CASTRO: A Massively Parallel Compressible Astrophysics Simulation Code

Authors

Ann Almgren
Center for Computational Sciences and Engineering, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory

Maria Barrios Sazo
Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University

John Bell
Center for Computational Sciences and Engineering, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory

Alice Harpole
Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University

Max Katz
NVIDIA Corporation

Jean Sexton
Center for Computational Sciences and Engineering, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory

Donald Willcox
Center for Computational Sciences and Engineering, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory

Weiqun Zhang
Center for Computational Sciences and Engineering, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory

Michael Zingale
Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Center for Computational Astrophysics, Flatiron Institute

Editor

Eloisa Bentivegna

# Citing Castro

There are a number of Castro papers that describe parts of the
algorithm.  We ask that you cite all of the appropriate papers
describing the capabilities you used.

## General code use

If you use Castro, we appreciate you citing the most recent code paper:

```
@article{Almgren2020,
  doi = {10.21105/joss.02513},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.21105/joss.02513},
  year = {2020},
  publisher = {The Open Journal},
  volume = {5},
  number = {54},
  pages = {2513},
  author = {Ann Almgren and Maria Barrios Sazo and John Bell and Alice Harpole and Max Katz and Jean Sexton and Donald Willcox and Weiqun Zhang and Michael Zingale},
  title = {CASTRO: A Massively Parallel Compressible Astrophysics Simulation Code},
  journal = {Journal of Open Source Software}
}
```

You are welcome to cite the original code paper as well (which
provides some details on the algorithmic implementations):

```
    @ARTICLE{2010ApJ...715.1221A,
       author = {{Almgren}, A.~S. and {Beckner}, V.~E. and {Bell},
                      J.~B. and {Day}, M.~S. and {Howell}, L.~H. and
                      {Joggerst}, C.~C. and {Lijewski}, M.~J. and
                      {Nonaka}, A. and {Singer}, M. and {Zingale}, M.},
        title = "{CASTRO: A New Compressible Astrophysical
                      Solver. I. Hydrodynamics and Self-gravity}",
      journal = {\apj},
    archivePrefix = "arXiv",
       eprint = {1005.0114},
     primaryClass = "astro-ph.IM",
     keywords = {equation of state, gravitation, hydrodynamics, methods:
                      numerical, nuclear reactions, nucleosynthesis,
                      abundances},
         year = 2010,
        month = jun,
       volume = 715,
        pages = {1221-1238},
          doi = {10.1088/0004-637X/715/2/1221},
       adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2010ApJ...715.1221A},
      adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
    }
```

You should also cite the zenodo DOI for the code release.  A bibtex
entry for the latest release can be found here:

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2301848

## Radiation hydrodynamics

If you use the radiation hydrodynamics capabilities, please additionally
cite the following:

```
    @ARTICLE{2011ApJS..196...20Z,
       author = {{Zhang}, W. and {Howell}, L. and {Almgren}, A. and
                      {Burrows}, A. and {Bell}, J.},
        title = "{CASTRO: A New Compressible Astrophysical
                      Solver. II. Gray Radiation Hydrodynamics}",
      journal = {\apjs},
    archivePrefix = "arXiv",
       eprint = {1105.2466},
     primaryClass = "astro-ph.IM",
     keywords = {diffusion, hydrodynamics, methods: numerical, radiative
                      transfer},
         year = 2011,
        month = oct,
       volume = 196,
          eid = {20},
        pages = {20},
          doi = {10.1088/0067-0049/196/2/20},
       adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2011ApJS..196...20Z},
      adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
    }
```

```
    @ARTICLE{2013ApJS..204....7Z,
       author = {{Zhang}, W. and {Howell}, L. and {Almgren}, A. and
                      {Burrows}, A. and {Dolence}, J. and {Bell}, J.},
        title = "{CASTRO: A New Compressible Astrophysical
                      Solver. III. Multigroup Radiation Hydrodynamics}",
      journal = {\apjs},
    archivePrefix = "arXiv",
       eprint = {1207.3845},
     primaryClass = "astro-ph.IM",
     keywords = {diffusion, hydrodynamics, methods: numerical, radiative
                      transfer },
         year = 2013,
        month = jan,
       volume = 204,
          eid = {7},
        pages = {7},
          doi = {10.1088/0067-0049/204/1/7},
       adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2013ApJS..204....7Z},
      adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
    }
```

## Gravity and rotation

If you use the Poisson gravity solver or rotation, please cite the
following, which included a lot of improvements to the coupling of
hydro and gravity:

```
    @ARTICLE{2016ApJ...819...94K,
       author = {{Katz}, M.~P. and {Zingale}, M. and {Calder}, A.~C. and
                      {Swesty}, F.~D. and {Almgren}, A.~S. and {Zhang},
                      W.},
        title = "{White Dwarf Mergers on Adaptive Meshes. I. Methodology
                      and Code Verification}",
      journal = {\apj},
    archivePrefix = "arXiv",
       eprint = {1512.06099},
     primaryClass = "astro-ph.HE",
     keywords = {hydrodynamics, methods: numerical, supernovae: general,
                      white dwarfs},
         year = 2016,
        month = mar,
       volume = 819,
          eid = {94},
        pages = {94},
          doi = {10.3847/0004-637X/819/2/94},
       adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2016ApJ...819...94K},
      adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
    }
```

## GPUs and scaling

For CPU performance numbers, please cite:

```
    @INPROCEEDINGS{2018JPhCS1031a2024Z,
           author = {{Zingale}, M. and {Almgren}, A.~S. and {Barrios Sazo}, M.~G. and
             {Beckner}, V.~E. and {Bell}, J.~B. and {Friesen}, B. and
             {Jacobs}, A.~M. and {Katz}, M.~P. and {Malone}, C.~M. and
             {Nonaka}, A.~J. and {Willcox}, D.~E. and {Zhang}, W.},
            title = "{Meeting the Challenges of Modeling Astrophysical Thermonuclear Explosions: Castro, Maestro, and the AMReX Astrophysics Suite}",
         keywords = {Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics},
        booktitle = {Journal of Physics Conference Series},
             year = 2018,
           series = {Journal of Physics Conference Series},
           volume = {1031},
            month = may,
              eid = {012024},
            pages = {012024},
              doi = {10.1088/1742-6596/1031/1/012024},
    archivePrefix = {arXiv},
           eprint = {1711.06203},
     primaryClass = {astro-ph.IM},
           adsurl = {https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2018JPhCS1031a2024Z},
          adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
    }
```

For GPU performance, please cite:

```
    @ARTICLE{2020arXiv200705218K,
           author = {{Katz}, Max P. and {Almgren}, Ann and {Barrios Sazo}, Maria and
             {Eiden}, Kiran and {Gott}, Kevin and {Harpole}, Alice and
             {Sexton}, Jean M. and {Willcox}, Don E. and {Zhang}, Weiqun and
             {Zingale}, Michael},
            title = "{Preparing Nuclear Astrophysics for Exascale}",
          journal = {arXiv e-prints},
         keywords = {Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena},
             year = 2020,
            month = jul,
              eid = {arXiv:2007.05218},
            pages = {arXiv:2007.05218},
    archivePrefix = {arXiv},
           eprint = {2007.05218},
     primaryClass = {astro-ph.IM},
           adsurl = {https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2020arXiv200705218K},
          adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
    }
```

## Spectral deferred corrections

For the 2nd and 4th order SDC coupling of hydro and reactions, please cite:

```
    @ARTICLE{2019ApJ...886..105Z,
           author = {{Zingale}, M. and {Katz}, M.~P. and {Bell}, J.~B. and {Minion}, M.~L. and
             {Nonaka}, A.~J. and {Zhang}, W.},
            title = "{Improved Coupling of Hydrodynamics and Nuclear Reactions via Spectral Deferred Corrections}",
          journal = {\apj},
         keywords = {Hydrodynamics, Astrophysical fluid dynamics, Computational methods, Computational astronomy, Astronomy software, Nuclear astrophysics, Nucleosynthesis, Stellar nucleosynthesis, Physics - Computational Physics, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics},
             year = 2019,
            month = dec,
           volume = {886},
           number = {2},
              eid = {105},
            pages = {105},
              doi = {10.3847/1538-4357/ab4e1d},
    archivePrefix = {arXiv},
           eprint = {1908.03661},
     primaryClass = {physics.comp-ph},
           adsurl = {https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2019ApJ...886..105Z},
          adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
    }
```