - For use in Observable, or in browser/node environments, use the [Universal Module Definition (UMD)][umd] build available on the [`umd`][umd-url] branch (see [README][umd-readme]). The [branches.md][branches-url] file summarizes the available branches and displays a diagram illustrating their relationships. To view installation and usage instructions specific to each branch build, be sure to explicitly navigate to the respective README files on each branch, as linked to above.

## Usage ```javascript var minstd = require( '@stdlib/random-base-minstd' ); ``` #### minstd() Returns a pseudorandom integer on the interval `[1, 2147483646]`. ```javascript var r = minstd(); // returns ``` #### minstd.normalized() Returns a pseudorandom number on the interval `[0,1)`. ```javascript var r = minstd.normalized(); // returns ``` #### minstd.factory( \[options] ) Returns a linear congruential pseudorandom number generator ([LCG][lcg]). ```javascript var rand = minstd.factory(); ``` The function accepts the following `options`: - **seed**: pseudorandom number generator seed. - **state**: an [`Int32Array`][@stdlib/array/int32] containing pseudorandom number generator state. If provided, the function ignores the `seed` option. - **copy**: `boolean` indicating whether to copy a provided pseudorandom number generator state. Setting this option to `false` allows sharing state between two or more pseudorandom number generators. Setting this option to `true` ensures that a returned generator has exclusive control over its internal state. Default: `true`. By default, a random integer is used to seed the returned generator. To seed the generator, provide either an `integer` on the interval `[1, 2147483646]` ```javascript var rand = minstd.factory({ 'seed': 1234 }); var r = rand(); // returns 20739838 ``` or, for arbitrary length seeds, an array-like `object` containing signed 32-bit integers ```javascript var Int32Array = require( '@stdlib/array-int32' ); var rand = minstd.factory({ 'seed': new Int32Array( [ 1234 ] ) }); var r = rand(); // returns 20739838 ``` To return a generator having a specific initial state, set the generator `state` option. ```javascript // Generate pseudorandom numbers, thus progressing the generator state: var r; var i; for ( i = 0; i < 1000; i++ ) { r = minstd(); } // Create a new PRNG initialized to the current state of `minstd`: var rand = minstd.factory({ 'state': minstd.state }); // Test that the generated pseudorandom numbers are the same: var bool = ( rand() === minstd() ); // returns true ``` #### minstd.NAME The generator name. ```javascript var str = minstd.NAME; // returns 'minstd' ``` #### minstd.MIN Minimum possible value. ```javascript var min = minstd.MIN; // returns 1 ``` #### minstd.MAX Maximum possible value. ```javascript var max = minstd.MAX; // returns 2147483646 ``` #### minstd.seed The value used to seed `minstd()`. ```javascript // Generate pseudorandom values... var r; var i; for ( i = 0; i < 100; i++ ) { r = minstd(); } // Generate the same pseudorandom values... var rand = minstd.factory({ 'seed': minstd.seed }); for ( i = 0; i < 100; i++ ) { r = rand(); } ``` #### minstd.seedLength Length of generator seed. ```javascript var len = minstd.seedLength; // returns ``` #### minstd.state Writable property for getting and setting the generator state. ```javascript var r = minstd(); // returns r = minstd(); // returns // ... // Get the current state: var state = minstd.state; // returns r = minstd(); // returns r = minstd(); // returns // Reset the state: minstd.state = state; // Replay the last two pseudorandom numbers: r = minstd(); // returns r = minstd(); // returns // ... ``` #### minstd.stateLength Length of generator state. ```javascript var len = minstd.stateLength; // returns ``` #### minstd.byteLength Size (in bytes) of generator state. ```javascript var sz = minstd.byteLength; // returns ``` #### minstd.toJSON() Serializes the pseudorandom number generator as a JSON object. ```javascript var o = minstd.toJSON(); // returns { 'type': 'PRNG', 'name': '...', 'state': {...}, 'params': [] } ```

## Notes - The generator has a period of approximately `2.1e9` (see [Numerical Recipes in C, 2nd Edition](#references), p. 279). - An [LCG][lcg] is fast and uses little memory. On the other hand, because the generator is a simple [linear congruential generator][lcg], the generator has recognized shortcomings. By today's PRNG standards, the generator's period is relatively short. More importantly, the "randomness quality" of the generator's output is lacking. These defects make the generator unsuitable, for example, in Monte Carlo simulations and in cryptographic applications. For more on the advantages and disadvantages of [LCGs][lcg], see [Wikipedia][pros-cons]. - If PRNG state is "shared" (meaning a state array was provided during PRNG creation and **not** copied) and one sets the generator state to a state array having a different length, the PRNG does **not** update the existing shared state and, instead, points to the newly provided state array. In order to synchronize PRNG output according to the new shared state array, the state array for **each** relevant PRNG must be **explicitly** set. - If PRNG state is "shared" and one sets the generator state to a state array of the same length, the PRNG state is updated (along with the state of all other PRNGs sharing the PRNG's state array).

## Examples ```javascript var minstd = require( '@stdlib/random-base-minstd' ); // Generate pseudorandom numbers... var i; for ( i = 0; i < 100; i++ ) { console.log( minstd() ); } // Create a new pseudorandom number generator... var seed = 1234; var rand = minstd.factory({ 'seed': seed }); for ( i = 0; i < 100; i++ ) { console.log( rand() ); } // Create another pseudorandom number generator using a previous seed... rand = minstd.factory({ 'seed': minstd.seed }); for ( i = 0; i < 100; i++ ) { console.log( rand() ); } ```

## References - Park, S. K., and K. W. Miller. 1988. "Random Number Generators: Good Ones Are Hard to Find." _Communications of the ACM_ 31 (10). New York, NY, USA: ACM: 1192–1201. doi:[10.1145/63039.63042][@park:1988]. - Press, William H., Brian P. Flannery, Saul A. Teukolsky, and William T. Vetterling. 1992. _Numerical Recipes in C: The Art of Scientific Computing, Second Edition_. Cambridge University Press.

* * * ## Notice This package is part of [stdlib][stdlib], a standard library for JavaScript and Node.js, with an emphasis on numerical and scientific computing. The library provides a collection of robust, high performance libraries for mathematics, statistics, streams, utilities, and more. For more information on the project, filing bug reports and feature requests, and guidance on how to develop [stdlib][stdlib], see the main project [repository][stdlib]. #### Community [![Chat][chat-image]][chat-url] --- ## License See [LICENSE][stdlib-license]. ## Copyright Copyright © 2016-2025. The Stdlib [Authors][stdlib-authors].

Owner

Name: stdlib
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Website: https://stdlib.io
Twitter: stdlibjs
Repositories: 3,692
Profile: https://github.com/stdlib-js

Standard library for JavaScript.

Citation (CITATION.cff)

cff-version: 1.2.0
title: stdlib
message: >-
  If you use this software, please cite it using the
  metadata from this file.

type: software

authors:
  - name: The Stdlib Authors
    url: https://github.com/stdlib-js/stdlib/graphs/contributors

repository-code: https://github.com/stdlib-js/stdlib
url: https://stdlib.io

abstract: |
  Standard library for JavaScript and Node.js.

keywords:
  - JavaScript
  - Node.js
  - TypeScript
  - standard library
  - scientific computing
  - numerical computing
  - statistical computing

license: Apache-2.0 AND BSL-1.0

date-released: 2016

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npmjs.org: @stdlib/random-base-minstd

A linear congruential pseudorandom number generator (LCG) based on Park and Miller.

Homepage: https://stdlib.io
License: Apache-2.0
Latest release: 0.2.1
published almost 2 years ago

Versions: 9
Dependent Packages: 154
Dependent Repositories: 140
Downloads: 26,137 Last month

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Downloads: 0.3%

Dependent repos count: 1.3%

Average: 6.1%

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Forks count: 15.4%

Maintainers (4)

planeshifter rreusser stdlib-bot kgryte

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@stdlib/random-base ^0.0.x
@stdlib/string-format ^0.0.x
@stdlib/types ^0.0.x
@stdlib/utils-define-nonenumerable-read-only-accessor ^0.0.x
@stdlib/utils-define-nonenumerable-read-only-property ^0.0.x
@stdlib/utils-define-nonenumerable-read-write-accessor ^0.0.x
@stdlib/utils-library-manifest ^0.0.x

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@stdlib/random-base-minstd

Science Score: 57.0%

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MINSTD

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