To cite the use of this formal theory, please use

  Achim D. Brucker and Michael Herzberg. A Formalization of Safely Composable Web 
  Components. In Archive of Formal Proofs, 2020. http://www.isa-afp.org/entries/SC_DOM_Components.html,
  Formal proof development


A BibTeX entry for LaTeX users is


@Article{         brucker.ea:afp-sc-dom-components:2020,
  author        = {Achim D. Brucker and Michael Herzberg},
  title         = {A Formalization of Safely Composable Web Components},
  journal       = {Archive of Formal Proofs},
  month         = sep,
  year          = 2020,
  date          = {2020-09-28},
  note          = {\url{http://www.isa-afp.org/entries/SC_DOM_Components.html}, Formal proof development},
  issn          = {2150-914x},
  public        = {yes},
  classification= {formal},
  categories    = {websecurity},
  pdf           = {http://www.brucker.ch/bibliography/download/2020/brucker.ea-afp-sc-dom-components-2020.pdf},
  filelabel     = {Outline},
  file          = {http://www.brucker.ch/bibliography/download/2020/brucker.ea-afp-sc-dom-components-outline-2020.pdf},
  areas         = {formal methods, security, software engineering},
  abstract      = { While the (safely composable) DOM with shadow trees provide the technical basis for defining web
                  components, it does neither defines the concept of web components nor specifies the safety properties
                  that web components should guarantee. Consequently, the standard also does not discuss how or even if
                  the methods for modifying the DOM respect component boundaries. In AFP entry, we present a formally
                  verified model of safely composable web components and define safety properties which ensure that
                  different web components can only interact with each other using well-defined interfaces. Moreover,
                  our verification of the application programming interface (API) of the DOM revealed numerous
                  invariants that implementations of the DOM API need to preserve to ensure the integrity of components.
                  },
  url           = {http://www.brucker.ch/bibliography/abstract/brucker.ea-afp-sc-dom-components-2020}
}

An overview of the formalization is given in:

  Achim D. Brucker and Michael Herzberg. A Formally Verified Model of
  Web Components. In Formal Aspects of Component Software (FACS).
  Lecture Notes in Computer Science (12018), Springer-Verlag, 2020.
  http://www.brucker.ch/bibliography/abstract/brucker.ea-web-components-2019

A BibTeX entry for LaTeX users is


@InCollection{    brucker.ea:web-components:2019,
  abstract      = {The trend towards ever more complex client-side web applications is unstoppable. Compared to
                  traditional software development, client-side web development lacks a well-established component
                  model, i.e., a method for easily and safely reusing already developed functionality. To address this
                  issue, the web community started to adopt shadow trees as part of the Document Object Model (DOM):
                  shadow trees allow developers to "partition" a DOM instance into parts that should be safely
                  separated, e.g., code modifying one part should not, unintentionally, affect other parts of the DOM.

                  While shadow trees provide the technical basis for defining web components, the DOM standard neither
                  defines the concept of web components nor specifies the safety properties that web components should
                  guarantee. Consequently, the standard also does not discuss how or even if the methods for modifying
                  the DOM respect component boundaries. In this paper, we present a formally verified model of web
                  components and define safety properties which ensure that different web components can only interact
                  with each other using well-defined interfaces. Moreover, our verification of the application
                  programming interface (API) of the DOM revealed numerous invariants that implementations of the DOM
                  API need to preserve to ensure the integrity of components.},
  keywords      = {Web Component, Shadow Tree, DOM, Isabelle/HOL},
  location      = {Amsterdam, The Netherlands},
  author        = {Achim D. Brucker and Michael Herzberg},
  booktitle     = {Formal Aspects of Component Software (FACS)},
  language      = {USenglish},
  publisher     = pub-springer,
  address       = pub-springer:adr,
  series        = s-lncs,
  number        = 12018,
  isbn          = {3-540-25109-X},
  doi           = {10.1007/978-3-030-40914-2_3},
  editor        = {Sung-Shik Jongmans and Farhad Arbab},
  pdf           = {http://www.brucker.ch/bibliography/download/2019/brucker.ea-web-components-2019.pdf},
  title         = {A Formally Verified Model of Web Components},
  classification= {conference},
  areas         = {formal methods, software},
  year          = 2020,
  public        = {yes},
  url           = {http://www.brucker.ch/bibliography/abstract/brucker.ea-web-components-2019}
}