Science Score: 44.0%

This score indicates how likely this project is to be science-related based on various indicators:

  • CITATION.cff file
    Found CITATION.cff file
  • codemeta.json file
    Found codemeta.json file
  • .zenodo.json file
    Found .zenodo.json file
  • DOI references
  • Academic links in README
  • Academic email domains
  • Institutional organization owner
  • JOSS paper metadata
  • Scientific vocabulary similarity
    Low similarity (0.2%) to scientific vocabulary
Last synced: 6 months ago · JSON representation ·

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Created 8 months ago · Last pushed 8 months ago
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  <title>Maktaba Academy - In-text Citations: Author/Authors</title>
  <meta name="description" content="Guidelines for citing works with single, multiple, unknown authors, and organizational authors in-text.">
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          <h2><u>In-text Citations: Author/Authors</u></h2>
          <p>Properly attributing sources is essential. This section details how to format in-text citations based on the number of authors or if the author is unknown or an organization.</p>

          <h3>Single Author:</h3>
          <ul>
            <li>
              <strong>Parenthetical:</strong> (Author's Last Name, Year)
              <p class="guideline-detail">Example: (Miller, 2019). Use this when the author's name is not part of your sentence narrative.</p>
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              <strong>Narrative:</strong> Author's Last Name (Year)
              <p class="guideline-detail">Example: Miller (2019) argued... Use this when you mention the author's name in your sentence.</p>
            </li>
            <li>
              <strong>With Direct Quote:</strong> (Author's Last Name, Year, p. X) or Author's Last Name (Year) stated, "..." (p. X).
              <p class="guideline-detail">Always include a page number (p.) or paragraph number (para.) for direct quotations. Example: (Miller, 2019, p. 45).</p>
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          </ul>

          <h3>Two Authors:</h3>
          <ul>
            <li>
              <strong>Parenthetical:</strong> (Author & Author, Year)
              <p class="guideline-detail">Example: (Smith & Jones, 2021). Use an ampersand (&) inside parentheses.</p>
            </li>
            <li>
              <strong>Narrative:</strong> Author and Author (Year)
              <p class="guideline-detail">Example: Smith and Jones (2021) concluded... Use "and" (spelled out) in the narrative text.</p>
            </li>
          </ul>

          <h3>Three or More Authors:</h3>
          <ul>
            <li>
              <strong>Parenthetical:</strong> (First Author's Last Name et al., Year)
              <p class="guideline-detail">Example: (Brown et al., 2022). For three or more authors, use "et al." (Latin for "and others") after the first author's surname for all citations.</p>
            </li>
            <li>
              <strong>Narrative:</strong> First Author's Last Name et al. (Year)
              <p class="guideline-detail">Example: Brown et al. (2022) found... Similarly, use "et al." in the narrative.</p>
            </li>
          </ul>

          <h3>Group or Organizational Author:</h3>
          <ul>
            <li>
              Spell out the full name of the organization for the first citation. Subsequent citations can use an abbreviation if provided and well-known.
              <p class="guideline-detail">
                <strong>First Parenthetical Citation:</strong> (American Psychological Association [APA], 2020)<br>
                <strong>Subsequent Parenthetical Citations:</strong> (APA, 2020)<br>
                <strong>First Narrative Citation:</strong> American Psychological Association (APA, 2020) stated...<br>
                <strong>Subsequent Narrative Citations:</strong> APA (2020) stated...
              </p>
            </li>
          </ul>

          <h3>No Author:</h3>
          <ul>
            <li>
              Use the first few words of the title of the work, followed by the year. If the title is an article, chapter, or webpage, use quotation marks. If it's a book, report, or brochure, use italics.
              <p class="guideline-detail">
                <strong>Example (article/chapter/webpage):</strong> ("Understanding Climate Change," 2023)<br>
                <strong>Example (book/report):</strong> (<em>The Future of AI</em>, 2022)<br>
                This ensures the reader can easily find the corresponding entry in the reference list where the title will be the primary entry element.
              </p>
            </li>
          </ul>

          <p>Always ensure your in-text citations accurately reflect the source and correspond to an entry in your reference list.</p>
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