https://github.com/gagolews/bfpm_critique

A Critique of the Bounded Fuzzy Possibilistic Method - Supplementary Files

https://github.com/gagolews/bfpm_critique

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A Critique of the Bounded Fuzzy Possibilistic Method - Supplementary Files

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A Critique of the Bounded Fuzzy Possibilistic Method — Supplementary Files

The Bounded Fuzzy Possibilistic Method (BFPM) was introduced in doi:10.1016/j.fss.2019.07.011. I demonstrate that there are some critical flaws in the proposed algorithm, which makes the results presented therein highly questionable. In particular, the method may generate meaningless cluster membership degrees or even fail to converge when run on some classical benchmark data sets.

bfpm.py implements both the BFPM as well as the (now-classic) Fuzzy (weighted) c-means method (FCM). The implementation of the BFPM is straightforward, because it is an arbitrary (faulty) modification of the FCM.

iris.ipynb runs the BFPM on the famous Iris data set. The algorithm does not converge.

yeast.ipynb studies the behaviour of the BFPM on the Yeast data set from the UCI Machine Learning repository. The algorithm converges to a solution representing one trivial cluster (all cluster centres coincide and are equal to the centroid of the whole data set).

unbalance.ipynb provides a simple illustration that a solution identified by the FCM does not necessarily correspond to the global minium of the underlying objective function. Even multiple restarts from different random initial guesses may not be enough, although they can improve the solution significantly. This is a well known behaviour that we also observe in the case of the classic k-means method (compare, e.g., the nstart argument to the kmeans() function in R or the n_init argument in Python's sklearn.cluster.KMeans).

References

H. Yazdani, Bounded fuzzy possibilistic method, Fuzzy Sets and Systems 389 (2020) 51–65. doi:10.1016/j.fss.2019.07.011

J. Bezdek, R. Ehrlich, W. Full, FCM: The fuzzy c-means clustering algorithm, Computers & Geosciences 10 (1984) 191–203. doi:10.1016/0098-3004(84)90020-7

M. Gagolewski, A critique of the Bounded Fuzzy Possibilistic Method, Fuzzy Sets and Systems 426 (2022) 176-181. doi:10.1016/j.fss.2021.07.001

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  • Name: Marek Gagolewski
  • Login: gagolews
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  • Location: Melbourne, VIC, Australia
  • Company: Deakin University

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