@article{diatta_borrelia_2015,
	title = {Borrelia infection in small mammals in {West} {Africa} and its relationship with tick occurrence inside burrows},
	volume = {152},
	issn = {0001-706X},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actatropica.2015.08.016},
	doi = {10.1016/j.actatropica.2015.08.016},
	journal = {Acta Tropica},
	author = {Diatta, Georges and Duplantier, Jean-Marc and Granjon, Laurent and Ba, Khalilou and Chauvancy, Gilles and Ndiaye, Mady and Trape, Jean-Francois},
	month = dec,
	year = {2015},
	keywords = {Animals, Humans, *Borrelia Infections/tm [Transmission], *Disease Reservoirs, *Ornithodoros, *Rhipicephalus, Abiotic factors, Africa, Africa, Western, Afrotropical region, animal burrows, bacterial diseases, Borrelia crocidurae, Borreliosis, brain, Diseases and   disorders, distribution, Ecosystem, ectoparasites, Hosts, infections, inoculation, Insectivora, Land zones, Male, Microbial diseases, Ornithodoros sonrai, Ornithodoros sonrai (Acari): [Parasite].    Insectivora (Mammalia): [Host].    Rodentia (Mammalia): [Host]., Parasites, Parasites diseases and disorders, Physical   factors, Rain, relapsing fever, Relapsing fever, Rodentia, Rodentia [Arachnid parasites / Ornithodoros sonrai /   transmission] [Bacterial diseases / Borrelia crocidurae / Prevalence, rural areas, small mammals, Small mammals, spirochaetosis, surveys, techniques, tickborne diseases, tickborne relapsing fever, Transmission, vectors, zoonoses},
	pages = {131--140},
	file = {1-s2.0-S0001706X15300930-mmc1 (2).docx:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/KJXQ33CW/1-s2.0-S0001706X15300930-mmc1 (2).docx:application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document;1-s2.0-S0001706X15300930-mmc2 (2).docx:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/3RW7MLIE/1-s2.0-S0001706X15300930-mmc2 (2).docx:application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document;Diatta et al. - 2015 - Borrelia infection in small mammals in West Africa.pdf:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/CLUTRJW2/Diatta et al. - 2015 - Borrelia infection in small mammals in West Africa.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{diarra_molecular_2020,
	title = {Molecular {Detection} of {Microorganisms} {Associated} with {Small} {Mammals} and {Their} {Ectoparasites} in {Mail}},
	volume = {103},
	issn = {0002-9637},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.19-0727},
	doi = {10.4269/ajtmh.19-0727},
	abstract = {Small mammals are the natural reservoirs for many zoonotic pathogens. Using molecular tools, we assessed the prevalence of bacteria and protozoans in small mammals and their ectoparasites in Faladje, Bougouni, and Bamako, Mali. A total of 130 small mammals belonging to 10 different species were captured, of which 74 (56.9\%) were infested by ectoparasites, including Laelaps echidnina, Xenopsylla cheopis, Amblyomma variegatum, Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato, and Haemaphysalis spp. nymphs. DNA of Bartonella was found in 14/75 (18.7\%), 6/48 (12.5\%), and 3/7 (42.8\%) small mammals from Faladje, Bougouni, and Bamako, respectively. In Faladje, Bartonella DNA was detected in 31/68 (45.6\%) of L. echidnina and 14/22 (63.6\%) of X. cheopis. In Bougouni, it was found in 2/26 (7.7\%) of L. echidnina and 10/42 (23.8\%) of X. cheopis. The sequences of Bartonella obtained from small mammals were close to those of Bartonella mastomydis, Bartonella elizabethae, and uncultured Bartonella spp. In Faladje, Coxiella burnetii DNA was detected in 64.4\% (29/45) of Haemaphysalis spp. ticks, 4.5\% (2/44) of Mastomys erythroleucus, 12.5\% (1/8) of Praomys daltoni, and 1.5\% (1/68) of L. echidnina. We found DNA of Wolbachia in X. cheopis from Faladje and DNA of Rickettsia africae and Ehrlichia ruminantium in Am. variegatum from Bougouni. The results of our study show that several small mammal species harbor and may serve as potential reservoirs of Bartonella spp., likely to play a major role in the maintenance, circulation, and potential transmission of bacteria in Mali. The pathogenicity of these bacteria for humans or animals remains to be demonstrated.},
	number = {6},
	journal = {AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE},
	author = {Diarra, Adama and Kone, Abdoulaye and Niare, Safiatou and Laroche, Maureen and Diatta, Georges and Atteynine, Solimane and Coulibaly, Maimouna and Sangare, Abdoul and Kouriba, Bourema and Djimde, Abdoulaye and Dabo, Abdoulaye and Sagara, Issaka and Davoust, Bernard and Ranque, Stephane and Thera, Mahamadou and Raoult, Didier and Doumbo, Ogobara and Parola, Philippe},
	month = dec,
	year = {2020},
	keywords = {Animals, Rodentia, *Ectoparasitic Infestations/ve [Veterinary], *Rodent Diseases/ps [Parasitology], Bacteria/ip [Isolation \& Purification], Disease Reservoirs, Ectoparasitic Infestations/ep [Epidemiology], Ectoparasitic Infestations/ps [Parasitology], Mali/ep [Epidemiology], Mites/mi [Microbiology], Phylogeny, Rodent Diseases/ep [Epidemiology], Siphonaptera/mi [Microbiology], Ticks/mi [Microbiology], Zoonoses},
	pages = {2542--2551},
	file = {Diarra et al. - 2020 - Molecular Detection of Microorganisms Associated w.pdf:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/3CHAEH6V/Diarra et al. - 2020 - Molecular Detection of Microorganisms Associated w.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{konecny_indications_2010,
	title = {Indications of higher diversity and abundance of small rodents in human-influenced {Sudanian} savannah than in the {Niokolo} {Koba} {National} {Park} ({Senegal}).},
	volume = {48},
	issn = {0141-6707},
	url = {http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/loi/aje},
	doi = {10.1111/j.1365-2028.2009.01169.x},
	abstract = {Expansion of human activities in the Sudanian savannah is changing natural habitats together with their animal communities. The abundance and diversity of small mammal communities were investigated in human-influenced savannahs in close proximity to Niokolo Koba National Park (NKNP) in south-eastern Senegal and compared with those from NKNP. Two localities were sampled in natural and two in human-influenced areas during two dry and two rainy seasons. Total sampling effort was 5400 trap-nights. Ninety-eight individuals of eleven species were captured outside NKNP, while only 28 individuals of five rodent species were caught inside the park (all of which were found also outside NKNP). The most abundant species outside NKNP was Mastomys erythroleucus, while inside NKNP it was Praomys daltoni. Both relative abundance and diversity were significantly higher in human-influenced landscape than in natural savannahs of NKNP. The difference in species richness may be linked with lower population densities of certain species in NKNP and the effect of traditional agriculture, which may support the presence of species typical for deforested landscape. Furthermore, food availability, and predator abundances are discussed as possible reasons for the higher rodent abundances outside NKNP.},
	language = {English},
	number = {3},
	journal = {African Journal of Ecology},
	author = {Konecny, A. and Koubek, P. and Bryja, J.},
	year = {2010},
	note = {Place: UK},
	keywords = {small mammals, food supply, grasslands, human activity, landscape, national parks, natural enemies, population density, predators, savannas, species diversity, species richness},
	pages = {718--726},
	file = {Konecny et al. - 2010 - Indications of higher diversity and abundance of s.pdf:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/AQIKJUNW/Konecny et al. - 2010 - Indications of higher diversity and abundance of s.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{foronda_serological_2015,
	title = {Serological survey of antibodies to {Toxoplasma} gondii and {Coxiella} burnetii in rodents in north-western {African} islands ({Canary} {Islands} and {Cape} {Verde}).},
	volume = {82},
	issn = {0030-2465},
	url = {http://www.ojvr.org/index.php/ojvr/article/view/899/html},
	doi = {10.4102/ojvr.v82i1.899},
	abstract = {Coxiella burnetii and Toxoplasma gondii are intracellular parasites that cause important reproductive disorders in animals and humans worldwide, resulting in high economic losses. The aim of the present study was to analyse the possible role of peridomestic small mammals in the maintenance and transmission of C. burnetii and T. gondii in the north-western African archipelagos of the Canary Islands and Cape Verde, where these species are commonly found affecting humans and farm animals. Between 2009 and 2013, 108 black rats (Rattus rattus) and 77 mice (Mus musculus) were analysed for the presence of Coxiella and Toxoplasma antibodies by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and indirect immunofluorescence (IFA), respectively. Our results showed a wide distribution of C. burnetii and T. gondii, except for T. gondii in Cape Verde, in both rodent species. The overall seroprevalence of C. burnetii antibodies was 12.4\%; 21.1\% for Cape Verde and 10.2\% for the Canary Islands. With respect to T. gondii, seropositive rodents were only observed in the Canary Islands, with an overall seroprevalence of 15\%. Considering the fact that both pathogens can infect a large range of hosts, including livestock and humans, the results are of public health and veterinary importance and could be used by governmental entities to manage risk factors and to prevent future cases of Q fever and toxoplasmosis.},
	language = {English},
	number = {1},
	journal = {Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research},
	author = {Foronda, P. and Plata-Luis, J. and Castillo-Figueruelo, B. del and Fernandez-Alvarez, A. and Martin-Alonso, A. and Feliu, C. and Cabral, M. D. and Valladares, B.},
	year = {2015},
	note = {Place: South Africa},
	keywords = {Animals, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, Seroepidemiologic Studies, bacterial diseases, infections, small mammals, surveys, parasites, parasitoses, protozoal infections, *Coxiella burnetii/ip [Isolation \& Purification], *Mice, *Q Fever/ve [Veterinary], *Rats, *Rodent Diseases/ep [Epidemiology], *Toxoplasma/ip [Isolation \& Purification], *Toxoplasmosis, Animal/ep [Epidemiology], antibodies, Antibodies, Bacterial, Antibodies, Protozoan, Cabo Verde/ep [Epidemiology], domestic animals, ELISA, Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect, government, health, immunofluorescence, islands, livestock, losses, pathogens, Prevalence, public health, Q fever, Q Fever/ep [Epidemiology], Q Fever/mi [Microbiology], reproductive disorders, rickettsial diseases, risk factors, Rodent Diseases/mi [Microbiology], Rodent Diseases/ps [Parasitology], serological surveys, seroprevalence, Spain/ep [Epidemiology], toxoplasmosis, Toxoplasmosis, Animal/ps [Parasitology], transmission, world},
	pages = {Art},
	file = {Foronda et al. - 2015 - Serological survey of antibodies to Toxoplasma gon.pdf:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/8IVYI4VI/Foronda et al. - 2015 - Serological survey of antibodies to Toxoplasma gon.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{ba_preliminary_2001,
	title = {Preliminary study on some rodents of southern {Mauritania} as réservoir of human pathogenic viruses},
	url = {https://horizon.documentation.ird.fr/exl-doc/pleins_textes/divers09-03/010028452.pdf},
	doi = {10028452},
	language = {en},
	journal = {African Small Mammals},
	author = {Bâ, Khalilou and Mathiot, Christian and Diallo, Mawlouth and Nabeth, Pierre and Lochouarn, Laurence and Kâne, Yacoub and Abdalahi, Mohameden O and Granjon, Laurent},
	year = {2001},
	pages = {8},
	file = {Bâ et al. - r reliminary study on some rodents of southern Mau.pdf:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/WGLYPBMF/Bâ et al. - r reliminary study on some rodents of southern Mau.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{weber_rapid_2007,
	title = {A {Rapid} {Survey} of {Small} {Mammals} from the {Atewa} {Range} {Forest} {Reserve}, {Eastern} {Region}, {Ghana}},
	volume = {rbba},
	url = {10.1896/054.047.0116},
	doi = {10.1896/054.047.0116},
	abstract = {RAP Bulletin of Biological Assessment information from RAP expeditions providing conservation professionals with data to improve biodiversity protection.},
	urldate = {2021-10-11},
	journal = {A Rapid Biological Assessment of the Atewa Range Forest Reserve, Eastern Ghana},
	author = {Weber, Natalie and Fahr, Jakob},
	month = dec,
	year = {2007},
	note = {Publisher: Conservation International},
	pages = {90},
	file = {Snapshot:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/JAK2RBD4/054.047.html:text/html},
}

@article{fichet-calvet_diversity_2009,
	title = {Diversity and dynamics in a community of small mammals in coastal {Guinea}, {West} {Africa}},
	volume = {139},
	issn = {2295-0451},
	url = {http://www.vliz.be/nl/open-marien-archief?module=ref&refid=204614},
	abstract = {In order to investigate dynamics and reproduction in Mastomys erythroleucus inhabiting a high rainfall area in coastal Guinea, West Africa, a small mammal study was carried out through a 1-year longitudinal survey. Sampling was by standardized trapping in houses, cultivations, forest and savanna. Identification of the small mammals was based on morphology, and by molecular technique for sibling species. As a part of a larger survey on reservoirs of Lassa virus in Guinea, 106/289 specimens were screened for arenavirus and were found negative. The most abundant species was M. erythroleucus (46\%) which occurred in all habitats, with a preference for savanna close to the cultivations. Its reproduction was seasonal and lasted for 8 months, beginning in the early rainy season and finishing in the early dry season. It was syntopic with Lophuromys sikapusi (13\%) and Praomys rostratus (10\%), which probably migrated from forest/orchards to cultivations in the late rainy season. Reproduction was high in many species in the late rainy season, but P. rostratus seemed to reproduce actively in the dry season, in contrast to L. sikapusi. Pygmy mice, Mus (Nannomys) spp., were abundant in the early rainy season only. The high species richness (14) is explained by the combined influence of Sudanian-Guinean-Congolian habitats. The role of the absence of bush fires is also debated in that context.},
	language = {en},
	number = {2},
	journal = {Belgian Journal of Zoology},
	author = {Fichet-Calvet, Elisabeth and Lecompte, Emilie and Veyrunes, Frederic and Barrière, Patrick and Nicolas, Violaine and Koulémou, Kékoura},
	year = {2009},
	pages = {93--102},
	file = {Fichet-Calvet et al. - Diversity and dynamics in a community of small mam.pdf:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/QYEC23IC/Fichet-Calvet et al. - Diversity and dynamics in a community of small mam.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{omudu_survey_2010,
	title = {A survey of rats trapped in residential apartments and their ectoparasites in {Makurdi}, {Nigeria}.},
	volume = {6},
	issn = {1816-1561},
	url = {http://www.insipub.com/rjabs/2010/144-149.pdf},
	doi = {1816-1561},
	abstract = {In recent years there has been a reported increase in the number of domestic premises complaining about rat infestation. Successful management of rodent problems depends upon correct identification of the rodent species involved and on obtaining information on the biology, ecology and behaviour in domestic ecological setting. In this study, we surveyed rodents' infestation in residential buildings and their ectoparasites fauna in Makurdi, Nigeria were investigated. The rodents were trapped using locally fabricated traps and body brushing techniques was used to collect their ectoparasites. A total of 1,438 were captured with Rattus rattus accounting for 58.2\%, while 1,571 ectoparasites were collect from 63.0\% of the rodents with ticks accounting for 54.9\% of all ectoparasites. There was no significant difference in rodents' infestation in the six study location (P{\textgreater}0.05). The overall rodent ectoparasite index was 1.09 signifying a potential risk to human health. Apartments with multiple tenants, those with evidence of housing disrepair and pit latrines had higher infestation rates. The public health implications of these findings were discussed with emphasis on protection of human health through a comprehensive and participatory rodent control strategy.},
	language = {English},
	number = {2},
	journal = {Research Journal of Agriculture and Biological Sciences},
	author = {Omudu, E. A. and Ati, T. T.},
	year = {2010},
	note = {Place: Pakistan},
	keywords = {ectoparasites, infections, surveys, parasites, parasitoses, public health, risk factors, dwellings, infestation, pit latrines, residential areas, rodent control},
	pages = {144--149},
	file = {Agbo and Terlumun - 2010 - A Survey of Rats Trapped in Residential Apartments.pdf:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/JUDG3XTL/Agbo and Terlumun - 2010 - A Survey of Rats Trapped in Residential Apartments.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{zida_mastomys_2020,
	title = {Mastomys natalensis, {Cricetomys} gambianus and {Taterillus} sp. were found {PCR} positive for {Leishmania} major in {Burkina} {Faso}, {West} {Africa}.},
	volume = {66},
	issn = {2299-0631},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.17420/ap6602.262},
	doi = {10.17420/ap6602.262},
	abstract = {Ouagadougou, the capital city of Burkina Faso, was recognized as a focus of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniosis in April 2000. Leishmania major was the only strain isolated in this focus. We conducted a prospective study to detect L. major in rodents, animals which are described as reservoir of the parasite. Rodents were caught in five city areas from November 2005 to October 2006. Giemsa stained smears were realized from the cutaneous lesions when present after macroscopic examination of external lesions. The spleen of each rodent was sterilely removed and split into 3 parts for microscopic examination of smears, culture on NNN media and PCR, respectively. A total of 101 rodents belonging to 9 genera were trapped. All the direct examinations and cultures were negative. By using PCR of lesions and spleen samples, three animals were found infected by L. major: one out of 24 (4.2\%) Mastomys natalensis; one out of 8 (12.5\%) Taterillus sp. and one out of three Cricetomys gambianus. This is the first detection of L. major in rodent species in Burkina Faso. Further studies are needed to confirm their role as reservoirs of L. major.},
	number = {2},
	journal = {Annals of Parasitology},
	author = {Zida, Adama and Sangare, Ibrahim and Nezien, Desire and Bretagne, Stephane and Bamba, Sanata and Deniau, Michele and Guiguemde, Robert T},
	year = {2020},
	note = {Place: Poland
Zida, Adama. Unite de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences de la Sante, Universite Ouaga I Pr Joseph Ki-Zerbo, Charles de Gaulles street, Ouagadougou 03 BP 7022 Ouaga 03, Burkina Faso.
Zida, Adama. Laboratoire de Parasitologie-Mycologie-Entomologie, Institut Superieur des Sciences de la Sante de Bobo-Dioulasso Universite Nazi Boni, 01 BP 1091 Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso.
Sangare, Ibrahim. Laboratoire de Parasitologie-Mycologie-Entomologie, Institut Superieur des Sciences de la Sante de Bobo-Dioulasso Universite Nazi Boni, 01 BP 1091 Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso.
Sangare, Ibrahim. Centre MURAZ, B.P. 390 Bobo-Dioulasso 01, Avenue Mamadou Konate, Burkina Faso.
Nezien, Desire. Unite de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences de la Sante, Universite Ouaga I Pr Joseph Ki-Zerbo, Charles de Gaulles street, Ouagadougou 03 BP 7022 Ouaga 03, Burkina Faso.
Nezien, Desire. Institut International des Sciences et Technologies (IISTech), Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso, BP 5572 Ouagadougou 02, Secteur 16, Burkina Faso.
Bretagne, Stephane. Service de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Faculte de Medecine Paris XII and Hopital Chenevier-Henri, Mondor (APHP), rue du General Sarrail 94010, Creteil, France.
Bamba, Sanata. Laboratoire de Parasitologie-Mycologie-Entomologie, Institut Superieur des Sciences de la Sante de Bobo-Dioulasso Universite Nazi Boni, 01 BP 1091 Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso.
Deniau, Michele. Service de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Faculte de Medecine Paris XII and Hopital Chenevier-Henri, Mondor (APHP), rue du General Sarrail 94010, Creteil, France.
Guiguemde, Robert T. Unite de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences de la Sante, Universite Ouaga I Pr Joseph Ki-Zerbo, Charles de Gaulles street, Ouagadougou 03 BP 7022 Ouaga 03, Burkina Faso.
Guiguemde, Robert T. Laboratoire de Parasitologie-Mycologie-Entomologie, Institut Superieur des Sciences de la Sante de Bobo-Dioulasso Universite Nazi Boni, 01 BP 1091 Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso.
Guiguemde, Robert T. Centre MURAZ, B.P. 390 Bobo-Dioulasso 01, Avenue Mamadou Konate, Burkina Faso.},
	keywords = {Animals, *Disease Reservoirs, Africa, Afrotropical region, Hosts, Land zones, Parasites, Parasites diseases and disorders, Leishmaniasis, Prospective Studies, Rodent Diseases/ps [Parasitology], *Leishmania major, *Leishmaniasis, *Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous, *Polymerase Chain Reaction, *Rodent Diseases, *Rodentia, Burkina Faso, Cricetomys gambianus, Cricetomys gambianus (Muridae): [Host, Cutaneous, Cutaneous/di [Diagnosis], Disease Reservoirs/ps [Parasitology], Leishmania major/ge [Genetics], Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous/di [Diagnosis], Mastomys natalensis, New record]., New record].    Leishmania major (Kinetoplastida): [Parasite, New record].    Mastomys natalensis (Muridae): [Host, New record].    Taterillus (Muridae): [Host, Pathological techniques, Rodentia/ps [Parasitology], Spleen/ps [Parasitology], Techniques},
	pages = {251--254},
	file = {2020-66-2_251.pdf:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/47CAAN2A/2020-66-2_251.pdf:application/pdf;Zida et al. - 2020 - Mastomys natalensis, Cricetomys gambianus and Tate.pdf:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/8GU62N26/Zida et al. - 2020 - Mastomys natalensis, Cricetomys gambianus and Tate.pdf:application/pdf;Zida et al. - 2020 - Mastomys natalensis, Cricetomys gambianus and Tate.pdf:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/YYYR4HRQ/Zida et al. - 2020 - Mastomys natalensis, Cricetomys gambianus and Tate.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{happold_small_1974,
	title = {The small rodents of the forest-savanna-farmland association near {Ibadan}, {Nigeria}, with observations on reproduction biology},
	volume = {88},
	url = {https://www.researchgate.net/profile/David-Happold/publication/329465563_The_small_Rodents_of_the_forest_savanna_farmland_association_near_Ibadan_Nigeria_with_observations_on_reproduction_biology/links/5c09ebd0299bf139c7446f63/The-small-Rodents-of-the-forest-savanna-farmland-association-near-Ibadan-Nigeria-with-observations-on-reproduction-biology.pdf},
	doi = {329465563},
	number = {4},
	journal = {Rev. Zool. Afr},
	author = {Happold, D. C. D.},
	year = {1974},
	pages = {814--836},
	file = {HapD1974Rodentsforest-savanna-farmland (1).pdf:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/PJXIUW8Z/HapD1974Rodentsforest-savanna-farmland (1).pdf:application/pdf;HapD1974Rodentsforest-savanna-farmland.pdf:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/JFHWN2LL/HapD1974Rodentsforest-savanna-farmland.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@techreport{mahy_maintenance_1992,
	title = {Maintenance support of a field station in {Sierra} {Leone}, {West} {Africa}},
	url = {https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/citations/ADA279136},
	language = {en},
	institution = {U.S. ARMY MEDICAL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT COMMAND},
	author = {Mahy, Brian},
	year = {1992},
	doi = {ADA254536},
	pages = {48},
	file = {Detrick - PREPARED FOR U.S. ARMY MEDICAL RESEARCH AND DEVEL.pdf:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/3VQJDEWC/Detrick - PREPARED FOR U.S. ARMY MEDICAL RESEARCH AND DEVEL.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{granjon_social_1993,
	title = {Social structure in synanthropic populations of a murid rodent {Mastomys} natalensis in {Senegal}},
	volume = {38},
	url = {https://rcin.org.pl/dlibra/doccontent?id=12166},
	doi = {10.4098/AT.arch.93-3},
	number = {1},
	journal = {Acta Theriologica},
	author = {Granjon, Laurent and Duplantier, Jean-Marc},
	year = {1993},
	pages = {39--47},
	file = {BI002_2613_Cz-40-2_Acta-T38-nr3-39-47_o.pdf:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/6Y2MRC5D/BI002_2613_Cz-40-2_Acta-T38-nr3-39-47_o.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{raczniak_cutaneous_2008,
	title = {Cutaneous leishmaniasis in the {Volta} district of {Ghana}: {An} uncertain reservoir for focal disease outbreak},
	volume = {2},
	url = {http://ugspace.ug.edu.gh/handle/123456789/972},
	doi = {osf.io/g3r2e/},
	number = {1},
	journal = {The Libyan Journal of Infectious Diseases},
	author = {Raczniak, G},
	year = {2008},
	file = {10.1.1.470.1707.pdf:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/2GPTKI2Z/10.1.1.470.1707.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@book{wright_rapid_2006,
	address = {Washington, DC},
	series = {{RAP} {Bulletin} of {Biological} {Assessment} 40},
	title = {A rapid biological assessment of three classified forests in southeastern {Guinea}},
	isbn = {1-881173-48-8},
	url = {http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/76905467.html},
	language = {en},
	urldate = {2021-03-01},
	publisher = {Conservation International},
	author = {Wright, Heather E and {Conservation International}},
	year = {2006},
	note = {OCLC: 904210941},
	file = {RAP_Final_Report.pdf:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/M84EEZC4/RAP_Final_Report.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{attuquayefio_study_2003,
	title = {A study of bushfires in a {Ghanaian} coastal wetland. {Impact} on small mammals},
	volume = {4},
	issn = {0855-4307},
	url = {https://www.ajol.info/index.php/wajae/article/view/45582},
	journal = {African Journal of Applied Ecology},
	author = {Attuquayefio, D.K. and Wuver, A.M.},
	year = {2003},
	file = {45582-Article Text-48552-1-10-20090902.pdf:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/GVPRW9I5/45582-Article Text-48552-1-10-20090902.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{happold_population_1977,
	title = {A population study on small rodents in the tropical rain forest of {Nigeria}},
	volume = {31},
	issn = {2429-6422},
	url = {http://hdl.handle.net/2042/58304},
	doi = {http://hdl.handle.net/2042/58304},
	journal = {La Terre et la Vie},
	author = {Happold, D. C. D.},
	year = {1977},
	file = {LATERREETLAVIE_1977_3_385.pdf:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/FQCZ7E92/LATERREETLAVIE_1977_3_385.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{kamani_prevalence_2013,
	title = {Prevalence and diversity of {Bartonella} species in commensal rodents and ectoparasites from {Nigeria}, {West} {Africa}.},
	volume = {7},
	issn = {1935-2727},
	url = {http://www.plosntds.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pntd.0002246},
	doi = {10.1371/journal.pntd.0002246},
	abstract = {Background: Bartonellae are fastidious bacteria causing persistent bacteremia in humans and a wide variety of animals. In recent years there is an increasing interest in mammalian bartonelloses in general and in rodent bartonelloses in particular. To date, no studies investigating the presence of Bartonella spp. in rodents and ectoparasites from Nigeria were carried out. Methodology/Principal Findings: The aim of the current study was to investigate the presence of Bartonella spp. in commensal rodents and their ectoparasites in Nigeria. We report, for the first time, the molecular detection of Bartonella in 26\% (46/177) of commensal rodents (Rattus rattus, R. norvegicus and Cricetomys gambianus) and 28\% (9/32) of ectoparasite pools (Xenopsylla cheopis, Haemolaelaps spp., Ctenophthalmus spp., Hemimerus talpoides, and Rhipicephalus sanguineus) from Nigeria. Sequence analysis of the citrate synthase gene (gltA) revealed diversity of Bartonella spp. and genotypes in Nigerian rodents and their ectoparasites. Bartonella spp. identical or closely related to Bartonella elizabethae, Bartonella tribocorum and Bartonella grahamii were detected. Conclusions/Significance: High prevalence of infection with Bartonella spp. was detected in commensal rodents and ectoparasites from Nigeria. The Bartonella spp. identified were previously associated with human diseases highlighting their importance to public health. Further studies need to be conducted to determine whether the identified Bartonella species could be responsible for human cases of febrile illness in Nigeria.},
	language = {English},
	number = {5},
	journal = {PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases},
	author = {Kamani, J. and Morick, D. and Mumcuoglu, K. Y. and Harrus, S.},
	year = {2013},
	note = {Place: USA},
	keywords = {Animals, ectoparasites, infections, Phylogeny, epidemiology, parasites, parasitoses, species diversity, Prevalence, Rodentia/ps [Parasitology], Nigeria, Molecular Sequence Data, Genotype, Cluster Analysis, Sequence Analysis, DNA, disease prevalence, human diseases, genotypes, ectoparasitoses, nucleotide sequences, tropics, genes, molecular genetics, Citrate (si)-Synthase/ge [Genetics], *Genetic Variation, *Arthropods/mi [Microbiology], *Bartonella Infections/ve [Veterinary], *Bartonella/cl [Classification], *Bartonella/ip [Isolation \& Purification], *Rodentia/mi [Microbiology], Bartonella Infections/mi [Microbiology], Bartonella/ge [Genetics], commensals, DNA sequencing, genetic analysis, species composition, symbionts, transferases},
	pages = {e2246},
	file = {Full Text:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/TC3B73YR/Kamani et al. - 2013 - Prevalence and Diversity of Bartonella Species in .pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{narh_source_2015,
	title = {Source {Tracking} {Mycobacterium} ulcerans {Infections} in the {Ashanti} {Region}, {Ghana}},
	volume = {9},
	issn = {1935-2735},
	url = {https://journals.plos.org/plosntds/article?id=10.1371/journal.pntd.0003437},
	doi = {10.1371/journal.pntd.0003437},
	abstract = {Although several studies have associated Mycobacterium ulcerans (MU) infection, Buruli ulcer (BU), with slow moving water bodies, there is still no definite mode of transmission. Ecological and transmission studies suggest Variable Number Tandem Repeat (VNTR) typing as a useful tool to differentiate MU strains from other Mycolactone Producing Mycobacteria (MPM). Deciphering the genetic relatedness of clinical and environmental isolates is seminal to determining reservoirs, vectors and transmission routes. In this study, we attempted to source-track MU infections to specific water bodies by matching VNTR profiles of MU in human samples to those in the environment. Environmental samples were collected from 10 water bodies in four BU endemic communities in the Ashanti region, Ghana. Four VNTR loci in MU Agy99 genome, were used to genotype environmental MU ecovars, and those from 14 confirmed BU patients within the same study area. Length polymorphism was confirmed with sequencing. MU was present in the 3 different types of water bodies, but significantly higher in biofilm samples. Four MU genotypes, designated W, X, Y and Z, were typed in both human and environmental samples. Other reported genotypes were only found in water bodies. Animal trapping identified 1 mouse with lesion characteristic of BU, which was confirmed as MU infection. Our findings suggest that patients may have been infected from community associated water bodies. Further, we present evidence that small mammals within endemic communities could be susceptible to MU infections. M. ulcerans transmission could involve several routes where humans have contact with risk environments, which may be further compounded by water bodies acting as vehicles for disseminating strains.},
	language = {en},
	number = {1},
	urldate = {2021-03-11},
	journal = {PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases},
	author = {Narh, Charles A. and Mosi, Lydia and Quaye, Charles and Dassi, Christelle and Konan, Daniele O. and Tay, Samuel C. K. and Souza, Dziedzom K. de and Boakye, Daniel A. and Bonfoh, Bassirou},
	month = jan,
	year = {2015},
	note = {Publisher: Public Library of Science},
	keywords = {Mammals, Polymerase chain reaction, Biofilms, Buruli ulcer, Mycobacteria, Mycobacterium ulcerans, Ponds, Surface water},
	pages = {e0003437},
	file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/FJGBQPB5/Narh et al. - 2015 - Source Tracking Mycobacterium ulcerans Infections .pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/9322WTEH/article.html:text/html},
}

@article{fichetcalvet_diversity_2010,
	title = {Diversity, dynamics and reproduction in a community of small mammals in {Upper} {Guinea}, with emphasis on pygmy mice ecology},
	volume = {48},
	copyright = {© 2009 The Authors. Journal compilation © 2009 Blackwell Publishing Ltd},
	issn = {1365-2028},
	url = {http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1365-2028.2009.01144.x},
	doi = {10.1111/j.1365-2028.2009.01144.x},
	abstract = {As part of a large survey on reservoirs of Lassa fever in Guinea, three villages were investigated in high endemic zone, close to Sierra Leone border. Biodiversity of the small mammal community is presented in this study through a standardized trapping in houses, cultivations and forest. Identification of the small mammals was based on morphology and by molecular technique for sibling species. Of the 1123 specimens collected in 2003–2005, we identified seventeen species (thirteen Muridae, four Soricidae), leading to high diversity (Shannon index = 1.6–1.8) and high equitability (evenness index = 0.7–0.8) in cultivations and forest. In houses conversely, the rodent community was dominated by Mastomys natalensis (95–98\%), leading to low diversity and equitability. Dynamics and reproduction were investigated in two species of pygmy mice, Mus mattheyi and Mus minutoides, two species of Praomys, P. daltoni and P. rostratus, and in Mastomys erythroleucus. The pygmy mice were abundant in cultivations in early rainy season, and reproduced from rainy to dry season. Praomys daltoni was also found more abundant in cultivations and seemed to reproduce between rainy and dry season, whereas P. rostratus preferred forest and cultivations in late rainy season, and reproduced throughout the year. Finally, M. erythroleucus was more abundant in forest in dry season, and seemed to reproduce from late rainy to dry season. This species had a low occurrence (6.5\%) in the Faranah’s zone, and probably lived at its southern limit in Guinea. The presence of other Murinae, such as M. natalensis, Praomys spp as possible competitors in the same habitats, is discussed. For the first time, this study relates population biology of pygmy mice with molecular identification.},
	language = {en},
	number = {3},
	urldate = {2020-10-21},
	journal = {African Journal of Ecology},
	author = {Fichet‐Calvet, Elisabeth and Audenaert, Leen and Barrière, Patrick and Verheyen, Erik},
	year = {2010},
	note = {\_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/j.1365-2028.2009.01144.x},
	keywords = {small mammals, biodiversity, species diversity, Lassa virus, Lassa fever, habitat, rodents, West Africa, population dynamics, reproduction, forests, animal ecology, viral diseases, diversity, Praomys rostratus, Mastomys erythroleucus, shrews, abundance, biological competition, Lophuromys sikapusi, Mus (Nannomys) spp., season},
	pages = {600--614},
	file = {Fichet-Calvet et al. - 2009 - Diversity and dynamics in a community of small mam.pdf:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/BDREEXWG/Fichet-Calvet et al. - 2009 - Diversity and dynamics in a community of small mam.pdf:application/pdf;Fichet-Calvet et al. - 2009 - Diversity, dynamics and reproduction in a communit.pdf:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/AWCCV6ET/Fichet-Calvet et al. - 2009 - Diversity, dynamics and reproduction in a communit.pdf:application/pdf;Full Text PDF:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/KZ3QYBJJ/Fichet‐Calvet et al. - 2010 - Diversity, dynamics and reproduction in a communit.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/SY262EI6/j.1365-2028.2009.01144.html:text/html},
}

@article{karmadine_population_2019,
	title = {Population {Dynamics} and {Genetics} of {Gerbillus} nigeriae in {Central} {Sahel}: {Implications} for {Rodent} {Pest} {Control}},
	volume = {4},
	issn = {2575-3789},
	shorttitle = {Population {Dynamics} and {Genetics} of \<i\>{Gerbillus} nigeriae\</i\> in {Central} {Sahel}},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.eeb.20190404.11},
	doi = {10.11648/j.eeb.20190404.11},
	abstract = {Gerbillus nigeriae is a sand-dwelling and semi-arid adapted rodent species restricted to the West African Sahel where it causes extensive damages to cereal crops such as millet and sorghum. It also displays one of the most extensive floating chromosomal polymorphisms currently known in mammals, showing a non-random spatial distribution of diploid numbers (2N). We combined population dynamics and genetics to determine dispersal and mobility parameters of G. nigeriae in the species distribution range characterized by low 2N. To do so, we performed a three-year long population survey at Gangara, in the central east Niger. We used both time-dependent monitoring trough capture-mark-recapture (CMR) methods and genetic analyses performed on the 134 monitored individuals. CMR results showed low to very low population densities (maximum 27.5 individuals/ha) throughout the study. Abundance cycle was single-phased and strongly dependent on rainfall patterns. Mobility parameters showed very low individual mobility, with means of distance between successive (re) captures (DRS) and maximal distance between (re) captures (DMR) of 7.8 and 14.4 meters, respectively. Genetic analyses revealed significant isolation by distance as well as spatial structuration, thus confirming poor dispersal capacity. Our results are discussed in terms of rodent pest control in arid areas of Niger where cereal crops production is crucial for human food security.},
	language = {en},
	number = {4},
	urldate = {2021-03-08},
	journal = {Ecology and Evolutionary Biology},
	author = {Karmadine, Hima and Laurent, Granjon and Philippe, Gauthier and Arame, Ndiaye and Carine, Brouat and Gauthier, Dobigny},
	year = {2019},
	pages = {45},
	file = {Karmadine et al. - 2019 - Population Dynamics and Genetics of &lt\;i&gt\;Gerbi.pdf:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/AA6FW8S4/Karmadine et al. - 2019 - Population Dynamics and Genetics of &lt\;i&gt\;Gerbi.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{catalano_plagiorchis_2019,
	title = {Plagiorchis sp. in small mammals of {Senegal} and the potential emergence of a zoonotic trematodiasis},
	volume = {8},
	issn = {2213-2244},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijppaw.2019.02.003},
	doi = {10.1016/j.ijppaw.2019.02.003},
	abstract = {Trematodes of the genus Plagiorchis have a wide geographical distribution and can exploit a variety of hosts. The occurrence and zoonotic potential of Plagiorchis spp. have been characterised across several countries in Asia; in contrast, information on Plagiorchis parasites in Africa remains anecdotal. We isolated a previously undescribed Plagiorchis species from the biliary tract and small intestine of 201 out of 427 small mammals collected in the region of Lake Guiers, Senegal, with local prevalence ranging from 38.6\% to 77.0\%. Conversely, Plagiorchis isolates were not observed in the 244 small mammals sampled in and around the town of Richard Toll, Senegal. Molecular phylogenetics of the internal transcribed spacer region, nuclear ribosomal DNA, and of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 gene, mitochondrial DNA, supported the monophyly and multi-host spectrum of this newly discovered West African Plagiorchis species. Sequencing of individual cercariae shed by Radix natalensis (Gastropoda: Lymnaeidae) suggested that these freshwater snails may act as suitable first intermediate hosts. Phylogenetic analysis yielded a highly resolved topology indicating two different clades, one composed by Plagiorchis spp. infecting rodents, insectivores, and birds, while the other included parasites of bats. Our findings showed the low host specificity and high prevalence of the isolated Plagiorchis sp. in the Lake Guiers region, with Hubert's multimammate mice (Mastomys huberti) appearing to play a primary role in the epidemiology of this parasite. The results raise concern about the zoonotic potential of Plagiorchis sp. in local communities of the Lake Guiers region, and highlight food-borne trematodiases and their link to land-use change as a neglected public health issue in regions of West Africa.},
	journal = {International Journal for Parasitology-Parasites and Wildlife},
	author = {Catalano, Stefano and Nadler, Steven A. and Fall, Cheikh B. and Marsh, Kirsty J. and Leger, Elsa and Sene, Mariama and Priestnall, Simon L. and Wood, Chelsea L. and Diouf, Nicolas D. and Ba, Khalilou and Webster, Joanne P.},
	month = apr,
	year = {2019},
	note = {WOS:000462495200022},
	keywords = {Africa, Hosts, Land zones, Parasites, Parasites diseases and disorders, Transmission, Zoonoses, transmission, prevalence, Wildlife, West Africa, Evolution, Genetics, Afrotropical   region, Helminth parasites, Mammalia (Vertebrata): [Host].    Radix natalensis (Lymnaeoidea): [Host].    Plagiorchis (Digenea): [Parasite]., Mammalia [Digenean parasites / Plagiorchis / Host specificity, mammalian hosts] [Transmission of parasites / Plagiorchis   (Platyhelminthes) / ] [Senegal / Lake Guiers / ]., molluscan vectors] [ /  / prevalence, Parasite, Plagiorchis, small taxa] [Senegal / Lake Guiers / ].    Plagiorchis [Molecular genetics / Nu ITS rDNA \& mt COI gene sequences /   host specificity, Trematode},
	pages = {164--170},
	file = {Catalano et al. - 2019 - Plagiorchis sp. in small mammals of Senegal and th.pdf:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/API8TLLV/Catalano et al. - 2019 - Plagiorchis sp. in small mammals of Senegal and th.pdf:application/pdf;Catalano et al. - 2019 - Supplementary:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/EDU9PJZA/Catalano et al. - 2019 - Supplementary.docx:application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document},
}

@article{meinig_notes_1999,
	title = {Notes on the mammal fauna of the southern part of the {Republic} of {Mali}, {West} {Africa}.},
	volume = {49},
	issn = {0006-7172},
	url = {https://www.researchgate.net/publication/263275127_Notes_on_the_mammal_fauna_of_the_southern_part_of_the_Republic_of_Mali_West-Africa},
	abstract = {During two short surveys the mammalian fauna of the southern part of the Republic of Mali (West Africa) in the sub-Sahelian belt was investigated. 46 species were recorded altogether. At least nine of them (Crocidura lamottei, Chaerephon pumila, Scotophilus leucogaster, Eptesicus rendalli, Rhinolophus fumigatus, Nycteris macrotis, Rattus norvegicus, Acomys cineraceus, Steatomys caurinus) are first records for the country. One other species is documented for the second time (Tatera cf. kempi), one for the third time (Crocidura lusitania). The known range of Gerbillus cf. gerbillus in Mali was extended further to the south. Rattus norvegicus was found for the first time in mainland Africa; formerly it was only known to occur in harbour towns. The most common rodent in the area was a yet unidentified form of Mastomys. By morphological characters the species is close to Mastomys natalensis and not to M. erythroleucus, a name applied by many authors. The commensal small mammal coenoses of some larger towns (Mopti, Djenne, Segou, Bamako) are compared.},
	number = {1-4},
	journal = {Bonner Zoologische Beitraege},
	author = {Meinig, Holger},
	year = {1999},
	note = {ZOOREC:ZOOR13700029145},
	keywords = {Africa, Afrotropical region, Land zones, Ecology, Animals and man, Biometrics, Nutrition, Habitat, Diet, Predators, Prey, Man made habitat, comparisons] [Biometrics / Measurements / ] [Avian predators / Tyto alba   / Pellet analysis] [Urban habitat / Large towns / Small taxa coenoses]   [Mali / South / Faunal survey, Mammalia (Vertebrata): [Prey, Mammalia [Synanthropy /  / Small taxa coenoses in large towns, New record].    Tyto alba (Tytonidae): [Predator]., new records \& comparisons of small taxa   coenoses in towns].    Tyto alba [Mammalian prey /  / Food pellet analysis] [Urban habitat /  /   pellet analysis] [Mali / South / ].},
	pages = {101--114},
	file = {Meinig - 1999 - Notes on the mammal fauna of the southern part of .PDF:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/75Q49BLK/Meinig - 1999 - Notes on the mammal fauna of the southern part of .PDF:application/pdf},
}

@article{weber_new_2019,
	title = {New records of bats and terrestrial small mammals from the {Seli} {River} in {Sierra} {Leone} before the construction of a hydroelectric dam.},
	volume = {7},
	issn = {1314-2828},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.7.e34754},
	doi = {10.3897/BDJ.7.e34754},
	abstract = {Sierra Leone is situated at the western edge of the Upper Guinean Forests in West Africa, a recognised biodiversity hotspot which is increasingly threatened by habitat degradation and loss through anthropogenic impacts. The small mammal fauna of Sierra Leone is poorly documented, although bats and rodents account for the majority of mammalian diversity. Based on morphological, genetic and echolocation data, we recorded 30 bat (Chiroptera), three shrew (Soricomorpha) and eleven rodent (Rodentia) species at the Seli River in the north of the country in 2014 and 2016, during a baseline study for the Bumbuna Phase II hydroelectric project. In 2016, 15 bat species were additionally documented at the western fringe of the Loma Mountains, a recently established national park and biodiversity offset for the Bumbuna Phase I dam. Three bat species were recorded for the first time in Sierra Leone, raising the total number for the country to 61. Further, two bat species are threatened and endemic to the Upper Guinean Forest and several taxa of small mammals are poorly known or represent undescribed species. Overall, the habitats of the project area supported a species-rich small mammal fauna including species of global conservation concern. Suitable mitigation measures and/or offsets are necessary to maintain biodiversity and ecosystems in a region that is under high human pressure.},
	number = {101619899},
	journal = {Biodiversity Data Journal},
	author = {Weber, Natalie and Wistuba, Ricarda and Astrin, Jonas J and Decher, Jan},
	year = {2019},
	note = {Place: Bulgaria
Weber, Natalie. Independent Research Consultant, Fuerth, Germany Independent Research Consultant Fuerth Germany.
Wistuba, Ricarda. ZFMK, Bonn, Germany ZFMK Bonn Germany.
Astrin, Jonas J. ZFMK, Bonn, Germany ZFMK Bonn Germany.
Decher, Jan. ZFMK, Bonn, Germany ZFMK Bonn Germany.},
	keywords = {Africa, Afrotropical region, Land zones, Rodentia, Chiroptera, Animals and man, Conservation, Soricomorpha, Bumbuna Phase II hydroelectric project, Chaerephon nigeriae nigeriae [Sierra Leone / Fintonia / New record].    Chiroptera, Commercial activities, Disturbance by man, Hipposideros abae, Hipposideros marisae, Mops trevori   [Sierra Leone /  / New record].    Scotoecus hirundo [Sierra Leone / Musala / New record]., Soricomorpha [Construction / Proposed   hydroelectric dam / ] [Conservation measures /  / ] [Sierra Leone / Seli   River / faunal list].    Coleura afra, Upper Guinean Forests},
	pages = {e34754},
	file = {Full Text:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/GG87YVSE/Weber et al. - 2019 - New records of bats and terrestrial small mammals .pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{denys_new_2009,
	title = {New data on the taxonomy and distribution of {Rodentia} ({Mammalia}) from the western and coastal regions of {Guinea} {West} {Africa}},
	volume = {76},
	issn = {1125-0003},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1080/11250000802616817},
	doi = {10.1080/11250000802616817},
	number = {1},
	journal = {Italian Journal of Zoology},
	author = {Denys, C. and Lalis, A. and Aniskin, V. and Kourouma, F. and Soropogui, B. and Sylla, O. and Dore, A. and Koulemou, K. and Beavogui, Z. B. and Sylla, M. and Camara, A. and Camara, A. B. and Camara, A. C. and Kan, S. Kouassi and Volobouev, V. and Camara, C. and Koivogui, L. and Bernard, A. K.},
	year = {2009},
	keywords = {Africa, Afrotropical region, Ecology, rodents, Chromosomes, Cytogenetics, General morphology, Genetics, Taxonomy, Land   zones, Zoogeography, Habitat, Man made habitat, Terrestrial habitat, Rodentia (Mammalia)., sibling species, Rodentia [General morphology /  / ] [Karyotype /  / ] [Community   structure /  / ] [Forest and woodland / Forest \& savannah / faunal list]   [Rock habitat /  / ] [Cultivated land habitat /  / ] [Zoogeography /  /   ] [Guinea / West \& coastal areas / ]., West Guinea},
	pages = {111--128},
	file = {Denys et al. - 2009 - New data on the taxonomy and distribution of Roden.pdf:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/NGC7W9H7/Denys et al. - 2009 - New data on the taxonomy and distribution of Roden.pdf:application/pdf;Full Text:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/MQ3W7SEF/Denys et al. - 2009 - New data on the taxonomy and distribution of Roden.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{catalano_multihost_2020,
	title = {Multihost {Transmission} of {Schistosoma} mansoni in {Senegal}, 2015-2018},
	volume = {26},
	issn = {1080-6040},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2606.200107},
	doi = {10.3201/eid2606.200107},
	abstract = {In West Africa, Schistosoma spp. are capable of infecting multiple definitive hosts, a lifecycle feature that may complicate schistosomiasis control. We characterized the evolutionary relationships among multiple Schistosoma mansoni isolates collected from snails (intermediate hosts), humans (definitive hosts), and rodents (definitive hosts) in Senegal. On a local scale, diagnosis of S. mansoni infection ranged 3.8\%-44.8\% in school-aged children, 1.7\%-52.6\% in Mastomys huberti mice, and 1.8\%-7.1\% in Biomphalaria pfeifferi snails. Our phylogenetic framework confirmed the presence of multiple S. mansoni lineages that could infect both humans and rodents; divergence times of these lineages varied (0.13-0.02 million years ago). We propose that extensive movement of persons across West Africa might have contributed to the establishment of these various multihost S. mansoni clades. High S. mansoni prevalence in rodents at transmission sites frequented by humans further highlights the implications that alternative hosts could have on future public health interventions.},
	number = {6},
	journal = {Emerging Infectious Diseases},
	author = {Catalano, Stefano and Leger, Elsa and Fall, Cheikh B. and Borlase, Anna and Diop, Samba D. and Berger, Duncan and Webster, Bonnie L. and Faye, Babacar and Diouf, Nicolas D. and Rollinson, David and Sene, Mariama and Ba, Khalilou and Webster, Joanne P.},
	month = jun,
	year = {2020},
	note = {WOS:000541513900020},
	keywords = {Africa, Afrotropical region, Hosts, Parasites, Transmission, transmission, Evolution, Genetics, Land   zones, transmission dynamics, Helminth parasites, Arvicanthis niloticus, Parasites diseases and   disorders, Arvicanthis niloticus (Muridae): [Host].    Mastomys huberti (Muridae): [Host].    Biomphalaria pfeifferi (Planorboidea): [Host].    Schistosoma mansoni (Digenea): [Parasite]., definitive host].    Biomphalaria pfeifferi [Digenean parasites / Schistosoma mansoni /   Prevalence, intermediate host] [Transmission of parasites   / Schistosoma mansoni (Platyhelminthes) / transmission dynamics]   [Senegal / Lac de Guiers / ].    Schistosoma mansoni [Life cycle /  / prevalence, Life cycle and development, Mastomys huberti [Digenean parasites /   Schistosoma mansoni / Prevalence},
	pages = {1234--1242},
	file = {Full Text:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/8VP368WF/Catalano et al. - 2020 - Multihost Transmission of Schistosoma mansoni in S.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{ikeh_mastomys_1995,
	title = {Mastomys natalensis and {Tatera} gambiana as probable reservoirs of human cutaneous leishmaniasis in {Nigeria}.},
	volume = {89},
	issn = {0035-9203},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/0035-9203(95)90642-8},
	doi = {10.1016/0035-9203(95)90642-8},
	abstract = {Leishmania sp. was isolated from the livers and spleens of 4 of 56 Mastomys natalensis and one of 21 Tatera gambiana in Keana District, Nigeria; none of the rodents had cutaneous lesions. Parasites were not found in 42 Rattus rattus. Experimentally infected mice developed cutaneous lesions characteristic of L. major infection. The organisms could not be cultivated in vitro.},
	number = {1},
	journal = {Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene},
	author = {Ikeh, E I and Ajayi, J A and Nwana, E J},
	year = {1995},
	note = {Place: England
Ikeh, E I. Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Jos, P.M.B., Nigeria.},
	keywords = {Animals, *Disease Reservoirs, Spleen/ps [Parasitology], Rats, Mice, Nigeria, *Rodentia/ps [Parasitology], *Muridae/ps [Parasitology], Liver/ps [Parasitology], *Leishmania major/ip [Isolation \& Purification], *Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous/tm [Transmission]},
	pages = {25--6},
	file = {Ikeh et al. - 1995 - Mastomys natalensis and Tatera gambiana as probabl.pdf:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/TRWBMAML/Ikeh et al. - 1995 - Mastomys natalensis and Tatera gambiana as probabl.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{robbins_mastomys_1983,
	title = {Mastomys (rodentia: muridae) species distinguished by hemoglobin pattern differences.},
	volume = {32},
	issn = {0002-9637},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.1983.32.624},
	doi = {10.4269/ajtmh.1983.32.624},
	abstract = {Hemoglobin electrophoresis patterns were found to be reliable markers for distinguishing two species of Mastomys in Sierra Leone having 32 and 38 chromosomes. All 32-chromosome animals exhibited a single hemoglobin pattern, whereas those with 38-chromosomes had four distinguishable patterns. Both karyotypes were present throughout Sierra Leone. The 38-chromosome species was more prevalent in the Guinea savanna zone to the north, while the 32-chromosome species was most dominant in human-modified high forest areas of the eastern and southern parts of the country. In almost all situations the 32-chromosome species was more common in houses than in bush habitats; the reverse was true for Mastomys having 38 chromosomes. Analysis of hemoglobin patterns thus becomes useful for species identification, and is necessary to understand the roles of the different Mastomys forms as reservoirs of human diseases, such as Lassa fever in West Africa.},
	number = {3},
	journal = {The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene},
	author = {Robbins, C B and Krebs, J W Jr and Johnson, K M},
	year = {1983},
	note = {Place: United States},
	keywords = {Animals, Sierra Leone, *Hemoglobins/ge [Genetics], *Muridae/ge [Genetics], Chromosomes/an [Analysis], Hemoglobins/an [Analysis]},
	pages = {624--30},
	file = {Robbins et al. - 1983 - Mastomys (rodentia muridae) species distinguished.pdf:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/3ADT4Y3S/Robbins et al. - 1983 - Mastomys (rodentia muridae) species distinguished.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{dossou_invasive_2020,
	title = {Invasive rodents and damages to food stocks: a study in the {Autonomous} {Harbor} of {Cotonou}, {Benin}.},
	volume = {24},
	issn = {1370-6233},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.25518/1780-4507.18326},
	doi = {10.25518/1780-4507.18326},
	abstract = {Description of the subject. Rodents may be major pests to crops and stored food, thus threatening food security. Among them, invasive species such as rats and mice are of particular concern since they are disseminated globally following international trade. We investigated the small mammal assemblage within the international seaport of Cotonou, Benin, in order to determine the relative importance and distribution of native vs invasive rodent species, as well as to evaluate the amount and associated costs of rodent-induced damages on imported 'exported stored goods (here, rice). Objectives. Description of rodent assemblages within an African seaport, and evaluation of the associated damages on stored food stocks. Method. Rodent communities were described following trapping results while associated damages and costs were evaluated following a 25 days-long monitoring campaign and subsequent economic estimation of loss. Results. Our results show that invasive mice and rats are, from far, the most impacting rodents in the storage warehouses, and that the associated economic losses are quite large. Moreover, we point towards a few environmental management procedures that may greatly reduce the impact of rodents on stored goods. Conclusions. Damages and costs due to invasive rodents within the Cotonou Harbor are so that they justify financial investment in rodent population control.},
	number = {1},
	journal = {Biotechnologie Agronomie Societe et Environnement},
	author = {Dossou, Henri-Joel and Adjovi, Nestor Ahoyo and Houemenou, Gualbert and Bagan, Thomas and Mensah, Guy-Apollinaire and Dobigny, Gauthier},
	year = {2020},
	note = {ZOOREC:ZOOR15606039299},
	pages = {28--36},
	file = {Dossou et al. - 2020 - Invasive rodents and damages to food stocks a stu.pdf:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/DTGAV9WL/Dossou et al. - 2020 - Invasive rodents and damages to food stocks a stu.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{garshong_effect_2013,
	title = {Effect of {Habitat} {Change} through {Infrastructural} {Development} on {Small} {Mammal} {Diversity} and {Abundance} on the {Legon} {Campus} of the {University} of {Ghana}.},
	volume = {21},
	url = {http://197.255.68.203/handle/123456789/6304},
	doi = {261041768},
	abstract = {The study investigated the effect of real estate development on small mammal diversity and abundance in order to inform town planners during their decision-making process. Small mammals were used because they are relatively easy to survey and serve as bio-indicators that provide knowledge on the state of health of the habitat in which they inhabit. The University of Ghana Campus, Legon (UGCL) was divided into two sites: built-up area and the botanical garden, which is less developed. The small mammals were live-trapped using Sherman traps in May 2009 for seven nights by means of transect in the two study sites, using a mixture of peanut butter and corn meal as the preferred bait. The 350 trap-nights yielded 68 captures of five species of small mammals. They were (i) Pygmy mouse (Mus musculoides), (ii) Unstriped grass rat (Arvicanthis niloticus), (iii) Tullberg's soft-furred rat (Praomys tullbergi), (iv) African giant shrew (Crocidura olivieri) and (v) White-bellied hedgehog (Atelerix albiventris). Small mammal diversity and abundance were similar between the two sites. This may be due to the comparatively large size and the presence of green areas in the built-up area. The preference of C. olivieri for human-interfered habitats may be used to monitor further habitat modification through real estate development in UGCL.},
	number = {2},
	journal = {West African Journal of Applied Ecology},
	author = {Garshong, R. A. and Attuquayefio, D. K. and Gbogbo, F.},
	year = {2013},
	note = {ZOOREC:ZOOR15104024746},
	pages = {1--9},
	file = {Garshong et al. - 2013 - Effect of Habitat Change through Infrastructural D.pdf:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/J8AMKYA7/Garshong et al. - 2013 - Effect of Habitat Change through Infrastructural D.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{barnett_ecology_2000,
	title = {Ecology of rodent communities in agricultural habitats in eastern {Sierra} {Leone}: {Cocoa} groves as forest refugia},
	issn = {0564-3295},
	url = {http://www.tropecol.com/pdf/open/PDF_41_2/kp41201.pdf},
	abstract = {Ten species of rodents were trapped from cocoa groves, abandoned agricultural land and a rice field during the wet season in eastern Sierra Leone. Trap success varied between 0.8\% and 14.1\%. Mean corrected trap success was 6.4\%. Data are analyzed in terms of habitat preferences of individual species, community composition and species richness. Results of dietary analysis are presented. The data indicate that the rodent fauna of cocoa groves contains both savanna-derived and forest-derived elements, though some habitat specialist species were absent. Habitats with a high percentage of understory cover showed a higher rodent species diversity and biomass than those with a sparse understory. The habitats contained 43\% of the predicted small mammal fauna, including 33\% of the forest-dwelling species. Missing species were mostly arboreal forms. Cocoa groves may provide important refugia for forestderived small mammal species in areas where deforestation has been extensive.},
	language = {en},
	journal = {Tropical Ecology},
	author = {Barnett, Adrian Ashton and Read, Nicholas and Scurlock, Jonathan and Low, Christopher and Norris, Hugh and Shapley, Rebecca},
	year = {2000},
	pages = {17},
	file = {Barnett et al. - 2000 - Ecology of rodent communities in agricultural habi.pdf:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/QZTLJQWI/Barnett et al. - 2000 - Ecology of rodent communities in agricultural habi.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{ba_ecology_2013,
	title = {Ecology of a typical {West} {African} {Sudanian} savannah rodent community.},
	volume = {51},
	issn = {0141-6707; 1365-2028},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1111/aje.12055},
	doi = {10.1111/aje.12055},
	abstract = {The small-mammal community of a typical Sudanian savannah area of south-eastern Senegal was studied by way of intensive sampling at the beginning (July) and at the end (November) of the rainy season. A total of 5931 trapnights and 200 pitfallnights yielded 767 small mammals, including 757 rodents of 12 species, as well as a few shrews and hedgehogs. Accumulation curve indicated that the rodent community was well sampled. Murine rodents were far more numerous than gerbilline rodents, and among them, Mastomys erythroleucus was the dominant species, being caught in high numbers in all habitats. Arvicanthis niloticus and Praomys daltoni were also abundant, followed by Mastomys natalensis and Gerbilliscus guineae. Abundances were high at the beginning of the rainy season when reproductive activity was low in all species. At the end of the rainy season, murine rodents were actively involved in reproduction, while gerbilline rodents were at their lowest density. Significant changes in relative abundance among habitats (including human dwellings) were observed between periods in some species, suggesting seasonal trends in habitat preferences. This may help species coexistence in this species-rich rodent community, in an area likely to be submitted to significant habitat alterations in the years to come.},
	number = {3},
	journal = {African Journal of Ecology},
	author = {Ba, Khalilou and Kane, Mamadou and Gauthier, Philippe and Granjon, Laurent},
	month = sep,
	year = {2013},
	note = {ZOOREC:ZOOR14911056619},
	pages = {447--455},
	file = {Ba et al. - 2013 - Ecology of a typical West African Sudanian savanna.pdf:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/QK365ZQW/Ba et al. - 2013 - Ecology of a typical West African Sudanian savanna.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{safronetz_detection_2010,
	title = {Detection of {Lassa} {Virus}, {Mali}},
	volume = {16},
	issn = {1080-6040},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1607.100146},
	doi = {10.3201/eid1607.100146},
	abstract = {To determine whether Lassa virus was circulating in southern Mali, we tested samples from small mammals from 3 villages, including Soromba, where in 2009 a British citizen probably contracted a lethal Lassa virus infection. We report the isolation and genetic characterization of Lassa virus from an area previously unknown for Lassa fever.},
	number = {7},
	urldate = {2020-10-21},
	journal = {Emerging Infectious Diseases},
	author = {Safronetz, David and Lopez, Job E. and Sogoba, Nafomon and Traore’, Sékou F. and Raffel, Sandra J. and Fischer, Elizabeth R. and Ebihara, Hideki and Branco, Luis and Garry, Robert F. and Schwan, Tom G. and Feldmann, Heinz},
	month = jul,
	year = {2010},
	pmid = {20587185},
	pmcid = {PMC3321918},
	keywords = {Animals, Lassa virus/ge [Genetics], Mali, Lassa virus/cl [Classification], Murinae/vi [Virology], *Lassa virus/ip [Isolation \& Purification]},
	pages = {1123--1126},
	file = {Safronetz et al. - 2010 - Detection of Lassa Virus, Mali.pdf:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/WF5I6QXC/Safronetz et al. - 2010 - Detection of Lassa Virus, Mali.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{schaufler_clinically_2018,
	title = {Clinically {Relevant} {ESBL}-{Producing} {K}. pneumoniae {ST307} and {E}. coli {ST38} in an {Urban} {West} {African} {Rat} {Population}},
	volume = {9},
	issn = {1664-302X},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2018.00150},
	doi = {10.3389/fmicb.2018.00150},
	journal = {Frontiers in Microbiology},
	author = {Schaufler, Katharina and Nowak, Kathrin and Duex, Ariane and Semmler, Torsten and Villa, Laura and Kourouma, Laye and Bangoura, Karim and Wieler, Lothar H. and Leendertz, Fabian H. and Guenther, Sebastian},
	month = feb,
	year = {2018},
	keywords = {clonal spread, ESBL, MLST, one health, rats, WGS},
	file = {Full Text:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/XEKWTJZS/Schaufler et al. - 2018 - Clinically Relevant ESBL-Producing K. pneumoniae S.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{thiam_capacity_2011,
	title = {Capacity for water conservation in invasive ({Gerbillus} nigeriae) and declining rodents ({Taterillus} pygargus and {Taterillus} gracilis) that exhibit climate-induced distribution changes in {Senegal}},
	volume = {75},
	issn = {0140-1963},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaridenv.2011.04.029},
	doi = {10.1016/j.jaridenv.2011.04.029},
	number = {11},
	journal = {Journal of Arid Environments},
	author = {Thiam, M. and Atteynine, S. A. and Traore, S. and Duplantier, J. -M. and Maurel, D. and Sicard, B.},
	month = nov,
	year = {2011},
	keywords = {Sahel, Climate changes, Developmental plasticity, Inter-individual variability, Population expansions},
	pages = {998--1007},
	file = {Thiam et al. - 2011 - Capacity for water conservation in invasive (Gerbi.pdf:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/LKP4JA4F/Thiam et al. - 2011 - Capacity for water conservation in invasive (Gerbi.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{diallo_bacteriological_1982,
	title = {Bacteriological survey of leptospirosis in {Zaria}, {Nigeria}.},
	volume = {34},
	issn = {0041-3232},
	url = {https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7043824/},
	abstract = {A total of 252 rodents were trapped in the environs of Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, over a two-year period, of which 221 were brown field rats (Arvicanthus niloticus). Only these were found positive (4.5\%). Titers were detected against Leptospira interrogans, serovars australis, icterohaemorrhagiae, tarassovi and hardjo. All positive sera except one reacted against a single serovar. Eight isolates were obtained from field rats: five were serovar australis, one ballum and two unidentified. Five isolates were recovered from 74 bovine kidneys examined: one was serovar pyrogenes and four unidentified. One unidentified isolate failed to react with any of the 16 screening leptospira antisera and another was tentatively considered to be serovar ballum. Two isolates, one ballum and one unidentified, were recovered from the Kubani stream waters. No leptospira was isolated from piggery sewage effluents collected at Kano and Kaduna. It is suggested that serovar ballum be included in any screening battery for leptospirosis in man and animals in Nigeria.},
	number = {1},
	journal = {Tropical and geographical medicine},
	author = {Diallo, A A and Dennis, S M},
	year = {1982},
	pmid = {7043824},
	note = {Place: Netherlands},
	keywords = {Animals, *Disease Reservoirs, Rodent Diseases/mi [Microbiology], Nigeria, Disease Vectors, Cattle/mi [Microbiology], Muridae/mi [Microbiology], Rodent Diseases/tm [Transmission], *Rodentia/mi [Microbiology], *Leptospira interrogans/ip [Isolation \& Purification], Leptospirosis/mi [Microbiology], *Leptospirosis/tm [Transmission], Arvicolinae/mi [Microbiology], Cattle Diseases/mi [Microbiology], Cattle Diseases/tm [Transmission], Cattle/im [Immunology], Gerbillinae/mi [Microbiology], Hedgehogs/mi [Microbiology], Kidney/mi [Microbiology], Leptospira interrogans/im [Immunology], Leptospirosis/im [Immunology], Mice/mi [Microbiology]},
	pages = {29--34},
	file = {Diallo and Dennis - 1982 - Bacteriological survey of leptospirosis in Zaria, .pdf:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/6F5ZYHST/Diallo and Dennis - 1982 - Bacteriological survey of leptospirosis in Zaria, .pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{diagne_association_2020,
	title = {Association between temporal patterns in helminth assemblages and successful range expansion of exotic {Mus} musculus domesticus in {Senegal}},
	volume = {22},
	issn = {1387-3547},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-020-02304-7},
	doi = {10.1007/s10530-020-02304-7},
	number = {10},
	journal = {Biological Invasions},
	author = {Diagne, C. and Granjon, L. and Gueye, M. S. and Ndiaye, A. and Kane, M. and Niang, Y. and Tatard, C. and Brouat, C.},
	month = oct,
	year = {2020},
	keywords = {Mastomys erythroleucus, Enemy release, Gastrointestinal helminths, Mus musculus domesticus, Spill-back},
	pages = {3003--3016},
	file = {Diagne et al. - 2020 - Association between temporal patterns in helminth .pdf:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/RAF4NY4S/Diagne et al. - 2020 - Association between temporal patterns in helminth .pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{alimba_wild_2021,
	title = {Wild black rats ({Rattus} rattus {Linnaeus}, 1758) as zoomonitor of genotoxicity and systemic toxicity induced by hazardous emissions from {Abule} {Egba} unsanitary landfill, {Lagos}, {Nigeria}.},
	volume = {28},
	issn = {1614-7499},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-11325-7},
	doi = {10.1007/s11356-020-11325-7},
	abstract = {Wild black rats (Rattus rattus) inhabiting Abule Egba landfill (AEL) were used as zoomonitor to assess health risk associated with exposure to hazardous chemicals from landfills. Twenty five R. rattus (16 and 9) captured within AEL and 15 (9 and 6) (control) caught from Iyano Ipaja (10 km away from AEL) were examined for bone marrow micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (MNPCE) and polychromatic erythrocytes/normochromatic erythrocytes (PCE/NCE) ratio, abnormal sperm morphology, alterations in hematological indices and erythrocyte morphology, and histopathology of the viscera using standard protocols. There was significant (p {\textless} 0.05) increase in MNPCE but decrease PCE/NCE ratio in bone marrow cells of exposed rats than the reference site. MNPCE was insignificantly higher in male than females. Cauda epididymal sperms from exposed rats showed significant high frequency of teratozoospermia. Erythrocyte count, hemoglobin concentrations, percentage hematocrits, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentrations, leucocyte count, and lymphocytes decreased while mean corpuscular volume, neutrophils, and mean corpuscular hemoglobin increased in the exposed rats compared to the control. Also, abnormal erythrocyte morphology: acanthocytes, codocytes (target cells), schizocytes, and tear drops significantly increased in the exposed rats. Marginal sexual dimorphism was observed between males and females in the incidence of hematological indices. Histopathological lesions including interstitial edema, hemorrhage, lymphoid depletion, cellular infiltrations, proliferation of the alveolar pneumocytes, necrosis, tissue degeneration, and reduced germinal epithelium were observed in the testes, liver, lungs, heart, kidney, and spleen from the exposed rats compared to the control. Some physicochemicals and metals analyzed in leachates from the landfill are capable of inducing genome instability and systemic toxicity in the exposed rats. Rattus rattus exposed to hazardous chemicals from AEL harbored somatic and germ cell mutations, and tissue damage compared to the control rats. We suggest that R. rattus are useful sentinel for genotoxicity and system toxicity assessment of landfill-polluted sites.Graphical abstract.},
	number = {9},
	journal = {Environmental science and pollution research international},
	author = {Alimba, Chibuisi G and Adewumi, Olusoji O and Binuyo, Olufisayo M and Odeigah, Peter G C},
	year = {2021},
	note = {Place: Germany
Alimba, Chibuisi G. Cell Biology and Genetics Unit, Department of Zoology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria. chivoptera@yahoo.com.
Alimba, Chibuisi G. Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors (IfADo), Technical University of Dortmund, 44139, Dortmund, Germany. chivoptera@yahoo.com.
Alimba, Chibuisi G. Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, University of Lagos, Akoka, Lagos, Nigeria. chivoptera@yahoo.com.
Adewumi, Olusoji O. Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, University of Lagos, Akoka, Lagos, Nigeria.
Adewumi, Olusoji O. Biology Unit, Distance Learning Institute, University of Lagos, Akoka, Lagos State, Nigeria.
Binuyo, Olufisayo M. Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, University of Lagos, Akoka, Lagos, Nigeria.
Binuyo, Olufisayo M. Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
Odeigah, Peter G C. Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, University of Lagos, Akoka, Lagos, Nigeria.},
	keywords = {Animals, Male, Female, Rats, Nigeria, *Sex Characteristics, *DNA Damage, Kidney, Waste Disposal Facilities},
	pages = {10603--10621},
	file = {Alimba et al. - 2021 - Wild black rats (Rattus rattus Linnaeus, 1758) as .pdf:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/XT9Q9EU3/Alimba et al. - 2021 - Wild black rats (Rattus rattus Linnaeus, 1758) as .pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{olayemi_widespread_2018,
	title = {Widespread arenavirus occurrence and seroprevalence in small mammals, {Nigeria}},
	volume = {11},
	issn = {1756-3305},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-018-2991-5},
	doi = {10.1186/s13071-018-2991-5},
	abstract = {Background: Lassa fever, killing thousands of people annually, is the most reported viral zoonotic disease in Nigeria. Recently, different rodent species carrying diverse lineages of the Lassa virus (LASV) in addition to a novel Mobala-like genetic sequence were detected within the country. Here, screening 906 small mammal specimens from 11 localities for IgG antibodies and incorporating previous PCR detection data involving the same populations, we further describe arenavirus prevalence across Nigeria in relation to host species and geographical location. Methods: Small mammals were trapped during the period 2011-2015 according to geographical location (endemic and non endemic zones for Lassa fever), season (rainy and dry seasons between 2011 and 2012 for certain localities) and habitat (indoois, peridomestic settings and sylvatic vegetation). identification of animal specimens from genera such as Mastomys and Mus (Nannomys) was assisted by DNA sequencing. Small mammals were tested for LASV IgG antibody using an indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA). Results: Small mammals were infected in both the endemic and non-endemic zones for Lassa fever, with a wider range of species IgG-positive (n = 8) than those which had been previously detected to be PCR-positive (n = 3). IgG-positive species, according to number of infected individuals, were Mastomys natalensis (n = 40), Mastomys erythroleucus (n = 15), Praomys daltoni (n = 6), Mus baoulei (n = 5), Rattus rattus (n = 2), Crocidura spp. (n = 2), Mus minutoides (n = 1) and Praomys misonnei (n = 1). Multimammate mice (Mastomys natalensis and M. erythroleucus) were the most ubiquitously infected, with animals testing positive by either PCR or IgG in 7 out of the 11 localities sampled IgG prevalence in M. natalensis ranged from 1\% in Abagboro, 17-36\% in Eguare Egoro, Ekpoma and Ngel Nyaki, up to 52 \% in Mayo Ranewo. Prevalence according to locality, season and age was not, however, statistically significant for M. natalensis in Eguare Egoro and Ekpoma, localities that were sampled longitudinally. Conclusions: Overall, our study demonstrates that arenavirus occurrence is probably more widely distributed geographically and in extent of host taxa than is currently realized. This expanded scope should be taken into consideration in Lassa fever control efforts. further sampling should also be carried out to isolate and characterize potential arenaviruses present in small mammal populations we found to be seropositive.},
	journal = {Parasites \& Vectors},
	author = {Olayemi, Ayodeji and Oyeyiola, Akinlabi and Obadare, Adeoba and Igbokwe, Joseph and Adesina, Adetunji Samuel and Onwe, Francis and Ukwaja, Kingsley Nnanna and Ajayi, Nnennaya Anthony and Rieger, Toni and Guenther, Stephan and Fichet-Calvet, Elisabeth},
	month = jul,
	year = {2018},
	note = {WOS:000438712400010},
	keywords = {Animals, Seroepidemiologic Studies, small mammals, zoonoses, *Antibodies, Viral/bl [Blood], *Rodent Diseases/ep [Epidemiology], antibodies, immunofluorescence, Prevalence, seroprevalence, serology, Lassa fever, Rats, Mice, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, Rodents, Geography, disease prevalence, human diseases, IgG, geographical distribution, nucleotide sequences, screening, Arenaviridae Infections/vi [Virology], Rodentia/vi [Virology], Disease Reservoirs/vi [Virology], Nigeria/ep [Epidemiology], Arenaviridae Infections/ep [Epidemiology], Lassa virus/im [Immunology], *Arenaviridae Infections/ve [Veterinary], Arenavirus/im [Immunology], Lassa virus/ph [Physiology], incidence, Serology, Rodent Diseases/vi [Virology], RNA, Viral/ge [Genetics], DNA sequencing, *Arenaviridae Infections/bl [Blood], *Arenavirus/ph [Physiology], *Rodent Diseases/bl [Blood], buildings, Host, Insectivora/vi [Virology], seasons, Zoonotic virus},
	pages = {416},
	file = {Full Text:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/P2CGEI5C/Olayemi et al. - 2018 - Widespread arenavirus occurrence and seroprevalenc.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{ribas_whipworm_2017,
	title = {Whipworm diversity in {West} {African} rodents: a molecular approach and the description of {Trichuris} duplantieri n. sp ({Nematoda}: {Trichuridae})},
	volume = {116},
	issn = {0932-0113},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-017-5404-3},
	doi = {10.1007/s00436-017-5404-3},
	number = {4},
	journal = {Parasitology Research},
	author = {Ribas, Alexis and Diagne, Christophe and Tatard, Caroline and Diallo, Mamoudou and Poonlaphdecha, Srisupaph and Brouat, Carine},
	month = apr,
	year = {2017},
	keywords = {Africa, Western/ep [Epidemiology], Animals, Africa, Afrotropical region, Hosts, Land zones, Parasites, Parasites diseases and disorders, *Rodent Diseases/ps [Parasitology], Phylogeny, Rodent Diseases/ep [Epidemiology], prevalence, Rodents, West Africa, Mastomys huberti, Biometrics, Evolution, Genetics, Nomenclature, Systematics, *Rodentia/ps [Parasitology], *Phylogeny, New taxa, Helminth parasites, Gerbillus gerbillus, Parasite]., Arvicanthis niloticus, Mastomys erythroleucus, *Trichuriasis/ve [Veterinary], *Trichuris/ge [Genetics], 5.8S \& ITS-2 rDNA sequences, DNA, Ribosomal, Gerbilliscus gambianus, Gerbillus tarabuli, its1, Mastomys   natalensis [Nematode parasites / Trichuris / Host specificity, parasite diversity] [Africa / West Africa / ].    Gerbillus [Nematode parasites / Trichuris duplantieri / New parasite   species] [Mauritania /  / New nematode parasite species].    Trichuris [Biometrics / Morphometrics / host specificity, Trichuriasis/ep [Epidemiology], Trichuriasis/ps [Parasitology], Trichuris spp., Trichuris/cl [Classification], Trichurisspp.},
	pages = {1265--1271},
	file = {Ribas et al. - 2017 - Whipworm diversity in West African rodents a mole.pdf:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/FJSZXLI8/Ribas et al. - 2017 - Whipworm diversity in West African rodents a mole.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{sall-drame_variation_2010,
	title = {Variation in cestode assemblages of {Mastomys} and {Arvicanthis} species ({Rodents}: {Muridae}) from {Lake} {Retba} in {Western} {Senegal}.},
	volume = {96},
	issn = {0022-3395},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1645/GE-2437.1},
	doi = {10.1645/GE-2437.1},
	abstract = {We studied patterns of variation in cestode communities of 3 abundant rodent species that live in sympatry in the Niayes of the Retba Lake, Western Senegal. We evaluated whether the host species have the same parasites and, within host species, whether the variability in parasite community is related to intrinsic (sex, age of the host individual) or extrinsic (habitat, season) factors. Arvicanthis niloticus was parasitized by 2 cestode species, namely Inermicapsifer madagascariensis and the highly dominant Raillietina trapezoides. henna baeri was the only cestode species found in Mastomys erythroleucus, and there was no cestode in M. huberti. Prevalence and abundance levels of cestodes were very high in A. niloticus, especially in adults. Seasonal and habitat effects were found in both cestode communities of M. erythroleucus and A. niloticus. Local host specificity and abundance/prevalence levels suggested variations in the interaction between rodents and cestode intermediate host species among habitats and seasons.},
	number = {4},
	journal = {Journal of Parasitology},
	author = {Sall-Drame, R. and Brouat, C. and Ba, C. T. and Duplantier, J. M.},
	month = aug,
	year = {2010},
	note = {ZOOREC:ZOOR14702010180},
	keywords = {Animals, Ecosystem, Male, *Rodent Diseases/ps [Parasitology], Rodent Diseases/ep [Epidemiology], Female, Prevalence, Senegal/ep [Epidemiology], *Murinae/ps [Parasitology], *Cestoda/cl [Classification], *Cestode Infections/ve [Veterinary], Binomial Distribution, Cestoda/gd [Growth \& Development], Cestode Infections/ep [Epidemiology], Cestode Infections/ps [Parasitology], Chi-Square Distribution, Fresh Water, Intestines/ps [Parasitology]},
	pages = {675--680},
	file = {Sall-Drame et al. - 2010 - VARIATION IN CESTODE ASSEMBLAGES OF MASTOMYS AND A.pdf:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/ENLDPNUV/Sall-Drame et al. - 2010 - VARIATION IN CESTODE ASSEMBLAGES OF MASTOMYS AND A.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{diagne_usutu_2019,
	title = {Usutu {Virus} {Isolated} from {Rodents} in {Senegal}},
	volume = {11},
	issn = {1999-4915},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.3390/v11020181},
	doi = {10.3390/v11020181},
	abstract = {Usutu virus (USUV) is a Culex-associated mosquito-borne flavivirus of the Flaviviridae family. Since its discovery in 1959, the virus has been isolated from birds, arthropods and humans in Europe and Africa. An increasing number of Usutu virus infections in humans with neurological presentations have been reported. Recently, the virus has been detected in bats and horses, which deviates from the currently proposed enzootic cycle of USUV involving several different avian and mosquito species. Despite this increasing number of viral detections in different mammalian hosts, the existence of a non-avian reservoir remains unresolved. In Kedougou, a tropical region in the southeast corner of Senegal, Usutu virus was detected, isolated and sequenced from five asymptomatic small mammals: Two different rodent species and a single species of shrew. Additional molecular characterization and in vivo growth dynamics showed that these rodents/shrew-derived viruses are closely related to the reference strain (accession number: AF013412) and are as pathogenic as other characterized strains associated with neurological invasions in human. This is the first evidence of Usutu virus isolation from rodents or shrews. Our findings emphasize the need to consider a closer monitoring of terrestrial small mammals in future active surveillance, public health, and epidemiological efforts in response to USUV in both Africa and Europe.},
	number = {2},
	journal = {Viruses},
	author = {Diagne, Moussa Moise and Ndione, Marie Henriette Dior and Di Paola, Nicholas and Fall, Gamou and Bedekelabou, Andre Pouwedeou and Sembene, Pape Mbacke and Faye, Ousmane and Zanotto, Paolo Marinho de Andrade and Sall, Amadou Alpha},
	month = feb,
	year = {2019},
	note = {WOS:000460803200091},
	keywords = {Animals, vectors, epidemiology, Senegal, Mice, Polymerase Chain Reaction, human diseases, disease vectors, strains, RNA, Viral/ip [Isolation \& Purification], *Rodentia/vi [Virology], *Phylogeny, *Flavivirus Infections/ve [Veterinary], *Flavivirus/ge [Genetics], *Flavivirus/ip [Isolation \& Purification]},
	pages = {181},
	file = {Diagne et al. - 2019 - Supplementary:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/DI95M94F/Diagne et al. - 2019 - Supplementary.pdf:application/pdf;Full Text:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/KJVCBCTY/Diagne et al. - 2019 - Usutu Virus Isolated from Rodents in Senegal.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{dobigny_urban_2015,
	title = {Urban {Market} {Gardening} and {Rodent}-{Borne} {Pathogenic} {Leptospira} in {Arid} {Zones}: {A} {Case} {Study} in {Niamey}, {Niger}},
	volume = {9},
	issn = {1935-2727},
	shorttitle = {Urban {Market} {Gardening} and {Rodent}-{Borne} {Pathogenic} {Leptospira} in {Arid} {Zones}},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0004097},
	doi = {10.1371/journal.pntd.0004097},
	abstract = {Leptospirosis essentially affects human following contact with rodent urine-contaminated water. As such, it was mainly found associated with rice culture, recreational activities and flooding. This is also the reason why it has mainly been investigated in temperate as well as warm and humid regions, while arid zones have been only very occasionally monitored for this disease. In particular, data for West African countries are extremely scarce. Here, we took advantage of an extensive survey of urban rodents in Niamey, Niger, in order to look for rodent-borne pathogenic Leptospira species presence and distribution across the city. To do so, we used high throughput bacterial 16S-based metabarcoding, lipL32 gene-targeting RT-PCR, rrs gene sequencing and VNTR typing as well as GIS-based multivariate spatial analysis. Our results show that leptospires seem absent from the core city where usual Leptospira reservoir rodent species (namely R. rattus and M. natalensis) are yet abundant. On the contrary, L. kirschneri was detected in Arvicanthis niloticus and Cricetomys gambianus, two rodent species that are restricted to irrigated cultures within the city. Moreover, the VNTR profiles showed that rodent-borne leptospires in Niamey belong to previously undescribed serovars. Altogether, our study points towards the importance of market gardening in maintain and circulation of leptospirosis within Sahelian cities. In Africa, irrigated urban agriculture constitutes a pivotal source of food supply, especially in the context of the ongoing extensive urbanization of the continent. With this in mind, we speculate that leptospirosis may represent a zoonotic disease of concern also in arid regions that would deserve to be more rigorously surveyed, especially in urban agricultural settings., We surveyed rodent-borne Leptospira in rodents from Niamey, the capital town of Niger, using bacterial metabarcoding, RT-PCR, sequencing, VNTR typing and GIS-based geostatistics. Two new serovars of Leptospira kirschneri were identified in Arvicanthis niloticus and Cricetomys gambianus, two species that inhabit exclusively urban irrigated gardens. Since no rodent-borne leptospires could be found in the core city, our results point towards the importance of urban agriculture in the maintaining and the circulation of these bacteria in cities from semi-arid regions where they are usually poorly documented and even hardly looked for. Accordingly, this is one of the very rare mentions of these zoonotic agents in Sahel, and the first one in Niger. Keeping in mind the critical role of urban gardening for food security in extensively growing West African cities, we believe that leptospirosis should be more closely scrutinized in Sahelian countries where numerous cases of human fevers are of unknown origin.},
	number = {10},
	urldate = {2020-09-30},
	journal = {PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases},
	author = {Dobigny, Gauthier and Garba, Madougou and Tatard, Caroline and Loiseau, Anne and Galan, Max and Kadaouré, Ibrahima and Rossi, Jean-Pierre and Picardeau, Mathieu and Bertherat, Eric},
	month = oct,
	year = {2015},
	pmid = {26437456},
	pmcid = {PMC4593649; http://web.archive.org/web/20200930110847/https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4593649/},
	keywords = {bacterial diseases, vectors, zoonoses, hosts, arid zones, urine, leptospirosis, reservoir hosts, disease vectors, vector-borne diseases, nucleotide sequences, tropics, genes, disease distribution, serovars, urban agriculture},
	file = {Dobigny et al. - 2015 - Urban Market Gardening and Rodent-Borne Pathogenic.pdf:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/YQSRVRTN/Dobigny et al. - 2015 - Urban Market Gardening and Rodent-Borne Pathogenic.pdf:application/pdf;PubMed Central Full Text PDF:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/NKFY3KNJ/Dobigny et al. - 2015 - Urban Market Gardening and Rodent-Borne Pathogenic.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{ofori_urban_2018,
	title = {Urban green area provides refuge for native small mammal biodiversity in a rapidly expanding city in {Ghana}},
	volume = {190},
	issn = {0167-6369, 1573-2959},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-018-6858-1},
	doi = {10.1007/s10661-018-6858-1},
	language = {en},
	number = {8},
	urldate = {2021-03-08},
	journal = {Environmental Monitoring and Assessment},
	author = {Ofori, Benjamin Y. and Garshong, Reuben A. and Gbogbo, Francis and Owusu, Erasmus H. and Attuquayefio, Daniel K.},
	month = aug,
	year = {2018},
	pages = {480},
	file = {Ofori et al. - 2018 - Urban green area provides refuge for native small .pdf:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/WEZ89GKR/Ofori et al. - 2018 - Urban green area provides refuge for native small .pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{kronmann_two_2013,
	title = {Two {Novel} {Arenaviruses} {Detected} in {Pygmy} {Mice}, {Ghana}},
	volume = {19},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1911.121491},
	doi = {10.3201/eid1911.121491},
	abstract = {Two arenaviruses were detected in pygmy mice (Mus spp.) by screening 764 small mammals in Ghana. The Natal multimammate mouse (Mastomys natalensis), t...},
	language = {en-us},
	number = {11},
	urldate = {2020-10-21},
	journal = {Emerging Infectious Diseases},
	author = {Kronmann, Karl C. and Nimo-Paintsil, Shirley and Guirguis, Fady and Kronmann, Lisha C. and Bonney, Kofi and Obiri-Danso, Kwasi and Ampofo, William and Fichet-Calvet, Elisabeth},
	month = nov,
	year = {2013},
	keywords = {Animals, Rodentia, small mammals, vectors, zoonoses, Phylogeny, epidemiology, hosts, *Rodent Diseases/ep [Epidemiology], Lassa virus, Lassa fever, Mice, Molecular Sequence Data, detection, human diseases, reservoir hosts, disease vectors, screening, Ghana, Murinae, *Arenaviridae Infections/ve [Veterinary], Arenavirus/cl [Classification], *Disease Reservoirs/vi [Virology], viruses, west Africa, *Arenavirus/ge [Genetics], arenaviruses, emerging communicable diseases, Genes, Viral, Geography, Medical, Ghana/ep [Epidemiology], pygmy mice, reservoirs, Western Africa},
	file = {12-1491.pdf:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/YH8G75NL/12-1491.pdf:application/pdf;Full Text:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/5464ZV4L/Kronmann et al. - 2013 - Two Novel Arenaviruses Detected in Pygmy Mice, Gha.pdf:application/pdf;Full Text PDF:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/Q2JS4J5M/Kronmann et al. - Two Novel Arenaviruses Detected in Pygmy Mice, Gha.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/GDWFCH9N/12-1491_article.html:text/html},
}

@article{trape_tick-borne_1991,
	title = {Tick-borne {Borreliosis} in {West} {Africa}},
	volume = {337},
	issn = {0140-6736},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/0140-6736(91)93404-W},
	doi = {10.1016/0140-6736(91)93404-W},
	number = {8739},
	journal = {Lancet},
	author = {Trape, JF and Duplantier, JM and Bouganali, H and Godeluck, B and Legros, F and Cornet, JP and Camicas, JL},
	month = feb,
	year = {1991},
	keywords = {Animals, Child, Humans, Adolescent, Child, Preschool, Infant, *Ticks/mi [Microbiology], Rodentia/mi [Microbiology], Senegal/ep [Epidemiology], Infant, Newborn, Acute Disease, Sampling Studies, Insectivora/mi [Microbiology], Rural Health, Relapsing Fever/mi [Microbiology], *Borrelia/ip [Isolation \& Purification], *Relapsing Fever/ep [Epidemiology]},
	pages = {473--475},
	file = {TRAPE et al. - 1991 - TICK-BORNE BORRELIOSIS IN WEST AFRICA.pdf:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/IYQQYZK7/TRAPE et al. - 1991 - TICK-BORNE BORRELIOSIS IN WEST AFRICA.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{granjon_importance_2003,
	title = {The importance of cytotaxonomy in understanding the biogeography of {African} rodents: {Lake} {Chad} murids as an example},
	volume = {33},
	issn = {0305-1838},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2907.2003.00007.x},
	doi = {10.1046/j.1365-2907.2003.00007.x},
	number = {1},
	journal = {Mammal Review},
	author = {Granjon, L and Dobigny, G},
	month = mar,
	year = {2003},
	pages = {77--91},
	file = {Granjon and Dobigny - 2003 - The importance of cytotaxonomy in understanding th.pdf:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/95E5XE2W/Granjon and Dobigny - 2003 - The importance of cytotaxonomy in understanding th.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{durnez_terrestrial_2010,
	title = {Terrestrial {Small} {Mammals} as {Reservoirs} of {Mycobacterium} ulcerans in {Benin}},
	volume = {76},
	issn = {0099-2240, 1098-5336},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.00199-10},
	doi = {10.1128/AEM.00199-10},
	abstract = {ABSTRACT
            
              Mycobacterium ulcerans
              , the causative agent of Buruli ulcer (BU), is considered an environmental pathogen. Different mycobacteria were detected in 68 (12\%) out of 565 small mammals collected in areas in Benin where BU is endemic. Although
              M. ulcerans
              was not found, we suggest that more research on
              M. ulcerans
              in African (small) mammals is needed.},
	language = {en},
	number = {13},
	urldate = {2021-02-17},
	journal = {Applied and Environmental Microbiology},
	author = {Durnez, Lies and Suykerbuyk, Patrick and Nicolas, Violaine and Barrière, Patrick and Verheyen, Erik and Johnson, Christian R. and Leirs, Herwig and Portaels, Françoise},
	month = jul,
	year = {2010},
	keywords = {Animals, Humans, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Feces/mi [Microbiology], *Rodentia/mi [Microbiology], Benin/ep [Epidemiology], *Buruli Ulcer/tm [Transmission], *Disease Reservoirs/mi [Microbiology], *Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous/tm [Transmission], *Mycobacterium ulcerans/ip [Isolation \& Purification], *Shrews/mi [Microbiology], Buruli Ulcer/ep [Epidemiology], Buruli Ulcer/mi [Microbiology], Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous/ep [Epidemiology], Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous/mi [Microbiology], Mycobacterium ulcerans/ge [Genetics]},
	pages = {4574--4577},
	file = {Full Text:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/WNQN5IP3/Durnez et al. - 2010 - Terrestrial Small Mammals as Reservoirs of Mycobac.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{akpatou_terrestrial_2018,
	title = {Terrestrial small mammal diversity and abundance in {Taï} {National} {Park}, {Côte} d'{Ivoire}},
	volume = {3},
	issn = {2500008X},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.24189/ncr.2018.067},
	doi = {10.24189/ncr.2018.067},
	language = {en},
	number = {Suppl. 2},
	urldate = {2021-03-08},
	journal = {Nature Conservation Research},
	author = {Akpatou, Bertin K. and Bohoussou, Kouakou H. and Kadjo, Blaise and Nicolas, Violaine},
	year = {2018},
	file = {Félix Houphouët-Boigny University, Côte d'Ivoire et al. - 2018 - Terrestrial small mammal diversity and abundance i.pdf:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/4JSZ4CVN/Félix Houphouët-Boigny University, Côte d'Ivoire et al. - 2018 - Terrestrial small mammal diversity and abundance i.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{ahissa_species_2020,
	title = {Species composition and community structure of terrestrial small mammals in {Tanoé}-{Ehy} {Swamp} {Forest} ({South}-{East} {Ivory} {Coast}): implication for conservation},
	volume = {5},
	issn = {2500008X},
	shorttitle = {Species composition and community structure of terrestrial small mammals in {Tanoé}-{Ehy} {Swamp} {Forest} ({South}-{East} {Ivory} {Coast})},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.24189/ncr.2020.005},
	doi = {10.24189/ncr.2020.005},
	language = {en},
	number = {1},
	urldate = {2021-03-08},
	journal = {Nature Conservation Research},
	author = {Ahissa, Laurent and Akpatou, Bertin K. and {Félix Houphouët-Boigny University} and Bohoussou, Hilaire K. and {University of Man} and Kadjo, Blaise and {Félix Houphouët-Boigny University} and Koné, Inza and {Félix Houphouët-Boigny University} and {Swiss Centre for Scientific Research in Côte d’Ivoire} and {Swiss Centre for Scientific Research in Côte d’Ivoire}},
	year = {2020},
	file = {Félix Houphouët-Boigny University et al. - 2020 - Species composition and community structure of ter.pdf:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/98E8MDR7/Félix Houphouët-Boigny University et al. - 2020 - Species composition and community structure of ter.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{ofori_spatio-temporal_2016,
	title = {Spatio-temporal variation in small mammal species richness, relative abundance and body mass reveal changes in a coastal wetland ecosystem in {Ghana}},
	volume = {188},
	issn = {0167-6369},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-016-5320-5},
	doi = {10.1007/s10661-016-5320-5},
	abstract = {Coastal wetlands in Ghana are under severe threat of anthropogenic drivers of habitat degradation and climate change, thereby increasing the need for assessment and monitoring to inform targeted and effective conservation of these ecosystems. Here, we assess small mammal species richness, relative abundance and body mass in three habitats at the Muni-Pomadze Ramsar site of Ghana, and compare these to baseline data gathered in 1997 to evaluate changes in the wetland ecosystem. Small mammals were live-trapped using Sherman collapsible and pitfall traps. We recorded 84 individuals of 10 species in 1485 trap-nights, whereas the baseline study recorded 45 individuals of seven species in 986 trap-nights. The overall trap-success was therefore greater in the present study (5.66 \%) than the baseline study (4.56 \%). The species richness increased from one to four in the forest, and from zero to eight in the thicket, but decreased from six to four in the grassland. The total number of individuals increased in all habitats, with the dominant species in the grassland shifting from Lemniscomys striatus to Mastomys erythroleucus. Three species, Malacomys edwardsi, Grammomys poensis and Praomys tullbergi are the first records for the Muni-Pomadze Ramsar site. Generally, the average body mass of individual species in the grassland was lower in the present study. The considerable changes in small mammal community structure suggest changes in the wetland ecosystem. The conservation implications of our findings are discussed.},
	number = {6},
	journal = {ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT},
	author = {Ofori, Benjamin Y. and Attuquayefio, Daniel K. and Owusu, Erasmus H. and Musah, Yahaya and Ntiamoa-Baidu, Yaa},
	month = jun,
	year = {2016},
}

@article{mamba_small_2021,
	title = {Small mammals of a {West} {African} hotspot, the {Ziama}-{Wonegizi}-{Wologizi} transfrontier forest landscape},
	volume = {85},
	issn = {1864-1547, 0025-1461},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1515/mammalia-2020-0013},
	doi = {10.1515/mammalia-2020-0013},
	abstract = {Abstract
            
              The Upper Guinea rainforest zone in West Africa is considered a biodiversity hotspot and contains important habitats for threatened and endemic mammals, yet this region remains poorly known particularly for small mammals. The aim of this study was to survey small mammals in a Liberian and Guinean cross-border conservation area, the Ziama-Wonegizi-Wologizi landscape. We recorded a total of 52 small mammal species, including 26 bats, 15 rodents, 10 shrews, one otter-shrew, of which one rodent species was new to science (
              Colomys
              sp. nov.). We also documented the first country records of the bats
              Chaerephon aloysiisabaudiae
              ,
              Pseudoromicia brunnea
              and
              Pipistrellus inexspectatus
              from Guinea, and the shrews
              Crocidura douceti
              and
              Crocidura grandiceps
              from Liberia. Furthermore, we recorded the recently described bat
              Nycticeinops
              happoldorum
              from Wologizi and Ziama, and we documented the presence of
              Micropotamogale lamottei
              at Wologizi, which represents the fourth known locality for this globally threatened species. Finally, the forests of Wologizi and Ziama support numerous threatened species. The results of our survey demonstrate the importance of this region for small mammals and support the creation of a transboundary protected area that will encompass the entire forest landscape.},
	language = {en},
	number = {2},
	urldate = {2021-03-08},
	journal = {Mammalia},
	author = {Mamba, Mnqobi L. and Dalton, Desire L. and Mahlaba, Themb’alilahlwa A. M. and Kropff, Anna S. and Monadjem, Ara},
	month = mar,
	year = {2021},
	pages = {127--144},
	file = {Mamba et al. - 2021 - Small mammals of a West African hotspot, the Ziama.pdf:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/2R48K6BM/Mamba et al. - 2021 - Small mammals of a West African hotspot, the Ziama.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{decher_small_2010,
	title = {Small mammal survey in the upper {Seli} {River} valley, {Sierra} {Leone}},
	volume = {74},
	issn = {0025-1461},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1515/MAMM.2010.026},
	doi = {10.1515/MAMM.2010.026},
	number = {2},
	journal = {Mammalia},
	author = {Decher, Jan and Norris, Ryan W. and Fahr, Jakob},
	month = jun,
	year = {2010},
	keywords = {Rodentia, Chiroptera, West Africa, Soricomorpha, Bumbuna Hydroelectric Project, Rhinolophus ziama},
	pages = {163--176},
	file = {Decher et al. - 2010 - Small mammal survey in the upper Seli River valley.pdf:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/PF5WWS9W/Decher et al. - 2010 - Small mammal survey in the upper Seli River valley.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{nicolas_small_2020,
	title = {Small mammal inventory in the {Lama} forest reserve (south {Benin}), with new cytogenetical data},
	volume = {69},
	issn = {2694-7684},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.25225/jvb.20009},
	doi = {10.25225/jvb.20009},
	number = {2},
	journal = {Journal of Vertebrate Biology},
	author = {Nicolas, Violaine and Gerbault-Seureau, Michele and Delapre, Arnaud and Bed'hom, Bertrand},
	month = jun,
	year = {2020},
	keywords = {rodents, West Africa, shrews, Dahomey Gap, karyotype, species inventory},
	file = {Full Text:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/KAXTUWHW/Nicolas et al. - 2020 - Small mammal inventory in the Lama forest reserve .pdf:application/pdf;Nicolas et al. - 2020 - Small mammal inventory in the Lama forest reserve .pdf:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/X9GPNDAN/Nicolas et al. - 2020 - Small mammal inventory in the Lama forest reserve .pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{diagne_serological_2017,
	title = {Serological {Survey} of {Zoonotic} {Viruses} in {Invasive} and {Native} {Commensal} {Rodents} in {Senegal}, {West} {Africa}},
	volume = {17},
	issn = {1530-3667},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1089/vbz.2017.2135},
	doi = {10.1089/vbz.2017.2135},
	number = {10},
	journal = {Vector Borne and Zoonotic Diseases},
	author = {Diagne, Christophe A. and Charbonnel, Nathalie and Henttonen, Heikki and Sironen, Tarja and Brouat, Carine},
	month = oct,
	year = {2017},
	keywords = {Animals, Seroepidemiologic Studies, Africa, Afrotropical region, infections, Land zones, Parasites diseases and disorders, surveys, techniques, Transmission, zoonoses, Rodent Diseases/ep [Epidemiology], Zoonoses, antibodies, health, public health, serological surveys, transmission, serology, rodents, Hantavirus, detection, animal diseases, viral diseases, infectious diseases, Diseases and disorders, Microbial   diseases, research, Orthopoxvirus, *Viruses/ip [Isolation \& Purification], *Virus Diseases/ve [Veterinary], Senegal/ep [Epidemiology], *Rodentia/vi [Virology], *Rodent Diseases/vi [Virology], Mastomys erythroleucus, Mammarenavirus, Virus Diseases/ep [Epidemiology], Virus Diseases/vi [Virology], *biological invasions, *Hantavirus, *Mammarenavirus, *Orthopoxvirus, *rodents, *serology, antibody testing, biological invasions, mixed infections, Mus musculus domesticus [Viral diseases /   Hantavirus / New record] [ /  / Prevalence, reservoir   host] [ / Mammarenavirus / invasive vs native species] [ / Orthopoxvirus   / ] [Transmission of viruses /  / ] [ /  / ] [ /  / ] [ /  / ] [Senegal   /  / ] [ /  / ].    Mastomys natalensis [Viral diseases / Hantavirus / Prevalence, reservoir   host] [ / Mammarenavirus / transmission] [ / Orthopoxvirus / invasive vs   native species] [Transmission of viruses /  / ] [ /  / ] [ /  / ]   [Senegal /  / ].    Rattus rattus [Viral diseases / Hantavirus / Prevalence, Rodentia (Mammalia): [New record].    Mastomys erythroleucus (Muridae): [New record].    Mastomys natalensis (Muridae).    Mus musculus domesticus (Muridae): [New record].    Rattus rattus (Muridae): [New record]., transmission]   [Transmission of viruses /  / ] [Senegal /  / ]., Viruses/cl [Classification]},
	pages = {730--733},
	file = {Diagne et al. - 2017 - Serological Survey of Zoonotic Viruses in Invasive.pdf:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/MYTN6DE6/Diagne et al. - 2017 - Serological Survey of Zoonotic Viruses in Invasive.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{catalano_rodents_2019,
	title = {Rodents of {Senegal} and their role as intermediate hosts of {Hydatigera} spp. ({Cestoda}: {Taeniidae}).},
	volume = {146},
	issn = {1469-8161},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1017/S0031182018001427},
	doi = {10.1017/S0031182018001427},
	abstract = {Hydatigera (Cestoda: Taeniidae) is a recently resurrected genus including species seldom investigated in sub-Saharan Africa. We surveyed wild small mammal populations in the areas of Richard Toll and Lake Guiers, Senegal, with the objective to evaluate their potential role as intermediate hosts of larval taeniid stages (i.e. metacestodes). Based on genetic sequences of a segment of the mitochondrial DNA gene cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI), we identified Hydatigera parva metacestodes in 19 out of 172 (11.0\%) Hubert's multimammate mice (Mastomys huberti) and one out of six (16.7\%) gerbils (Taterillus sp.) and Hydatigera taeniaeformis sensu stricto metacestodes in one out of 215 (0.5\%) Nile rats (Arvicanthis niloticus). This study reports epidemiological and molecular information on H. parva and H. taeniaeformis in West African rodents, further supporting the phylogeographic hypothesis on the African origin of H. parva. Our findings may indicate significant trophic interactions contributing to the local transmission of Hydatigera spp. and other parasites with similar life-cycle mechanisms. We therefore propose that further field investigations of rodent population dynamics and rodent-borne infectious organisms are necessary to improve our understanding of host-parasite associations driving the transmission risks of rodent parasites in West Africa.},
	number = {3},
	journal = {Parasitology},
	author = {Catalano, Stefano and Ba, Khalilou and Diouf, Nicolas D and Leger, Elsa and Verocai, Guilherme G and Webster, Joanne P},
	year = {2019},
	note = {Place: England
Catalano, Stefano. Centre for Emerging, Endemic and Exotic Diseases (CEEED),Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences,The Royal Veterinary College, University of London,Hatfield AL9 7TA,UK.
Ba, Khalilou. Centre de Biologie et de Gestion des Populations (CBGP),Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement (IRD),Campus ISRA-IRD Bel Air, Dakar BP1386,Senegal.
Diouf, Nicolas D. Unite de Formation et de Recherche (UFR) des Sciences Agronomiques, d'Aquaculture et de Technologies Alimentaires (S2ATA), Universite Gaston Berger,Saint-Louis BP234,Senegal.
Leger, Elsa. Centre for Emerging, Endemic and Exotic Diseases (CEEED),Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences,The Royal Veterinary College, University of London,Hatfield AL9 7TA,UK.
Verocai, Guilherme G. Department of Infectious Diseases,College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia,Athens, GA 30602,USA.
Webster, Joanne P. Centre for Emerging, Endemic and Exotic Diseases (CEEED),Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences,The Royal Veterinary College, University of London,Hatfield AL9 7TA,UK.},
	keywords = {Animals, Africa, Afrotropical region, Hosts, Land zones, Parasites, Parasites diseases and disorders, Transmission, Ecology, parasites, *Rodent Diseases/ep [Epidemiology], Rodent Diseases/ps [Parasitology], transmission, Species Specificity, West Africa, *Murinae, Mastomys huberti, wildlife, Biometrics, Genetics, Senegal/ep [Epidemiology], Reproduction, Phylogeography, Helminth parasites, Arvicanthis niloticus, *Cestode Infections/ve [Veterinary], Cestode Infections/ep [Epidemiology], Cestode Infections/ps [Parasitology], *Cestoda/ph [Physiology], *Gerbillinae, *Host-Parasite Interactions, Cestoda/ge [Genetics], Community   structure, Crocidura, Crocidura (Soricidae): [Host].    Arvicanthis niloticus (Muridae): [Host].    Mastomys huberti (Muridae): [Host].    Taterillus (Muridae): [Host].    Hydatigera (Cestoda): [Parasite]., DNA, Helminth/ad [Administration \& Dosage], DNA, Mitochondrial/ad [Administration \& Dosage], Electron Transport Complex IV/ad [Administration \& Dosage], Hydatigera parva, Hydatigera taeniaeformis, Taeniidae, Taterillus, Taterillus [Age /  /   prevalence},
	pages = {299--304},
	file = {_div_class__title__Rodents_of_Senegal_and_their_role_as_intermediate_hosts_of__span_class__italic__Hydatigera__span__spp___Cestoda__Taeniidae___div_.pdf:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/BN965UPB/_div_class__title__Rodents_of_Senegal_and_their_role_as_intermediate_hosts_of__span_class__italic__Hydatigera__span__spp___Cestoda__Taeniidae___div_.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{duplantier_rodents_2000,
	title = {Rodents as reservoir hosts in the transmission of {Schistosoma} mansoni in {Richard}-{Toll}, {Senegal}, {West} {Africa}},
	volume = {74},
	issn = {0022-149X},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022149X00000172},
	doi = {10.1017/S0022149X00000172},
	number = {2},
	journal = {Journal of Helminthology},
	author = {Duplantier, JM and Sene, M},
	month = jun,
	year = {2000},
	keywords = {Animals, Humans, *Disease Reservoirs, Africa, Afrotropical region, Hosts, Male, Parasites, Parasites diseases and disorders, Transmission, Ecology, Female, *Rodent Diseases/ep [Epidemiology], Prevalence, Rodent Diseases/ps [Parasitology], Rodentia/ps [Parasitology], Species Specificity, Sex Distribution, Land   zones, Feces/ps [Parasitology], Parasite Egg Count, Senegal/ep [Epidemiology], Age Distribution, Helminth parasites, Population dynamics, Liver/ps [Parasitology], Taterillus gracilis, Arvicanthis niloticus, Population structure, *Schistosomiasis mansoni/tm [Transmission], *Schistosomiasis mansoni/ve [Veterinary], Digenean parasite prevalence \& sex ratio, Mastomys huberti [Digenean parasites /  /   Schistosoma mansoni, parasite   sex ratio \& reservoir hosts identified] [Transmission by /  /   Arvicanthis niloticus \& Mastomys huberti (Mammalia), parasite sex ratio \& reservoir host   identified, parasite sex ratio \& reservoir hosts identified] [Senegal /  /   Richard-Toll, Prevalence in mammalian hosts, Probable reservoir   host role] [Population sex ratio /  / ] [Senegal /  / Richard-Toll, Reservoir host role].    Mus musculus, role as   reservoir hosts].    Schistosoma mansoni [Mammalian hosts /  / Rodentia, Schistosoma mansoni/ip [Isolation \& Purification], Schistosomiasis mansoni/ep [Epidemiology], Senegal] [Transmission of parasites /  / Schistosoma mansoni   (Digenea), Senegal].    Rodentia [Digenean parasites /  / Schistosoma mansoni, sex ratio \& reservoir hosts identified]., Taterillus pygargus [Digenean   parasites /  / Schistosoma mansoni},
	pages = {129--135},
	file = {Duplantier and Sene - 2000 - Rodents as reservoir hosts in the transmission of .pdf:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/8M5824NR/Duplantier and Sene - 2000 - Rodents as reservoir hosts in the transmission of .pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{dahmana_rodents_2020,
	title = {Rodents as {Hosts} of {Pathogens} and {Related} {Zoonotic} {Disease} {Risk}},
	volume = {9},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens9030202},
	doi = {10.3390/pathogens9030202},
	number = {3},
	journal = {Pathogens},
	author = {Dahmana, Handi and Granjon, Laurent and Diagne, Christophe and Davoust, Bernard and Fenollar, Florence and Mediannikov, Oleg},
	month = mar,
	year = {2020},
	keywords = {Borrelia crocidurae, rodents, Bartonella, zoonotic disease, Anaplasmataceae, Hepatozoon, pathogens host, Piroplasmida},
	file = {Dahmana et al. - 2020 - Rodents as Hosts of Pathogens and Related Zoonotic.pdf:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/RDRBT7C8/Dahmana et al. - 2020 - Rodents as Hosts of Pathogens and Related Zoonotic.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{kamani_prevalence_2018,
	title = {Prevalence of {Hepatozoon} and {Sarcocystis} spp. in rodents and their ectoparasites in {Nigeria}},
	volume = {187},
	issn = {0001706X},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actatropica.2018.07.028},
	doi = {10.1016/j.actatropica.2018.07.028},
	abstract = {Using polymerase chain reaction targeting the 18S rRNA gene and DNA sequencing the prevalence and diversity of Apicomplexa and Piroplasmida infections in rodents from Nigeria was studied. Overall, 13 of 194 (7.7\%) rodent blood samples tested were positive for Hepatozoon spp. while 2 (1.0\%) were positive for Sarcocystis dispersa. Hepatozoon spp. DNA was detected in all the rodentspecies tested except Neotoma spp., and was most prevalent (50\%) in the African giant rat (Cricetomys gambianus), followed by Mus musculus (18.2\%), Rattus rattus (6.3\%) and Rattus norvegicus (4.1\%). The Hepatozoon spp. DNA sequences from the rodents were 98–100\% identical to each other and to Hepatozoon spp. DNA sequence from small mammals deposited in GenBank. Five of the sequences from R. rattus (n = 2) and R. norvegicus (n = 3) were 98–99\% identical to Hepatozoon felis (KY649442.1). Sarcocystis dispersa DNA was detected in one R. rattus (2.1\%) and one R. norvegicus (0.8\%). These findings suggest that rodents are involved in endemic cycles of Hepatozoon spp. and Sarcocystis spp. agents of veterinary importance.},
	language = {en},
	urldate = {2021-03-08},
	journal = {Acta Tropica},
	author = {Kamani, Joshua and Harrus, Shimon and Nachum-Biala, Yaarit and Gutiérrez, Ricardo and Mumcuoglu, Kosta Y. and Baneth, Gad},
	month = nov,
	year = {2018},
	pages = {124--128},
	file = {Kamani et al. - 2018 - Prevalence of Hepatozoon and Sarcocystis spp. in r.pdf:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/2A2V8QJJ/Kamani et al. - 2018 - Prevalence of Hepatozoon and Sarcocystis spp. in r.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{attuquayefio_preliminary_2005,
	title = {Preliminary biodiversity assessment (herpetofauna and mammals) of a coastal wetland in the {Volta} region, {Ghana}},
	volume = {45},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.4314/gjs.v45i1.15906},
	doi = {10.4314/gjs.v45i1.15906},
	journal = {Ghana Journal of Science},
	author = {Attuquayefio, D. K. and Raxworthy, C. J. and Ryan, J. M.},
	year = {2005},
	pages = {19--26},
	file = {15906-Article Text-27425-1-10-20060925.pdf:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/STN5ZLAB/15906-Article Text-27425-1-10-20060925.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{granjon_population_2005,
	title = {Population dynamics of the multimammate rat {Mastomys} huberti in an annually flooded agricultural region of central {Mali}},
	volume = {86},
	issn = {0022-2372},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1644/1545-1542(2005)86[997:PDOTMR]2.0.CO;2},
	doi = {10.1644/1545-1542(2005)86[997:PDOTMR]2.0.CO;2},
	abstract = {A capture-mark-release program was run for 3 years in a rice-growing area of the inner delta of the Niger River in central Mali to monitor population dynamics of a major pest species, the multimammate rat Mastomys huberti. The abundance pattern showed a phase of low-to-medium abundances (June 2000-March 2002) leading to a peak (October 2002) followed by a dramatic crash ending in total Population disappearance induced by general flooding of the area in October 2003. Reproduction started well after the end of the rainy season, contrary to observations for this genus elsewhere. Survival was very low between the end of the rainy season and the middle of the dry season, then high during the rest of the dry season. The annual flood of the Niger River was found to have a major influence oil Population and spatial dynamics of M. huberti in this area by eliminating available ground surface in high-flood years, thus causing local extinction, and by delaying the onset of reproduction to the beginning of the dry season. Overall, the dynamics of multimammate rats in the inner delta of the Niger River appeared to be linked to rainfall and flooding patterns in a complex way. Maximum demographic growth appeared to be associated with intermediate levels of flood height, consistent with the intermediate disturbance hypothesis.},
	number = {5},
	journal = {JOURNAL OF MAMMALOGY},
	author = {Granjon, L and Cosson, JF and Quesseveur, E and Sicard, B},
	month = oct,
	year = {2005},
	pages = {997--1008},
	file = {Granjon et al. - 2005 - Population dynamics of the multimammate rat Mastom.pdf:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/C33YCE2K/Granjon et al. - 2005 - Population dynamics of the multimammate rat Mastom.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{angelici_patterns_2005,
	title = {Patterns of specific diversity and population size in small mammals from arboreal and ground-dwelling guilds of a forest area in southern {Nigeria}},
	volume = {265},
	issn = {0952-8369, 1469-7998},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1017/S0952836904005977},
	doi = {10.1017/S0952836904005977},
	abstract = {The small mammal fauna of a forest area in southern Nigeria is studied in order to understand the general patterns regulating the community composition. A set of different methods of trapping was used in order to evaluate the composition of the species at the level of both the ground-dwelling and the arboreal guilds. For the Insectivora, six shrew species were trapped, but only two (Crocidura nigeriae and C. poensis) appeared abundant and widespread in the various habitat types. No arboreal species were found. For the rodents, 17 species were captured, which were arranged by a Principal Component Analysis into four groups: (1) Rattus rattus and Anomalurus derbianus; (2) Xerus erythropus and Grammomys rutilans; (3) Graphiurus cf. murinus and Hylomyscus stella; (4) the remaining, more generalist species. For the ground-dwelling rodents, 14 species were found, which were arranged in three groups: (1) Malacomys edwardsi and Grammomys sp.; (2) Mylomys dybowskii and Rattus norvegicus; (3) all the other species, with stronger similarities between Praomys tullbergi, Mus musculoides, Aethomys sp. (unknown), and Lemniscomys striatus. Although an approximately equal number of species constituted the arboreal and grounddwelling rodent fauna, the number of trapped animals was much higher on the ground than at the level of the arboreal guild (ratio 8.7: 1; total n = 2322). The general implications of the patterns observed are discussed.},
	language = {en},
	number = {1},
	urldate = {2021-03-08},
	journal = {Journal of Zoology},
	author = {Angelici, Francesco M. and Luiselli, Luca},
	month = jan,
	year = {2005},
	pages = {9--16},
	file = {Angelici and Luiselli - 2005 - Patterns of specific diversity and population size.pdf:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/PDN4CRUZ/Angelici and Luiselli - 2005 - Patterns of specific diversity and population size.pdf:application/pdf;patterns-of-specific-diversity-and-population-size-in-small-mammals-from-arboreal-and-ground-dwelling-guilds-of-a-forest-area-in-southern-nigeria (1).pdf:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/P24WVNV8/patterns-of-specific-diversity-and-population-size-in-small-mammals-from-arboreal-and-ground-dwelling-guilds-of-a-forest-area-in-southern-nigeria (1).pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{houemenou_pathogenic_2019,
	title = {Pathogenic {Leptospira} in {Commensal} {Small} {Mammals} from the {Extensively} {Urbanized} {Coastal} {Benin}},
	volume = {3},
	issn = {2413-8851},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.3390/urbansci3030099},
	doi = {10.3390/urbansci3030099},
	abstract = {Leptospirosis is caused by spirochete bacteria of the genus Leptospira that affect one million and kill 60,000 persons annually in the world, who get infected through environmental mammal-excreted (notably rodent) pathogens. Using qPCR and DNA sequencing approaches, we here examine Leptospira occurrence and diversity in 971 commensal small mammals in urban and peri-urban habitats from south Benin, where socio-environmental conditions are favorable for human contamination. Prevalence reached 12.9\% on average, but showed very important variations in both space and time, thus pointing toward a role of local processes in the maintenance and circulation of rodent-borne leptospires in the area. Prevalence peaks may occur during or one month after moderate (100–200 mm) monthly rainfall, suggesting that rodent-borne leptospires may be more prevalent when standing waters are present, but not at their highest levels (i.e., floods). However, this pattern will have to be confirmed through proper diachronic analysis. Finally, an incomplete but significant host-specificity was observed, with L. kirschneri retrieved only in African shrews, and the invasive Rattus norvegicus and the native Mastomys natalensis preferentially infected by L. interrogans and L. borgpeterseni, respectively. Our study highlights the urgent need for investigations on human leptospirosis in the extensively urbanized Abidjan–Lagos corridor.},
	language = {en},
	number = {3},
	urldate = {2021-03-08},
	journal = {Urban Science},
	author = {{Houéménou} and {Gauthier} and {Etougbeétché} and {Badou} and {Dossou} and {Agossou} and {Picardeau} and {Dobigny}},
	month = sep,
	year = {2019},
	pages = {99},
	file = {Full Text:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/GEJNLHMD/Houéménou et al. - 2019 - Pathogenic Leptospira in Commensal Small Mammals f.pdf:application/pdf;urbansci-03-00099-v2.pdf:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/WIDCAFKF/urbansci-03-00099-v2.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{coulibaly-ngolo_novel_2011,
	title = {Novel {Arenavirus} {Sequences} in {Hylomyscus} sp. and {Mus} ({Nannomys}) setulosus from {Cote} d'{Ivoire}: {Implications} for {Evolution} of {Arenaviruses} in {Africa}},
	volume = {6},
	issn = {1932-6203},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0020893},
	doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0020893},
	number = {6},
	journal = {PLoS ONE},
	author = {Coulibaly-N'Golo, David and Allali, Bernard and Kouassi, Stephane K. and Fichet-Calvet, Elisabeth and Becker-Ziaja, Beate and Rieger, Toni and Oelschlaeger, Stephan and Dosso, Hernri and Denys, Christiane and ter Meulen, Jan and Akoua-Koffi, Chantal and Guenther, Stephan},
	month = jun,
	year = {2011},
	file = {Full Text:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/HQMVEH8C/Coulibaly-N'Golo et al. - 2011 - Novel Arenavirus Sequences in Hylomyscus sp. and M.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{olayemi_new_2016,
	title = {New {Hosts} of {The} {Lassa} {Virus}},
	volume = {6},
	copyright = {2016 The Author(s)},
	issn = {2045-2322},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1038/srep25280},
	doi = {10.1038/srep25280},
	abstract = {Lassa virus (LASV) causes a deadly haemorrhagic fever in humans, killing several thousand people in West Africa annually. For 40 years, the Natal multimammate rat, Mastomys natalensis, has been assumed to be the sole host of LASV. We found evidence that LASV is also hosted by other rodent species: the African wood mouse Hylomyscus pamfi in Nigeria, and the Guinea multimammate mouse Mastomys erythroleucus in both Nigeria and Guinea. Virus strains from these animals were isolated in the BSL-4 laboratory and fully sequenced. Phylogenetic analyses of viral genes coding for glycoprotein, nucleoprotein, polymerase and matrix protein show that Lassa strains detected in M. erythroleucus belong to lineages III and IV. The strain from H. pamfi clusters close to lineage I (for S gene) and between II \& III (for L gene). Discovery of new rodent hosts has implications for LASV evolution and its spread into new areas within West Africa.},
	language = {en},
	number = {1},
	urldate = {2020-10-21},
	journal = {Scientific Reports},
	author = {Olayemi, Ayodeji and Cadar, Daniel and Magassouba, N’Faly and Obadare, Adeoba and Kourouma, Fode and Oyeyiola, Akinlabi and Fasogbon, Samuel and Igbokwe, Joseph and Rieger, Toni and Bockholt, Sabrina and Jérôme, Hanna and Schmidt-Chanasit, Jonas and Garigliany, Mutien and Lorenzen, Stephan and Igbahenah, Felix and Fichet, Jean-Nicolas and Ortsega, Daniel and Omilabu, Sunday and Günther, Stephan and Fichet-Calvet, Elisabeth},
	month = may,
	year = {2016},
	note = {Number: 1
Publisher: Nature Publishing Group},
	keywords = {Animals, Africa, Afrotropical region, Land zones, Parasites diseases and disorders, Phylogeny, hosts, Nigeria, Guinea, phylogeny, Genotype, Sequence Analysis, DNA, human diseases, haemorrhagic fevers, taxonomy, genes, molecular genetics, glycoproteins, matrix proteins, nucleoproteins, Diseases and disorders, Microbial   diseases, Lassa virus/ge [Genetics], Lassa virus/cl [Classification], *Murinae/vi [Virology], *Lassa virus/ph [Physiology], *Lassa virus/ip [Isolation \& Purification], *Host Specificity, fever, Hylomyscus pamfi, Hylomyscus pamfi (Muridae): [New record].    Mastomys erythroleucus (Muridae): [New record]., Mastomys erythroleucus [Viral diseases / Lassa virus /   New record] [Africa / West Africa / ]., molecular taxonomy, new host records},
	pages = {25280},
	file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/VMGKRHH4/Olayemi et al. - 2016 - New Hosts of The Lassa Virus.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{dobigny_molecular_2011,
	title = {Molecular survey of rodent-borne {Trypanosoma} in {Niger} with special emphasis on {T}. lewisi imported by invasive black rats},
	volume = {117},
	issn = {0001706X},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actatropica.2010.11.004},
	doi = {10.1016/j.actatropica.2010.11.004},
	language = {en},
	number = {3},
	urldate = {2021-04-10},
	journal = {Acta Tropica},
	author = {Dobigny, Gauthier and Poirier, Philippe and Hima, Karmadine and Cabaret, Odile and Gauthier, Philippe and Tatard, Caroline and Costa, Jean-Marc and Bretagne, Stéphane},
	month = mar,
	year = {2011},
	pages = {183--188},
}

@article{coe_mammalian_1975,
	title = {Mammalian ecological studies on {Mount} {Nimba}, {Liberia}.},
	volume = {39},
	issn = {0025-1461},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1515/mamm.1975.39.4.523},
	doi = {10.1515/mamm.1975.39.4.523},
	number = {4},
	journal = {Mammalia},
	author = {Coe, M},
	year = {1975},
	note = {Place: France},
	keywords = {Animals, Male, Ecology, Female, Pregnancy, Liberia, *Mammals/ph [Physiology], Artiodactyla/ph [Physiology], Carnivora/ph [Physiology], Cercopithecus/ph [Physiology], Chiroptera/ph [Physiology], Galago/ph [Physiology], Mice/ph [Physiology], Pan troglodytes/ph [Physiology], Rats/ph [Physiology], Rodentia/ph [Physiology], Sciuridae/ph [Physiology], Shrews/ph [Physiology]},
	pages = {523--88},
	file = {Coe - 1975 - Mammalian ecological studies on Mount Nimba, Liber.pdf:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/3GQ77QV2/Coe - 1975 - Mammalian ecological studies on Mount Nimba, Liber.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{houemenou_leptospira_2013,
	title = {Leptospira spp. {Prevalence} in {Small} {Mammal} {Populations} in {Cotonou}, {Benin}},
	volume = {2013},
	issn = {2090-942X},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.5402/2013/502638},
	doi = {10.5402/2013/502638},
	abstract = {The aim of this study was to assess the
              Leptospira
              prevalence in small animals in Cotonou, the capital of Benin. Rodents and shrews were captured in urban and periurban settings and determined as species of the genera
              Rattus, Mastomys,
              and
              Crocidura
              . Kidney specimens of 90 animals were examined using a real-time PCR assay specific for leptospires that belong to pathogenic species. Leptospiral DNA was amplified from kidney tissues  ranging from 13.3\% (8/60) in
              Rattus rattus
              to 100.0\% (1/1) in
              Crocidura
              spp. with an average of 18.9\% (17/90) of the animals caught at 15 locations. Clade-specific Taqman PCR on 10 samples placed six of these within clade 1 comprising the species
              L. kirschneri
              ,
              L. interrogans, L. meyeri
              , and
              L. noguchii
              and four within clade 2 consisting of species
              L. weilii, L. alexanderi, L. borgpetersenii
              , and
              L. santarosai
              . Phylogenetic analysis of partial sequences of the amplicons of seven samples of these 10 samples revealed that four of the clade 1 samples could equally be assigned to
              L. interrogans
              and
              L. kirschneri
              and three samples from clade 2 belonged to
              L. borgpetersenii
              . Results presented in the paper indicate that small mammals present a major public health risk for acquiring leptospirosis in Cotonou, Benin and will contribute to a raised awareness amongst health care workers and decision makers and hence promote appropriate clinical management of cases.},
	language = {en},
	urldate = {2021-03-08},
	journal = {ISRN Epidemiology},
	author = {Houemenou, G. and Ahmed, A. and Libois, R. and Hartskeerl, R. A.},
	month = mar,
	year = {2013},
	pages = {1--8},
	file = {Houemenou et al. - 2013 - Leptospira spp. Prevalence in Small Mammal .pdf:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/5RB4MX64/Houemenou et al. - 2013 - Leptospira spp. Prevalence in Small Mammal .pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{karan_lassa_2019,
	title = {Lassa {Virus} in the {Host} {Rodent} {Mastomys} {Natalensis} within {Urban} {Areas} of {N}’zerekore, {Guinea}},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1101/616466},
	doi = {10.1101/616466},
	abstract = {Lassa virus is the causative agent of a dangerous zoonotic disease distributed in West Africa. A primary reservoir host of Lassa virus is Mastomys natalensis. These mice associate closely with humans and are commonly found in villages. Consequently, previous studies of Lassa virus have focused on rural areas. The prevalence of the virus in large cities has not been studied.},
	language = {en},
	urldate = {2021-03-03},
	journal = {bioRxiv},
	author = {Karan, Ls and Makenov, Mt and Korneev, Mg and Sacko, N and Boumbaly, S and Bayandin, Rb and Gladysheva, Av and Kourouma, K and Toure, Ah and Kartashov, MYu and Shipovalov, Av and Porshakov, Am and Koulibaly, M and Boiro, My},
	month = may,
	year = {2019},
	doi = {10.1101/616466},
	file = {Karan et al. - 2019 - Lassa Virus in the Host Rodent Mastomys Natalen.pdf:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/CU4E25JU/Karan et al. - 2019 - Lassa Virus in the Host Rodent Mastomys Natalen.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{yadouleton_lassa_2019,
	title = {Lassa {Virus} in {Pygmy} {Mice}, {Benin}, 2016–2017},
	volume = {25},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2510.180523},
	doi = {10.3201/eid2510.180523},
	abstract = {Lassa virus has been identified in 3 pygmy mice, Mus baoulei, in central Benin. The glycoprotein and nucleoprotein sequences cluster with the Togo str...},
	language = {en-us},
	number = {10},
	urldate = {2020-10-21},
	journal = {Emerging Infectious Diseases},
	author = {Yadouleton, Anges and Agolinou, Achaz and Kourouma, Fodé and Saizonou, Raoul and Pahlmann, Meike and Bedié, Sonia Kossou and Bankolé, Honoré and Becker-Ziaja, Beate and Gbaguidi, Fernand and Thielebein, Anke and Magassouba, N’Faly and Duraffour, Sophie and Baptiste, Jean-Pierre and Günther, Stephan and Fichet-Calvet, Elisabeth},
	month = oct,
	year = {2019},
	keywords = {Animals, Humans, Phylogeny, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, Lassa virus/ge [Genetics], *Lassa virus, Lassa Fever/ep [Epidemiology], Disease Reservoirs/vi [Virology], Benin, *Lassa Fever/ve [Veterinary], *Mice/vi [Virology], Rats/vi [Virology]},
	file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/RTZ472PC/Yadouleton et al. - Lassa Virus in Pygmy Mice, Benin, 2016–2017 - Volu.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/2BD5TTWP/18-0523_article.html:text/html;Snapshot:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/WCPQS2ST/18-0523_article.html:text/html;Yadouleton et al. - 2019 - Lassa Virus in Pygmy Mice, Benin, 2016–2017.pdf:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/Q8FTYPRN/Yadouleton et al. - 2019 - Lassa Virus in Pygmy Mice, Benin, 2016–2017.pdf:application/pdf;Yadouleton et al. - 2019 - Supplementary:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/VCVXBCLX/Yadouleton et al. - 2019 - Supplementary.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{bangura_lassa_2021,
	title = {Lassa {Virus} {Circulation} in {Small} {Mammal} {Populations} in {Bo} {District}, {Sierra} {Leone}},
	volume = {10},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.3390/biology10010028},
	doi = {10.3390/biology10010028},
	abstract = {Simple Summary Lassa fever is a viral hemorrhagic fever caused by the Lassa virus (LASV). It is a deadly rodent-borne zoonosis with outbreaks occurring mostly in Sierra Leone, Guinea, Liberia, and Nigeria, in West Africa. In Sierra Leone, surveillance activities of LASV focus mainly on the Kenema area in the eastern region, known to be the epicentre. Little is known about the presence of the virus in the Bo area, where Mastomys natalensis and Rattus rattus share habitats with humans. Our study investigated the circulation and phylogeny of new LASV strains and virus seroprevalence in rodent populations of villages in Bo district. Information provided here will be of great importance in prioritizing areas for Lassa fever surveillance and preventive measures to mitigate future outbreaks. Our rodent longitudinal survey carried out over two years (2014-2016) identified Mastomys natalensis as the most prevalent species. While seropositive small mammals were found in every village, the four Mastomys natalensis rodents that tested PCR-positive for Lassa virus were found in only two villages. Phylogenetic analysis showed that these sequences belong to the Sierra Leonean clade, within lineage IV. In conclusion, LASV is present, with low circulation, in small mammals in rural settings around Bo. Lassa fever is a viral hemorrhagic fever caused by the Lassa virus LASV, which was first isolated in the rodent Mastomys natalensis in 1974 in Kenema, Sierra Leone. As little is known about the abundance and the presence of LASV in rodents living in the Bo area, we carried out a small mammal longitudinal population survey. A standardized trapping session was performed in various habitats and seasons in six villages over two years (2014-2016) and samples collected were tested for arenavirus IgG and LASV. A Bayesian phylogenetic analysis was performed on sequences identified by PCR. A total of 1490 small mammals were collected, and 16 rodent species were identified, with M. natalensis (355, 24\%) found to be the most prevalent species. Forty-one (2.8\%) samples were IgG positive, and 31 of these were trapped in homes and 10 in surrounding vegetation. Twenty-nine of 41 seropositive rodents were M. natalensis. We detected four LASV by PCR in two villages, all found in M. natalensis. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the sequences were distributed within the Sierra Leonean clade within lineage IV, distinguishing a Bo sub-clade older than a Kenema sub-clade. Compared to other settings, we found a low abundance of M. natalensis and a low circulation of LASV in rodents in villages around Bo district.},
	language = {English},
	number = {1},
	journal = {BIOLOGY-BASEL},
	author = {Bangura, Umaru and Buanie, Jacob and Lamin, Joyce and Davis, Christopher and Bongo, Gedeon Ngiala and Dawson, Michael and Ansumana, Rashid and Sondufu, Dianah and Thomson, Emma C. and Sahr, Foday and Fichet-Calvet, Elisabeth},
	month = jan,
	year = {2021},
	note = {Place: ST ALBAN-ANLAGE 66, CH-4052 BASEL, SWITZERLAND
Publisher: MDPI
Type: Article},
	keywords = {seroprevalence, Mastomys natalensis, Lassa virus, West Africa, phylogenetics, Sierra Leone, abundance, Bo},
	file = {biology-10-00028.pdf:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/IUILHJRS/biology-10-00028.pdf:application/pdf;Full Text:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/PMZUZC7Y/Bangura et al. - 2021 - Lassa Virus Circulation in Small Mammal Population.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{demby_lassa_2001,
	title = {Lassa {Fever} in {Guinea}: {II}. {Distribution} and {Prevalence} of {Lassa} {Virus} {Infection} in {Small} {Mammals}},
	volume = {1},
	issn = {1530-3667, 1557-7759},
	shorttitle = {Lassa {Fever} in {Guinea}},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1089/15303660160025912},
	doi = {10.1089/15303660160025912},
	language = {en},
	number = {4},
	urldate = {2021-04-10},
	journal = {Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases},
	author = {Demby, Austin H. and Inapogui, Alphonse and Kargbo, Kandeh and Koninga, James and Kourouma, Kerfalla and Kanu, James and Coulibaly, Mamadi and Wagoner, Kent D. and Ksiazek, Thomas G. and Peters, C.J. and Rollin, Pierre E. and Bausch, Daniel G.},
	month = dec,
	year = {2001},
	keywords = {Animals, Male, Female, Prevalence, Geography, *Lassa Fever/ep [Epidemiology], Lassa virus/ge [Genetics], Lassa Fever/im [Immunology], Lassa Fever/tm [Transmission], Lassa virus/ip [Isolation \& Purification], Seasons, Lassa virus/im [Immunology], Antibodies, Viral/bl [Blood], Guinea/ep [Epidemiology], *Disease Reservoirs/ve [Veterinary], *Lassa Fever/ve [Veterinary], Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical, *Muridae/vi [Virology], Antigens, Viral/bl [Blood], Spleen/vi [Virology]},
	pages = {283--297},
	file = {Demby et al. - 2001 - Lassa Fever in Guinea II. Distribution and Preval.pdf:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/8PEZEU78/Demby et al. - 2001 - Lassa Fever in Guinea II. Distribution and Preval.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{dedet_isolation_1979,
	title = {Isolation of {Leishmania} major from {Mastomys} erythroleucus and {Tatera} gambiana in {Senegal} ({West} {Africa}).},
	volume = {73},
	issn = {0003-4983},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1080/00034983.1979.11687282},
	doi = {10.1080/00034983.1979.11687282},
	number = {5},
	journal = {Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology},
	author = {Dedet, J P and Derouin, F and Hubert, B and Schnur, L F and Chance, M L},
	year = {1979},
	note = {Place: England},
	keywords = {Animals, Male, *Rodent Diseases/ps [Parasitology], *Leishmania/ip [Isolation \& Purification], Female, Senegal, Rodentia/ps [Parasitology], Rats, Mice, Leishmaniasis/ps [Parasitology], *Disease Reservoirs/ve [Veterinary], *Leishmaniasis/ve [Veterinary]},
	pages = {433--7},
	file = {Dedet et al. - 1979 - Isolation of Leishmania major from Mastomys erythr.pdf:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/KHZ5BN95/Dedet et al. - 1979 - Isolation of Leishmania major from Mastomys erythr.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{konecny_invasion_2013,
	title = {Invasion genetics of the introduced black rat ({Rattus} rattus) in {Senegal}, {West} {Africa}.},
	volume = {22},
	issn = {0962-1083},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1111/mec.12112},
	doi = {10.1111/mec.12112},
	abstract = {An understanding of the evolutionary history and dynamics of invasive species is required for the construction of predictive models of future spread and the design of biological management measures. The black rat (Rattus rattus) is a major vertebrate invader with a worldwide distribution. Despite the severe ecological, economic and health impacts of this species, its evolutionary history has been little studied. We carried out extensive specimen sampling in Senegal, West Africa, and used microsatellite markers to describe the pattern and processes of invasion in this large continental area. The genetic data obtained were combined with historical knowledge concerning the presence of this species in Senegal. Data were analysed by a combination of Bayesian clustering and approximate Bayesian computation methods. The invasion pathways closely paralleled the history of human trade routes in Senegal. In several places, we detected the occurrence of multiple introductions from genetically different sources. Long-distance migration between towns and villages was also observed. Our findings suggest that genetic bottlenecks and admixture have played a major role in shaping the genetics of invasive black rats. These two processes may generate genetic novelty and favour rapid evolution along the invasion pathways.},
	number = {2},
	journal = {Molecular Ecology},
	author = {Konecny, Adam and Estoup, Arnaud and Duplantier, Jean-Marc and Bryja, Josef and Ba, Khalilou and Galan, Maxime and Tatard, Caroline and Cosson, Jean-Francois},
	month = jan,
	year = {2013},
	note = {ZOOREC:ZOOR14906021691},
	keywords = {Animals, Africa, Afrotropical region, Land zones, Senegal, Bayes Theorem, Cluster Analysis, Genetic Variation, Dispersal, Evolution, Genetics, Rattus rattus (Muridae)., Zoogeography, Microsatellite Repeats, Behaviour, *Evolution, Molecular, Means of   dispersal, Introduced Species, *Genetics, Population, *Animal Distribution, *Rats/ge [Genetics], Models, Genetic},
	pages = {286--300},
	file = {Konecny et al. - 2013 - Invasion genetics of the introduced black rat (Rat.pdf:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/75QVMQDY/Konecny et al. - 2013 - Invasion genetics of the introduced black rat (Rat.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{attuquayefio_impact_2017,
	title = {Impact of mining and forest regeneration on small mammal biodiversity in the {Western} {Region} of {Ghana}},
	volume = {189},
	issn = {0167-6369, 1573-2959},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-017-5960-0},
	doi = {10.1007/s10661-017-5960-0},
	language = {en},
	number = {5},
	urldate = {2021-03-08},
	journal = {Environmental Monitoring and Assessment},
	author = {Attuquayefio, Daniel K. and Owusu, Erasmus H. and Ofori, Benjamin Y.},
	month = may,
	year = {2017},
	pages = {237},
	file = {Attuquayefio et al. - 2017 - Impact of mining and forest regeneration on small .pdf:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/3SJTUWKC/Attuquayefio et al. - 2017 - Impact of mining and forest regeneration on small .pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{granjon_guinean_2011,
	title = {Guinean biodiversity at the edge: {Rodents} in forest patches of southern {Mali}},
	volume = {76},
	issn = {16165047},
	shorttitle = {Guinean biodiversity at the edge},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mambio.2011.06.003},
	doi = {10.1016/j.mambio.2011.06.003},
	language = {en},
	number = {5},
	urldate = {2021-04-10},
	journal = {Mammalian Biology},
	author = {Granjon, Laurent and Duplantier, Jean-Marc},
	month = sep,
	year = {2011},
	pages = {583--591},
}

@article{lippens_genetic_2017,
	title = {Genetic structure and invasion history of the house mouse ({Mus} musculus domesticus) in {Senegal}, {West} {Africa}: a legacy of colonial and contemporary times},
	volume = {119},
	issn = {0018-067X},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1038/hdy.2017.18},
	doi = {10.1038/hdy.2017.18},
	number = {2},
	journal = {Heredity},
	author = {Lippens, C. and Estoup, A. and Hima, M. K. and Loiseau, A. and Tatard, C. and Dalecky, A. and Ba, K. and Kane, M. and Diallo, M. and Sow, A. and Niang, Y. and Piry, S. and Berthier, K. and Leblois, R. and Duplantier, J-M and Brouat, C.},
	month = aug,
	year = {2017},
	keywords = {Animals, Africa, Land zones, Senegal, Bayes Theorem, Animal Distribution, Dispersal, Evolution, Genetics, Means of dispersal, Zoogeography, *Mice/ge [Genetics], Microsatellite Repeats, Phylogeography, Population genetics, Biochemistry, Habitat, Man made habitat, Afrotropical   region, *Genetic Variation, *Genetics, Population, DNA, Mitochondrial/ge [Genetics], Models, Genetic, Mus musculus domesticus (Muridae)., Mus musculus domesticus [Nucleic acids / mtDNA \& microsatellite   sequences / population genetic structure, Molecular ecology},
	pages = {64--75},
	file = {Full Text:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/PEL6UUDG/Lippens et al. - 2017 - Genetic structure and invasion history of the hous.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{mafiana_gastrointestinal_1997,
	title = {Gastrointestinal helminth parasites of the black rat ({Rattus} rattus) in {Abeokuta}, southwest {Nigeria}.},
	volume = {71},
	issn = {0022-149X},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022149X00015947},
	doi = {10.1017/S0022149X00015947},
	abstract = {A survey of 612 black rats, Rattus rattus (282 mates and 330 females), for infections with helminth parasites was carried out in Abeokuta, in southwest Nigeria. Three hundred and ninety six (64.7\%) were infected with one or more of seven species of helminths comprising three cestodes (Hymenolepis diminuta, Taenia taeniaeformis (cyst) and Raillietina sp.) three nematodes (Mastophorus muris, Trichuris muris and Syphacia sp.) and one acanthocephalan (Moniliformis moniliformis). Although the prevalence of infection in males (76.6\%) was more than in females (54.5\%) (P{\textless}0.01), there was no difference in the mean intensity of infection, MI, (males=11.6+/-0.94, females=11.1+/-1.56). Among the different weight classes, rats of 100-130 g were more infected (893\%) and had the highest mean intensity (MI=21.6) than those that weighed {\textless}100 g (47.1\%, MI=6.4) and {\textgreater}130 g (73.9\%, MI=9.3). Moniliformis moniliformis was the most common species encountered (39.2\%) and had the highest mean intensity in both sexes (x=7.4+/-0.74). Considering the rat-man proximity, this finding has considerable public health implications.},
	number = {3},
	journal = {Journal of helminthology},
	author = {Mafiana, C F and Osho, M B and Sam-Wobo, S},
	year = {1997},
	note = {Place: England
Mafiana, C F. Department of Biological Sciences, University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria.},
	keywords = {Animals, Humans, Male, *Rodent Diseases/ps [Parasitology], Female, Nigeria, Rodent Diseases/tm [Transmission], Body Weight, *Helminthiasis, Animal/tm [Transmission], *Helminths/ip [Isolation \& Purification], *Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic/ps [Parasitology], *Rats/ps [Parasitology], Cestoda/ip [Isolation \& Purification], Moniliformis/ip [Isolation \& Purification], Nematoda/ip [Isolation \& Purification]},
	pages = {217--20},
	file = {Mafiana et al. - 1997 - Gastrointestinal helminth parasites of the black r.pdf:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/5N3PGQZB/Mafiana et al. - 1997 - Gastrointestinal helminth parasites of the black r.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{churchfield_first_2004,
	title = {First results on the feeding ecology of sympatric shrews ({Insectivora}: {Soricidae}) in the {Tai} {National} {Park}, {Ivory} {Coast}},
	volume = {49},
	issn = {0001-7051, 2190-3743},
	shorttitle = {First results on the feeding ecology of sympatric shrews ({Insectivora}},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03192504},
	doi = {10.1007/BF03192504},
	language = {en},
	number = {1},
	urldate = {2021-03-09},
	journal = {Acta Theriologica},
	author = {Churchfield, Sara and Barrière, Patrick and Hutterer, Rainer and Colyn, Marc},
	month = mar,
	year = {2004},
	pages = {1--15},
	file = {Churchfield et al. - 2004 - First results on the feeding ecology of sympatric .pdf:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/ISUA7HZ8/Churchfield et al. - 2004 - First results on the feeding ecology of sympatric .pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{hima_extensive_2011,
	title = {Extensive {Robertsonian} polymorphism in the {African} rodent {Gerbillus} nigeriae: geographic aspects and meiotic data},
	volume = {284},
	issn = {0952-8369},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7998.2011.00803.x},
	doi = {10.1111/j.1469-7998.2011.00803.x},
	number = {4},
	journal = {Journal of Zoology},
	author = {Hima, K. and Thiam, M. and Catalan, J. and Gauthier, P. and Duplantier, J. M. and Piry, S. and Sembene, M. and Britton-Davidian, J. and Granjon, L. and Dobigny, G.},
	month = aug,
	year = {2011},
	keywords = {Afrotropical region, Land zones, Gerbillinae, Muridae, West Africa, Chromosomes, Cytogenetics, Evolution, Genetics, Zoogeography, chromosome evolution, Cell division, centric fusions, Gerbillus nigeriae (Muridae)., Gerbillus nigeriae [Chromosomes / Chromosomal Robertsonian polymorphism   / ] [Karyotype /  / ] [Meiosis /  / ] [Population genetics /   Heterozygosity / ] [Phylogeny / Phylogeography / ] [Zoogeography /  / ]   [Africa / West Africa / ]., meiosis},
	pages = {276--285},
	file = {Hima et al. - 2011 - Extensive Robertsonian polymorphism in the African.pdf:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/Q5S5IPEZ/Hima et al. - 2011 - Extensive Robertsonian polymorphism in the African.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{schwan_endemic_2012,
	title = {Endemic {Foci} of the {Tick}-{Borne} {Relapsing} {Fever} {Spirochete} {Borrelia} crocidurae in {Mali}, {West} {Africa}, and the {Potential} for {Human} {Infection}},
	volume = {6},
	issn = {1935-2735},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0001924},
	doi = {10.1371/journal.pntd.0001924},
	number = {11},
	journal = {PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases},
	author = {Schwan, Tom G. and Anderson, Jennifer M. and Lopez, Job E. and Fischer, Robert J. and Raffel, Sandra J. and McCoy, Brandi N. and Safronetz, David and Sogoba, Nafomon and Maiga, Ousmane and Traore, Sekou F.},
	month = nov,
	year = {2012},
	keywords = {Relapsing fever, Mammals, Spirochetes, Ticks, Mali, Blood, Borrelia, Borrelia infection},
	file = {Full Text:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/WKYANEYB/Schwan et al. - 2012 - Endemic Foci of the Tick-Borne Relapsing Fever Spi.pdf:application/pdf;Full Text PDF:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/K5NRYH3L/Schwan et al. - 2012 - Endemic Foci of the Tick-Borne Relapsing Fever Spi.pdf:application/pdf;pntd.0001924.s001 (1).doc:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/AIMSGUAU/pntd.0001924.s001 (1).doc:application/msword},
}

@article{sicard_effects_2004,
	title = {Effects of climate and local aridity on the latitudinal and habitat distribution of {Arvicanthis} niloticus and {Arvicanthis} ansorgei ({Rodentia}, {Murinae}) in {Mali}},
	volume = {31},
	issn = {0305-0270},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1046/j.0305-0270.2003.00999.x},
	doi = {10.1046/j.0305-0270.2003.00999.x},
	number = {1},
	journal = {Journal of Biogeography},
	author = {Sicard, B and Catalan, J and Ag'Atteynine, S and Abdoulaye, D and Britton-Davidian, J},
	month = jan,
	year = {2004},
	keywords = {habitat, Mali, Arvicanthis, aridity, adaptation, sympatry},
	pages = {5--18},
	file = {Sicard et al. - 2004 - Effects of climate and local aridity on the latitu.pdf:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/6PNB8T6K/Sicard et al. - 2004 - Effects of climate and local aridity on the latitu.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{diagne_ecological_2017,
	title = {Ecological and sanitary impacts of bacterial communities associated to biological invasions in {African} commensal rodent communities},
	volume = {7},
	issn = {2045-2322},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-14880-1},
	doi = {10.1038/s41598-017-14880-1},
	journal = {Scientific Reports},
	author = {Diagne, Christophe and Galan, Maxime and Tamisier, Lucie and d'Ambrosio, Jonathan and Dalecky, Ambroise and Ba, Khalilou and Kane, Mamadou and Niang, Youssoupha and Diallo, Mamoudou and Sow, Aliou and Gauthier, Philippe and Tatard, Caroline and Loiseau, Anne and Piry, Sylvain and Sembene, Mbacke and Cosson, Jean-Francois and Charbonnel, Nathalie and Brouat, Carine},
	month = nov,
	year = {2017},
	keywords = {Animals, bacterial diseases, infections, zoonoses, Ecology, Senegal, biodiversity, public health, Biodiversity, disease prevention, human diseases, taxonomy, characterization, ribosomal RNA, relationships, *Bacteria/ip [Isolation \& Purification], incidence, Introduced Species, *Mice/mi [Microbiology], *Rats/mi [Microbiology], drivers},
	file = {41598_2017_14880_MOESM1_ESM (2).docx:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/45CATUWN/41598_2017_14880_MOESM1_ESM (2).docx:application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document;Full Text:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/3RHEPH2R/Diagne et al. - 2017 - Ecological and sanitary impacts of bacterial commu.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{galal_diversity_2019,
	title = {Diversity of {Toxoplasma} gondii strains shaped by commensal communities of small mammals.},
	volume = {49},
	issn = {1879-0135},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpara.2018.11.004},
	doi = {10.1016/j.ijpara.2018.11.004},
	abstract = {Commensal rodent species are key reservoirs for Toxoplasma gondii in the domestic environment. In rodents, different T. gondii strains show variable patterns of virulence according to host species. Toxoplasma gondii strains causing non-lethal chronic infections in local hosts will be more likely to persist in a given environment, but few studies have addressed the possible role of these interactions in shaping the T. gondii population structure. In addition, the absence of validated techniques for upstream detection of T. gondii chronic infection in wild rodents hinders exploration of this issue under natural conditions. In this study, we took advantage of an extensive survey of commensal small mammals in three coastal localities of Senegal, with a species assemblage constituted of both native African species and invasive species. We tested 828 individuals for T. gondii chronic infection using the modified agglutination test for antibody detection in serum samples and a quantitative PCR assay for detection of T. gondii DNA in brain samples. The infecting T. gondii strains were genotyped whenever possible by the analysis of 15 microsatellite markers. We found (i) a very poor concordance between molecular detection and serology in the invasive house mouse, (ii) significantly different levels of prevalence by species and (iii) the autochthonous T. gondii Africa 1 lineage strains, which are lethal for laboratory mice, only in the native African species of commensal small mammals. Overall, this study highlights the need to reconsider the use of MAT serology in natural populations of house mice and provides the first known data about T. gondii genetic diversity in invasive and native species of small mammals from Africa. In light of these results, we discuss the role of invasive and native species, with their variable adaptations to different T. gondii strains, in shaping the spatial structure of T. gondii genetic diversity in Africa. Copyright © 2018 Australian Society for Parasitology. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.},
	number = {3-4},
	journal = {International Journal for Parasitology},
	author = {Galal, Lokman and Schares, Gereon and Stragier, Claire and Vignoles, Philippe and Brouat, Carine and Cuny, Thomas and Dubois, Camille and Rohart, Thao and Glodas, Clement and Darde, Marie-Laure and Kane, Mamadou and Niang, Youssoupha and Diallo, Mamoudou and Sow, Aliou and Aubert, Dominique and Hamidovic, Azra and Ajzenberg, Daniel and Mercier, Aurelien},
	year = {2019},
	note = {Place: England
Galal, Lokman. INSERM UMR\_S 1094, Neuroepidemiologie Tropicale, Laboratoire de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Faculte de Medecine, Universite de Limoges, Limoges 87025, France. Electronic address: lokmanmagalal@gmail.com.
Schares, Gereon. Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Institute of Epidemiology, 17493 Greifswald, Insel Riems, Germany.
Stragier, Claire. CBGP, IRD, CIRAD, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, Univ. Montpellier, 755 avenue du campus Agropolis, 34988 Montferrier-sur-Lez, Cedex, France.
Vignoles, Philippe. INSERM UMR\_S 1094, Neuroepidemiologie Tropicale, Laboratoire de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Faculte de Medecine, Universite de Limoges, Limoges 87025, France.
Brouat, Carine. CBGP, IRD, CIRAD, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, Univ. Montpellier, 755 avenue du campus Agropolis, 34988 Montferrier-sur-Lez, Cedex, France.
Cuny, Thomas. INSERM UMR\_S 1094, Neuroepidemiologie Tropicale, Laboratoire de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Faculte de Medecine, Universite de Limoges, Limoges 87025, France.
Dubois, Camille. INSERM UMR\_S 1094, Neuroepidemiologie Tropicale, Laboratoire de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Faculte de Medecine, Universite de Limoges, Limoges 87025, France.
Rohart, Thao. INSERM UMR\_S 1094, Neuroepidemiologie Tropicale, Laboratoire de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Faculte de Medecine, Universite de Limoges, Limoges 87025, France.
Glodas, Clement. INSERM UMR\_S 1094, Neuroepidemiologie Tropicale, Laboratoire de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Faculte de Medecine, Universite de Limoges, Limoges 87025, France.
Darde, Marie-Laure. INSERM UMR\_S 1094, Neuroepidemiologie Tropicale, Laboratoire de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Faculte de Medecine, Universite de Limoges, Limoges 87025, France; Centre National de Reference Toxoplasmose/Toxoplasma Biological Resource Center, CHU Limoges, 87042 Limoges, France.
Kane, Mamadou. BIOPASS, CBGP-IRD, ISRA, UCAD, Campus de Bel-Air, BP 1386, Dakar, CP 18524, Senegal.
Niang, Youssoupha. BIOPASS, CBGP-IRD, ISRA, UCAD, Campus de Bel-Air, BP 1386, Dakar, CP 18524, Senegal.
Diallo, Mamoudou. BIOPASS, CBGP-IRD, ISRA, UCAD, Campus de Bel-Air, BP 1386, Dakar, CP 18524, Senegal.
Sow, Aliou. BIOPASS, CBGP-IRD, ISRA, UCAD, Campus de Bel-Air, BP 1386, Dakar, CP 18524, Senegal.
Aubert, Dominique. EA7510 ESCAPE, UFR Medecine, University of Reims Champagne Ardenne, Reims, France; Laboratory of Parasitology, National Reference Centre on Toxoplasmosis, Hospital Maison Blanche, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Reims, Reims, France.
Hamidovic, Azra. INSERM UMR\_S 1094, Neuroepidemiologie Tropicale, Laboratoire de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Faculte de Medecine, Universite de Limoges, Limoges 87025, France.
Ajzenberg, Daniel. INSERM UMR\_S 1094, Neuroepidemiologie Tropicale, Laboratoire de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Faculte de Medecine, Universite de Limoges, Limoges 87025, France.
Mercier, Aurelien. INSERM UMR\_S 1094, Neuroepidemiologie Tropicale, Laboratoire de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Faculte de Medecine, Universite de Limoges, Limoges 87025, France; Centre National de Reference Toxoplasmose/Toxoplasma Biological Resource Center, CHU Limoges, 87042 Limoges, France.},
	keywords = {Animals, brain, infections, Rodentia, small mammals, techniques, *Rodent Diseases/ps [Parasitology], hosts, parasites, parasitoses, protozoal infections, Senegal, *Toxoplasma/ip [Isolation \& Purification], Prevalence, serology, virulence, Rodents, West Africa, detection, communities, wild animals, chronic infections, polymerase chain reaction, interactions, parasitology, agglutination tests, molecular genetics, strains, tests, genetic diversity, Microsatellite Repeats, Toxoplasma/ge [Genetics], Toxoplasmosis, Animal/ep [Epidemiology], *Genetic Variation, invasive species, microsatellites, DNA, introduced species, coastal areas, antibody testing, *Biota, *Genotype, *Toxoplasma/cl [Classification], *Toxoplasmosis, Animal/ps [Parasitology], Genetic diversity, Genotyping Techniques, Hammondia, markers, Neospora caninum, population structure, Toxoplasma gondii},
	pages = {267--275},
	file = {Galal et al. - 2019 - Diversity of Toxoplasma gondii strains shaped by c.pdf:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/HH6MERX2/Galal et al. - 2019 - Diversity of Toxoplasma gondii strains shaped by c.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{decher_diversity_1999,
	title = {Diversity and structure of terrestrial small mammal communities in different vegetation types on the {Accra} {Plains} of {Ghana}},
	volume = {247},
	issn = {0952-8369},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7998.1999.tb01002.x},
	doi = {10.1111/j.1469-7998.1999.tb01002.x},
	number = {3},
	journal = {Journal of Zoology},
	author = {Decher, J and Bahian, LK},
	month = mar,
	year = {1999},
	pages = {395--408},
	file = {Decher and Bahian - 1999 - Diversity and structure of terrestrial small mamma.pdf:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/T3DL6BIS/Decher and Bahian - 1999 - Diversity and structure of terrestrial small mamma.pdf:application/pdf;Decher and Bahian - 1999 - Diversity and structure of terrestrial small mamma.pdf:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/HBQ33GVU/Decher and Bahian - 1999 - Diversity and structure of terrestrial small mamma.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{olayemi_diversity_2008,
	title = {Diversity and distribution of murid rodent populations between forest and derived savanna sites within south western {Nigeria}.},
	volume = {17},
	issn = {0960-3115},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-008-9389-1},
	doi = {10.1007/s10531-008-9389-1},
	abstract = {Southward encroachment of the derived savanna zone with its attendant denudation of the rainforest in Nigeria adversely affects the diversity and distribution of mammals, particularly murid rodents. This study was carried out to establish the identities of murid rodent populations and to compare their diversity between forest and derived savanna sites within south western Nigeria. Identification of captured specimens was carried out by multivariate statistics of body and skull measurements, and also by analysis of certain discrete characters. Six species were identified: Praomys tullbergi, Hylomyscus stella, Mastomys natalensis, Arvicanthis rufinus, Lemniscomys striatus and Lophuromys sikapusi. Forest sites possessed a higher Shannon's diversity index (1.685) than the derived savanna sites (0.978), containing a higher number of taxa and larger abundance of murid rodents. This underscores the negative impact that encroachment of the derived savanna has upon diversity of animals in areas that were once forest.},
	number = {10},
	journal = {Biodiversity and Conservation},
	author = {Olayemi, Ayodeji and Akinpelu, Akinsola},
	month = sep,
	year = {2008},
	note = {ZOOREC:ZOOR14501000346},
	pages = {2411--2425},
	file = {Olayemi and Akinpelu - 2008 - Diversity and distribution of murid rodent populat.pdf:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/4QJGPYWY/Olayemi and Akinpelu - 2008 - Diversity and distribution of murid rodent populat.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{kouadio_detection_2020,
	title = {Detection of possible spillover of a novel hantavirus in a {Natal} mastomys from {Guinea}.},
	volume = {56},
	issn = {1572-994X},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s11262-019-01709-4},
	doi = {10.1007/s11262-019-01709-4},
	abstract = {To date, only two rodent-borne hantaviruses have been detected in sub-Saharan Africa. Here, we report the detection of a yet unknown hantavirus in a Natal mastomys (Mastomys natalensis) in Meliandou, Guinea, in 2014. The phylogenetic placement of this virus suggests that it might represent a cross-order spillover event from an unknown bat or eulipotyphlan host.},
	number = {1},
	journal = {Virus genes},
	author = {Kouadio, Leonce and Nowak, Kathrin and Couacy-Hymann, Emmanuel and Akoua-Koffi, Chantal and Dux, Ariane and Zimmermann, Fee and Allali, Bernard K and Kourouma, Laye and Bangoura, Karim and Koendgen, Sophie and Witkowski, Peter T and Kruger, Detlev H and Calvignac-Spencer, Sebastien and Leendertz, Fabian H},
	year = {2020},
	note = {Place: United States
Kouadio, Leonce. Robert Koch Institut, Berlin, Germany.
Kouadio, Leonce. LANADA/Central Laboratory for Animal Diseases, Bingerville, Cote d'Ivoire.
Nowak, Kathrin. Robert Koch Institut, Berlin, Germany.
Couacy-Hymann, Emmanuel. LANADA/Central Laboratory for Animal Diseases, Bingerville, Cote d'Ivoire.
Akoua-Koffi, Chantal. Universite Alassane Ouattara de Bouake, Bouake, Cote d'Ivoire.
Dux, Ariane. Robert Koch Institut, Berlin, Germany.
Zimmermann, Fee. Robert Koch Institut, Berlin, Germany.
Allali, Bernard K. Institut Pasteur de Cote D'Ivoire, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire.
Kourouma, Laye. Laboratoire Medical Guineo-Allemand, Conakry, Guinea.
Bangoura, Karim. Ministere de l'Elevage et des Productions Animales, Conakry, Guinea.
Koendgen, Sophie. Charite - University Medicine, Berlin, Germany.
Witkowski, Peter T. Charite - University Medicine, Berlin, Germany.
Kruger, Detlev H. Charite - University Medicine, Berlin, Germany.
Calvignac-Spencer, Sebastien. Robert Koch Institut, Berlin, Germany.
Leendertz, Fabian H. Robert Koch Institut, Berlin, Germany. leendertzf@rki.de.},
	keywords = {Animals, Phylogeny, Guinea, *Murinae/vi [Virology], *Rodent Diseases/vi [Virology], *Hantavirus Infections/ve [Veterinary], *Hantavirus/ip [Isolation \& Purification], Hantavirus Infections/vi [Virology], Hantavirus/cl [Classification], Hantavirus/ge [Genetics]},
	pages = {95--98},
	file = {11262_2019_1709_MOESM1_ESM.docx:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/UEBJFYN3/11262_2019_1709_MOESM1_ESM.docx:application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document;Kouadio2020_Article_DetectionOfPossibleSpilloverOf.pdf:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/FWHHMJHW/Kouadio2020_Article_DetectionOfPossibleSpilloverOf.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{dassi_detection_2015,
	title = {Detection of {Mycobacterium} ulcerans in {Mastomys} natalensis and {Potential} {Transmission} in {Buruli} ulcer {Endemic} {Areas} in {Côte} d'{Ivoire}},
	volume = {05},
	issn = {21611068},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.4172/2161-1068.1000184},
	doi = {10.4172/2161-1068.1000184},
	abstract = {The endemicity of Buruli ulcer (BU), a non-tuberculous mycobacteria infection, has significantly increased in Côte d'Ivoire. The exact transmission mode remains unknown but DNA based evidence of Mycobacterium ulcerans, the causative agent, have implicated potential environmental reservoirs, similar to those suspected in the transmission to humans. The role of small mammals in transmission has recently received some research attention. Based on the hypothesis that the overlapping ecology of human and animal habitats would favour mycobacteria transmission, the study aimed to identify BU like infections in small mammals living in close proximity to humans, in endemic communities. One hundred and eleven animals were trapped within five communities in two major endemic areas, Daloa and Tabbo. Majority of trapped small mammals were mice, Mastomys natalensis, of which 8 animals had external lesions. PCR on organ and lesion samples identified, predominantly, mycobacterium spp, of which five mice were positive for IS2404. IS2404 sequencing confirmed infection in two mice as M. ulcerans strain Agy99. Our findings suggest that small terrestrial mammals could be susceptible to mycobacteria, particularly, M. ulcerans, within endemic communities in Côte d’Ivoire. It also consolidates earlier evidence asserting their role as potential environmental reservoirs of M. ulcerans in endemic communities. The potential public health threat from these small mammals warrants an “OneHealth” approach to investigating the ecology and transmission of M. ulcerans in endemic countries.},
	language = {en},
	number = {03},
	urldate = {2021-03-08},
	journal = {Mycobacterial Diseases},
	author = {Dassi, Christelle},
	year = {2015},
	file = {Lydia Mosi - 2015 - Detection of Mycobacterium ulcerans in Mastomys na.pdf:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/4NSYWF9R/Lydia Mosi - 2015 - Detection of Mycobacterium ulcerans in Mastomys na.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{rabiu_demographic_2019,
	title = {Demographic response of the {Gambian} {Gerbil} to seasonal changes in {Savannah} fallow fields},
	volume = {46},
	issn = {1338-7014},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.2478/foecol-2019-0001},
	doi = {10.2478/foecol-2019-0001},
	abstract = {Rabiu, S., Rose, R.K., 2019. Demographic response of the Gambian Gerbil to seasonal changes in Savannah fallow fields. Folia Oecologica, 46: 1–9.},
	language = {en},
	number = {1},
	urldate = {2021-03-08},
	journal = {Folia Oecologica},
	author = {Rabiu, Safianu and Rose, Robert K.},
	month = may,
	year = {2019},
	pages = {1--9},
	file = {Rabiu and Rose - 2019 - Demographic response of the Gambian Gerbil to seas.pdf:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/KWLIWGVK/Rabiu and Rose - 2019 - Demographic response of the Gambian Gerbil to seas.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{crespin_demographic_2012,
	title = {Demographic aspects of the island syndrome in two {Afrotropical} {Mastomys} rodent species},
	volume = {39},
	issn = {1146609X},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actao.2012.01.002},
	doi = {10.1016/j.actao.2012.01.002},
	language = {en},
	urldate = {2021-04-10},
	journal = {Acta Oecologica},
	author = {Crespin, Laurent and Duplantier, Jean-Marc and Granjon, Laurent},
	month = feb,
	year = {2012},
	pages = {72--79},
}

@article{attuquayefio_biodiversity_2008,
	title = {Biodiversity assessment (rodents and avifauna) of five forest reserves in the {Brong}-{Ahafo} {Region}, {Ghana}},
	volume = {48},
	issn = {0855-1448},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.4314/gjs.v48i1.56252},
	doi = {10.4314/gjs.v48i1.56252},
	abstract = {A faunal inventory of five forest reserves in the Brong-Ahafo Region was undertaken to determine the ecological status or levels of degradation of the reserves using birds and small mammals as bio-indicators. The methodology involved live-trapping of small mammals and recording bird species using ad hoc observations timed transect walks along trails and transects. Fifty individuals of nine species of rodents were recorded, with Mastomys erythroleucus (multimammate mouse) being the most abundant. Small mammal species diversity was highest (H’ = 1.88) and lowest (H’ = 0.98) in Tain II and Tain I forest reserves, respectively. The presence of some savanna species in some of the reserves indicated high levels of degradation. Fifty-four bird species, representing 22 families, were recorded, with 16 of the species being under national conservation protection. It is recommended that the reserves be zoned into smaller management areas to enable more efficient management, through initiation of reforestation programmes, anti-poaching patrols, research, and long-term monitoring. There is the need for intensive education of the local inhabitants on wildlife conservation awareness.},
	language = {en},
	number = {1},
	urldate = {2021-03-03},
	journal = {Ghana Journal of Science},
	author = {Attuquayefio, D.K.},
	year = {2008},
	file = {Attuquayefio - 2010 - Biodiversity assessment (rodents and avifauna) of .pdf:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/Y89ZAGLF/Attuquayefio - 2010 - Biodiversity assessment (rodents and avifauna) of .pdf:application/pdf;Attuquayefio - 2010 - Biodiversity assessment (rodents and avifauna) of .pdf:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/LWUHNLZU/Attuquayefio - 2010 - Biodiversity assessment (rodents and avifauna) of .pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{akpatou_assessment_2019,
	title = {Assessment of {Terrestrial} {Small} {Mammals} in an {Agro}-industrial {Company} {Concession}, {Western} {Liberia}},
	volume = {7},
	issn = {2091-2609},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.3126/ijasbt.v7i4.25581},
	doi = {10.3126/ijasbt.v7i4.25581},
	abstract = {This study was conducted in a global context of biological assessment of potential oil palm plantation development in western Liberia. It has been recommended as a complementary study to design a biological baseline prior to the development of oil palm plantations. It is based on "Terrestrial small mammals” biological model. Thus, terrestrial small mammal richness and abundance were assessed in Sime Darby palm oil company Concession at Bong and Gbarpolu counties in western Liberia. Conventional live-trapped methods using mainly pitfalls and Sherman traps were used to investigate terrestrial small mammals. The combination of these two methods allowed the capture of 76 specimens belonging to 11 species. The most frequent species was Crocidura jouvenetae (39.47 \%) followed by Hylomyscus simus (14.47 \%) and Hybomys planifrons (10.53 \%). Small mammal communities were globally dominated by forest species (Crocidura eburnea, Crocidura jouvenetae, Crocidura muricauda, Crocidura obscurior, Dephomys defua, Hybomys planifrons, Hylomyscus simus and Mus setulosus), which indicates the lower level of forest degradation at this area. These species of rodent and shrew are threatened to disappear due to the conversion of their habitats to palm oil plantations. It is highly recommended that the company preserve intact primary forest relics within oil palm plantations in order to conserve representative sample local biodiversity.},
	language = {en},
	number = {4},
	urldate = {2021-03-08},
	journal = {International Journal of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology},
	author = {Akpatou, Kouame Bertin and Bohoussou, Kouakou Hilaire and Bene, Koffi Jean-Claude},
	month = dec,
	year = {2019},
	pages = {434--439},
	file = {Akpatou et al. - 2019 - Assessment of Terrestrial Small Mammals in an Agro.pdf:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/QM86FFYR/Akpatou et al. - 2019 - Assessment of Terrestrial Small Mammals in an Agro.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{kadjo_assessment_2013,
	title = {Assessment of terrestrial small mammals and a record of the critically endangered shrew {Crocidura} wimmeri in {Banco} {National} {Park} ({Cote} d'{Ivoire})},
	volume = {77},
	issn = {0025-1461},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1515/mammalia-2012-0083},
	doi = {10.1515/mammalia-2012-0083},
	number = {4},
	journal = {Mammalia},
	author = {Kadjo, Blaise and Kouadio, Roger Yao and Vogel, Valerie and Dubey, Sylvain and Vogel, Peter},
	month = nov,
	year = {2013},
	keywords = {Animals, Phylogeny, Prevalence, Rodentia/ps [Parasitology], Nigeria, Molecular Sequence Data, Genotype, Cluster Analysis, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Muridae, Citrate (si)-Synthase/ge [Genetics], *Genetic Variation, *Arthropods/mi [Microbiology], *Bartonella Infections/ve [Veterinary], *Bartonella/cl [Classification], *Bartonella/ip [Isolation \& Purification], *Rodentia/mi [Microbiology], Bartonella Infections/mi [Microbiology], Bartonella/ge [Genetics], diversity index, small mammal community, Soricidae, threatened species},
	pages = {439--446},
	file = {Kadjo et al. - 2013 - Assessment of terrestrial small mammals and a reco.pdf:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/N4GPVD2G/Kadjo et al. - 2013 - Assessment of terrestrial small mammals and a reco.pdf:application/pdf;Kamani et al. - 2013 - Prevalence and diversity of Bartonella species in .pdf:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/DGASSRF3/Kamani et al. - 2013 - Prevalence and diversity of Bartonella species in .pdf:application/pdf;Submitted Version:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/2CMB32QX/Kadjo et al. - 2013 - Assessment of terrestrial small mammals and a reco.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{olayemi_arenavirus_2016,
	title = {Arenavirus {Diversity} and {Phylogeography} of {Mastomys} natalensis {Rodents}, {Nigeria}},
	volume = {22},
	issn = {1080-6040},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2204.150155},
	doi = {10.3201/eid2204.150155},
	abstract = {Mastomys natalensis rodents are natural hosts for Lassa virus
(LASV). Detection of LASV in 2 mitochondrial phylogroups of the rodent near the Niger
and Benue Rivers in Nigeria underlines the potential for LASV emergence in fresh
phylogroups of this rodent. A Mobala-like sequence was also detected in eastern
Nigeria.},
	number = {4},
	urldate = {2020-10-21},
	journal = {Emerging Infectious Diseases},
	author = {Olayemi, Ayodeji and Obadare, Adeoba and Oyeyiola, Akinlabi and Igbokwe, Joseph and Fasogbon, Ayobami and Igbahenah, Felix and Ortsega, Daniel and Asogun, Danny and Umeh, Prince and Vakkai, Innocent and Abejegah, Chukwuyem and Pahlman, Meike and Becker-Ziaja, Beate and Günther, Stephan and Fichet-Calvet, Elisabeth},
	month = apr,
	year = {2016},
	pmid = {26982388},
	pmcid = {PMC4806934},
	keywords = {Animals, Humans, zoonoses, Disease Reservoirs, Rodent Diseases/ep [Epidemiology], Zoonoses, hosts, Lassa, Mastomys natalensis, Nigeria, phylogeny, rodents, Genetic Variation, phylogeography, West Africa, detection, wildlife conservation, human diseases, wild animals, reservoir hosts, geographical distribution, nucleotide sequences, Lassa virus/ge [Genetics], Lassa Fever/ep [Epidemiology], Lassa Fever/tm [Transmission], Lassa virus/ip [Isolation \& Purification], Nigeria/ep [Epidemiology], *RNA, Viral/ge [Genetics], Murinae/ge [Genetics], *Murinae/vi [Virology], Lassa Fever/vi [Virology], Phylogeography, *Phylogeny, Cytochromes b/ge [Genetics], mitochondrial DNA, viruses, hemorrhagic fever, Host-Pathogen Interactions, Rodent Diseases/vi [Virology], *Lassa Fever/ve [Veterinary], Murinae/cl [Classification], *Lassa virus/cl [Classification], arenaviruses, *DNA, Mitochondrial/ge [Genetics], lineages, Mitochondria/ch [Chemistry], Mitochondria/ge [Genetics], phylogroups},
	pages = {694--697},
	file = {PubMed Central Full Text PDF:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/A4AIDBGX/Olayemi et al. - 2016 - Arenavirus Diversity and Phylogeography of Mastomy.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{crespin_annual_2008,
	title = {Annual flooding, survival and recruitment in a rodent population from the {Niger} {River} plain in {Mali}},
	volume = {24},
	issn = {0266-4674},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1017/S0266467408005105},
	doi = {10.1017/S0266467408005105},
	number = {4},
	journal = {JOURNAL OF TROPICAL ECOLOGY},
	author = {Crespin, Laurent and Papillon, Yves and Abdoulaye, Doukary and Granjon, Laurent and Sicard, Bruno},
	month = jul,
	year = {2008},
	keywords = {survival, West Africa, Mastomys erythroleucus, abundance, capture recapture, density-dependence, recruitment, seniority, small mammal, trap-happiness},
	pages = {375--386},
	file = {Crespin et al. - 2008 - Annual flooding, survival and recruitment in a rod.pdf:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/ULQ2H3IG/Crespin et al. - 2008 - Annual flooding, survival and recruitment in a rod.pdf:application/pdf;Crespin et al. - 2008 - Annual flooding, survival and recruitment in a rod.pdf:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/4MHG7KTV/Crespin et al. - 2008 - Annual flooding, survival and recruitment in a rod.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{reynolds_silent_2010,
	title = {A {Silent} {Enzootic} of an {Orthopoxvirus} in {Ghana}, {West} {Africa}: {Evidence} for {Multi}-{Species} {Involvement} in the {Absence} of {Widespread} {Human} {Disease}},
	volume = {82},
	issn = {0002-9637},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.2010.09-0716},
	doi = {10.4269/ajtmh.2010.09-0716},
	number = {4},
	journal = {American Journal of Tropical Medicine},
	author = {Reynolds, Mary G. and Carroll, Darin S. and Olson, Victoria A. and Hughes, Christine and Galley, Jack and Likos, Anna and Montgomery, Joel M. and Suu-Ire, Richard and Kwasi, Mubarak O. and Root, J. Jeffrey and Braden, Zach and Abel, Jason and Clemmons, Cody and Regnery, Russell and Karem, Kevin and Damon, Inger K.},
	month = apr,
	year = {2010},
	pages = {746--754},
	file = {Full Text:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/RTE8UFKJ/Reynolds et al. - 2010 - A Silent Enzootic of an Orthopoxvirus in Ghana, We.pdf:application/pdf;Suu-Ire et al. - 2010 - A Silent Enzootic of an Orthopoxvirus in Ghana, We.pdf:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/HLJ86C98/Suu-Ire et al. - 2010 - A Silent Enzootic of an Orthopoxvirus in Ghana, We.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{godeluck_longitudinal_1994,
	title = {A longitudinal survey of {Borrelia} crocidurae prevalence in rodents and insectivores in {Senegal}.},
	volume = {50},
	issn = {0002-9637},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.1994.50.165},
	doi = {10.4269/ajtmh.1994.50.165},
	abstract = {We report results of a longitudinal survey designed to determine the importance and the dynamics of Borrelia crocidurae, the spirochete responsible for tick-borne relapsing fever in West Africa in rodents and insectivores in a rural area of northern Senegal. A total of 954 animals were caught during bimonthly capture sessions over a two-year period. Positive thick blood smears were recorded in 17.6\% of the 740 rodents and 7.3\% of the 55 musk shrews tested. Variations of prevalence were analyzed in Arvicanthis niloticus and Mastomys huberti, which represented 62.7\% and 28.3\%, respectively, of the animals captured, and 65.7\% and 27.6\%, respectively, of the animals found infected. Borrelia crocidurae prevalence was significantly different between captures and fluctuated separately for each species. Age-specific prevalence of B. crocidurae showed distinct patterns, decreasing with age from 50\% in younger juveniles to 3\% in older adults for A. niloticus, while increasing with age from 8\% to 23\% for M. huberti. No relationship was observed with animal abundance or with the season of the year for either species. These findings suggest that the diversity of the population dynamics of host-vector-parasite associations in the Sahel region of Senegal may be a key factor for the relative stability of the borreliosis reservoir.},
	number = {2},
	journal = {American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene},
	author = {Godeluck, Bruno and Duplantier, Jean-Marc and Ba, Kalilou and Trape, Jean-Francois},
	month = feb,
	year = {1994},
	note = {ZOOREC:ZOOR13100055541},
	keywords = {Animals, *Disease Reservoirs, Africa, Afrotropical region, Diseases and   disorders, Land zones, Male, Microbial diseases, Parasites diseases and disorders, Rodentia, Female, Longitudinal Studies, *Rodent Diseases/ep [Epidemiology], Prevalence, Gerbillinae, Muridae, Sex Factors, Age Factors, Biometrics, survey, Seasons, Senegal/ep [Epidemiology], Reproduction, Arvicanthis niloticus, Rural Health, *Borrelia Infections/ve [Veterinary], *Borrelia/ip [Isolation \& Purification], *Shrews/mi [Microbiology], Bacterial disease   prevalence]., Bacterial disease prevalence].    Mus musculus, Borrelia Infections/ep [Epidemiology], influence of age \& sex, influences, Mastomys huberti [Age /  / Bacterial disease   prevalence relationship, Rodentia (Mammalia).    Crocidura (Soricidae).    Arvicanthis niloticus (Muridae).    Mastomys huberti (Muridae).    Mus musculus (Muridae).    Taterillus (Muridae)., Senegal] [Sex differences /  / Bacterial   disease prevalence] [Bacterial diseases /  / Borrelia crocidurae, Senegal].    Rodentia [Bacterial diseases /  / Borrelia crocidurae, survey] [Senegal /  / Richard-Toll, survey].    Crocidura [Bacterial diseases /  / Borrelia crocidurae, Taterillus [Bacterial diseases /  / Borrelia crocidurae},
	pages = {165--168},
	file = {[The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene] A Longitudinal Survey of Borrelia crocidurae Prevalence in Rodents and Insectivores in Senegal.pdf:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/M6X7ANEN/[The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene] A Longitudinal Survey of Borrelia crocidurae Prevalence in Rodents and Insectivores in Senegal.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{dobigny_cytotaxonomic_2002,
	title = {A cytotaxonomic survey of {Rodents} from {Niger}: implications for systematics, biodiversity and biogeography},
	volume = {66},
	issn = {0025-1461, 1864-1547},
	shorttitle = {A cytotaxonomic survey of {Rodents} from {Niger}},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1515/mamm.2002.66.4.495},
	doi = {10.1515/mamm.2002.66.4.495},
	abstract = {We here present an inventory of rodents from Niger, mainly based on cytotaxonomic data because of the presence of many groups providing sibling species. A total of 39 species are listed, one of which is a new chromosomal form (Talerillus sp.). Moreover, three other cytotypes already described but still not specifically attributed were found (Mastomys sp., Acomys sp. and Tatera sp). New karyotypic data are presented for Gerbillus nancillus, Graphiurus cf. pan{\textasciicircum}us, Massouteria mzabi, and Xerus erythropus. Once again, the efficiency of cytotaxonomy for small mammals inventories is enhanced.},
	language = {en},
	number = {4},
	urldate = {2021-02-26},
	journal = {Mammalia},
	author = {Dobigny, G. and Nomao, A. and Gautun, J.-C.},
	year = {2002},
	file = {Dobigny et al. - 2002 - A cytotaxonomic survey of Rodents from Niger impl.pdf:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/E5CQ2JE6/Dobigny et al. - 2002 - A cytotaxonomic survey of Rodents from Niger impl.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{diatta_comparative_1994,
	title = {A comparative study of three methods of detection of {Borrelia} crocidurae in wild rodents in {Senegal}},
	volume = {88},
	issn = {00359203},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/0035-9203(94)90412-X},
	doi = {10.1016/0035-9203(94)90412-X},
	abstract = {In a rural areain Senegalwith a high incidence of tick-borne relapsing fever in humans, Borrelia crocidurae was studied in the blood and brain of wild rodents (Mastomys etythroleucus, A{\textasciitilde}icanthis niloticus and Rattus rat\&s) using 3 methods: (i) direct examination of thick blood films; (ii) intraperitoneal inoculation of blood into white mice; (iii) in{\textasciitilde}a{\textasciitilde}ritoneal inoculation of homogen{\textasciitilde}ed cerebral tissue into white mice. Of the 82 rodents examined, the proportion of infected animals was respectively 2.4\%, 7.3\% and 146\% for each method, and 18.3\% for all 3 methods combined. Of the 12 animals with infected cerebral tissue, only 3 were found to have infected blood. These results suggestthat isolated infections of the brain occur frequently in Senegalesewild rodents. Measurement of the real prevalence of B. crocidurae should therefore take into account these infections in addition to blood infections.},
	language = {en},
	number = {4},
	urldate = {2021-03-29},
	journal = {Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene},
	author = {Diatta, G. and Trape, J.F. and Legros, F. and Rogier, C. and Duplantier, J.M.},
	month = jul,
	year = {1994},
	pages = {423--424},
	file = {Diatta et al. - 1994 - A comparative study of three methods of detection .pdf:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/43NTI6RN/Diatta et al. - 1994 - A comparative study of three methods of detection .pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{ryan_mammal_2000,
	title = {Mammal fauna of the {Muni}-{Pomadze} {Ramsar} site, {Ghana}.},
	volume = {9},
	issn = {0960-3115},
	doi = {10.1023/A:1008964000018},
	abstract = {A survey of the terrestrial mammal fauna of Muni-Pomadze Ramsar site along the Ghana coastline recorded 13 species, with 9 additional species reported by local villagers. Small mammal communities are most diverse in the grassland-thicket habitats surrounding the lagoons. Less diverse communities were present in and around managed Ecalyptus plantations or near villages. Duikers, antelope, bushbuck (Tragelaphus scriptus), and cane rats (Thryonomys swinderianus) are hunted (or trapped) for bushmeat. Bushbuck, in particular, play an important role in certain cultural ceremonies at Muni-Pomadze. Conservation efforts at these localities should focus on the management of bushmeat species and the establishment of a long-term monitoring program using small mammal communities as bioindicators of the health of the terrestrial habitats bordering Muni Lagoon.},
	number = {4},
	journal = {Biodiversity and Conservation},
	author = {Ryan, James M. and Attuquayefio, Daniel},
	month = apr,
	year = {2000},
	pages = {541--560},
}

@article{nicolas_terrestrial_2010,
	title = {Terrestrial small mammal diversity and abundance in central {Benin}: comparison between habitats, with conservation implications},
	volume = {48},
	issn = {0141-6707},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2028.2010.01221.x},
	doi = {10.1111/j.1365-2028.2010.01221.x},
	abstract = {We performed a terrestrial small mammal species inventory in the Agoua and Wari-Maro forest reserves (Benin). Four localities were sampled, and in each locality, three habitats were surveyed: dense forest, open forest or woodland savannah and shrub savannah. This is the first comprehensive inventory for small mammals in central Benin. We captured 794 small mammals representing twenty species (six shrew species, fourteen rodent species). Three new species that need to be described were recorded. We observed a mixture of both true forest species and of species adapted to a wider range of habitats ranging from savannah to forest clearings. Species with either Sudanian or Guinea-Congolian affinities were recorded, as well as a new species endemic to Togo and Benin. This rich biodiversity underlines the urgent need for an effective protection of these forests. The Sudanian species Crocidura cf. foxi was more abundant in Wari-Maro than in Agoua forest, while the Guineo-Congolian species Praomys misonnei and Hylomyscus sp were only captured in Agoua forest. These results are in agreement with the fact that these two forests belong to two distinct chorological zones.Resume},
	number = {4},
	journal = {AFRICAN JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY},
	author = {Nicolas, Violaine and Natta, Armand and Barriere, Patrick and Delapre, Arnaud and Colyn, Marc},
	month = dec,
	year = {2010},
	pages = {1092--1104},
	file = {Nicolas et al. - 2010 - Terrestrial small mammal diversity and abundance i.pdf:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/WZFYPVKD/Nicolas et al. - 2010 - Terrestrial small mammal diversity and abundance i.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{monath_lassa_1974,
	title = {Lassa virus isolation from {Mastomys} natalensis rodents during an epidemic in {Sierra} {Leone}},
	volume = {185},
	copyright = {From MEDLINE, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1126/science.185.4147.263},
	doi = {10.1126/science.185.4147.263},
	abstract = {Lassa fever is a severe febrile illness of man, first recognized in West Africa in 1969. During an epidemic in Sierra Leone, Lassa virus was isolated for the first time from wild rodents of Mastomys natalensis. A high prevalence of infected Mastomys was found in houses occupied by patients with Lassa fever. The data presented provide the first demonstration of an extra-human cycle of Lassa virus transmission and suggest that rodent control may be an effective method of limiting the disease.},
	number = {4147},
	journal = {Science},
	author = {Monath, T. P. and Newhouse, V. F. and Kemp, G. E. and Setzer, H. W. and Cacciapuoti, A.},
	month = jul,
	year = {1974},
	pmid = {4833828},
	keywords = {Animals, *Rodentia, Lassa virus/ip [Isolation \& Purification], Sierra Leone, *Disease Vectors, Virus Diseases/mi [Microbiology], *RNA Viruses/ip [Isolation \& Purification], *Virus Diseases},
	pages = {263--265},
	file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/M5MI2FZJ/Monath et al. - 1974 - Lassa Virus Isolation from Mastomys natalensis Rod.pdf:application/pdf;Full Text PDF:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/HAR4FR8S/Monath et al. - 1974 - Lassa Virus Isolation from Mastomys natalensis Rod.pdf:application/pdf;Monath et al. - 1974 - Lassa Virus Isolation from Mastomys natalensis Rod.pdf:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/TLJQF7FP/Monath et al. - 1974 - Lassa Virus Isolation from Mastomys natalensis Rod.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/VNVCJ5YY/263.html:text/html},
}

@article{mccormick_prospective_1987,
	title = {A prospective study of the epidemiology and ecology of {Lassa} fever.},
	volume = {155},
	issn = {0022-1899},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/155.3.437},
	doi = {10.1093/infdis/155.3.437},
	abstract = {In studies of Lassa fever in Sierra Leone, the prevalence of human antibody to Lassa virus ranged from 8\% to 52\%. Mastomys natalensis, the reservoir of Lassa virus, constituted 50\%-60\% of the rodents captured in houses but only 10\%-20\% of those captured in surrounding agriculture and bush areas (chi 2 = 90.2, P less than 10(-6), df = 1), a finding suggesting that houses are the most-important location for transmission of Lassa virus. Viral infection of Mastomys from houses ranged from 0\% to 80\%. The incidence of seroconversions in susceptible persons ranged from 5\% to 22\% per year; the ratio of illness to infection ranged from 9\% to 26\%, and the proportion of febrile illness associated with seroconversion was 5\%-14\%. Eightfold rises in titer of antibody occurred in 1\%-18\% of the antibody-positive population, a result suggesting reinfection. We estimate the ratio of fatalities to infection to be 1\%-2\%, a rate lower than estimates based on hospitalized cases. The high incidence of Lassa fever makes it a major problem in West Africa.},
	number = {3},
	journal = {The Journal of infectious diseases},
	author = {McCormick, J B and Webb, P A and Krebs, J W and Johnson, K M and Smith, E S},
	year = {1987},
	note = {Place: United States},
	keywords = {Animals, Child, Humans, Male, Disease Reservoirs, Rodent Diseases/ep [Epidemiology], Female, Adult, Middle Aged, Adolescent, Prospective Studies, Child, Preschool, *Lassa Fever/ep [Epidemiology], Lassa Fever/tm [Transmission], Sierra Leone, Muridae/mi [Microbiology], Antibodies, Viral/an [Analysis], Lassa virus/im [Immunology], Lassa Fever/ve [Veterinary]},
	pages = {437--44},
	file = {McCormick et al. - 1987 - A Prospective Study of the Epidemiology and Ecolog.pdf:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/4JMGJA9Y/McCormick et al. - 1987 - A Prospective Study of the Epidemiology and Ecolog.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{marien_households_2020,
	title = {Households as hotspots of {Lassa} fever? {Assessing} the spatial distribution of {Lassa} virus-infected rodents in rural villages of {Guinea}},
	volume = {9},
	issn = {null},
	shorttitle = {Households as hotspots of {Lassa} fever?},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1080/22221751.2020.1766381},
	doi = {10.1080/22221751.2020.1766381},
	abstract = {The Natal multimammate mouse (Mastomys natalensis) is the reservoir host of Lassa virus (LASV), an arenavirus that causes Lassa haemorrhagic fever in humans in West Africa. While previous studies suggest that spillover risk is focal within rural villages due to the spatial behaviour of the rodents, the level of clustering was never specifically assessed. Nevertheless, detailed information on the spatial distribution of infected rodents would be highly valuable to optimize LASV-control campaigns, which are limited to rodent control or interrupting human–rodent contact considering that a human vaccine is not available. Here, we analysed data from a four-year field experiment to investigate whether LASV-infected rodents cluster in households in six rural villages in Guinea. Our analyses were based on the infection status (antibody or PCR) and geolocation of rodents (n = 864), and complemented with a phylogenetic analysis of LASV sequences (n = 119). We observed that the majority of infected rodents were trapped in a few houses (20\%) and most houses were rodent-free at a specific point in time (60\%). We also found that LASV strains circulating in a specific village were polyphyletic with respect to neighbouring villages, although most strains grouped together at the sub-village level and persisted over time. In conclusion, our results suggest that: (i) LASV spillover risk is heterogeneously distributed within villages in Guinea; (ii) viral elimination in one particular village is unlikely if rodents are not controlled in neighbouring villages. Such spatial information should be incorporated into eco-epidemiological models that assess the cost-efficiency of LASV control strategies.},
	number = {1},
	urldate = {2020-10-21},
	journal = {Emerging Microbes \& Infections},
	author = {Mariën, Joachim and Iacono, Giovanni Lo and Rieger, Toni and Magassouba, Nfaly and Günther, Stephan and Fichet-Calvet, Elisabeth},
	month = jan,
	year = {2020},
	pmid = {32459576},
	note = {Publisher: Taylor \& Francis
\_eprint: https://doi.org/10.1080/22221751.2020.1766381},
	keywords = {Animals, Humans, infections, rural areas, vectors, Phylogeny, epidemiology, hosts, *Rodent Diseases/ep [Epidemiology], antibodies, dwellings, rodent control, Mastomys natalensis, Lassa virus, Lassa fever, Guinea, analysis, phylogeny, vector control, Animal Distribution, Behavior, Animal, West Africa, Antibodies, *Rural Population/sn [Statistics \& Numerical Data], households, disease prevention, human diseases, pest control, spatial distribution, viral diseases, reservoir hosts, haemorrhagic fevers, vaccines, taxonomy, disease vectors, models, molecular genetics, disease control, research, RNA, Lassa Fever/ep [Epidemiology], Disease Reservoirs/vi [Virology], villages, Antibodies, Viral/bl [Blood], *Spatial Analysis, *Murinae/vi [Virology], Guinea/ep [Epidemiology], Animal, Rodent Diseases/vi [Virology], *Lassa Fever/ve [Veterinary], molecular taxonomy, Viral/bl [Blood], *Housing/sn [Statistics \& Numerical Data], Behavior, cluster analyses, cost effectiveness analysis, RNA, Viral/bl [Blood]},
	pages = {1055--1064},
	file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/EH8LVDB4/Mariën et al. - 2020 - Households as hotspots of Lassa fever Assessing t.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/2YL7RA9L/22221751.2020.html:text/html},
}

@article{marien_evaluation_2019,
	title = {Evaluation of rodent control to fight {Lassa} fever based on field data and mathematical modelling.},
	volume = {8},
	issn = {2222-1751},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1080/22221751.2019.1605846},
	doi = {10.1080/22221751.2019.1605846},
	abstract = {The Natal multimammate mouse (Mastomys natalensis) is the reservoir host of Lassa virus, an arenavirus that causes Lassa haemorrhagic fever in humans in West Africa. Because no vaccine exists and therapeutic options are limited, preventing infection through rodent control and human behavioural measures is currently considered to be the only option. In order to assess the efficacy of rodent control, we performed a 4-year field experiment in rural Upper Guinea and developed a mathematical model to simulate different control strategies (annual density control, continuous density control, and rodent vaccination). For the field study, rodenticide baits were placed each year in three rural villages, while three other villages were used as controls. Rodents were trapped before and after every treatment and their antibody status and age were determined. Data from the field study were used to parameterize the mathematical model. In the field study, we found a significant negative effect of rodent control on seroprevalence, but this effect was small especially given the effort. Furthermore, the rodent populations recovered rapidly after rodenticide application, leading us to conclude that an annual control strategy is unlikely to significantly reduce Lassa virus spillover to humans. In agreement with this finding, the mathematical model suggests that the use of continuous control or rodent vaccination is the only strategy that could lead to Lassa virus elimination. These field and model results can serve as a guide for determining how long and frequent rodent control should be done in order to eliminate Lassa virus in rural villages.},
	number = {1},
	journal = {Emerging Microbes \& Infections},
	author = {Mariën, Joachim and Borremans, Benny and Kourouma, Fode and Baforday, Jatta and Rieger, Toni and Gunther, Stephan and Magassouba, N'Faly and Leirs, Herwig and Fichet-Calvet, Elisabeth},
	year = {2019},
	note = {Place: United States
Marien, Joachim. a Evolutionary Ecology Group, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.
Borremans, Benny. b University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Borremans, Benny. c Interuniversity Institute for Biostatistics and Statistical Bioinformatics (I-BIOSTAT), Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium.
Kourouma, Fode. d Laboratoire des Fievres Hemorragiques, Nongo, Guinee.
Baforday, Jatta. e Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany.
Rieger, Toni. e Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany.
Gunther, Stephan. e Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany.
Magassouba, N'Faly. d Laboratoire des Fievres Hemorragiques, Nongo, Guinee.
Leirs, Herwig. a Evolutionary Ecology Group, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.
Fichet-Calvet, Elisabeth. e Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany.},
	keywords = {Animals, Seroepidemiologic Studies, rural areas, Disease Reservoirs, hosts, *Antibodies, Viral/bl [Blood], antibodies, seroprevalence, rodent control, Mastomys natalensis, Lassa virus, Lassa fever, Models, Theoretical, Guinea, arenavirus, mathematical models, disease prevalence, vaccination, efficacy, human diseases, pest control, rodenticides, reservoir hosts, haemorrhagic fevers, immunization, vaccines, models, emerging infectious diseases, *Murinae, *Lassa virus/im [Immunology], *Lassa Fever/pc [Prevention \& Control], villages, Models, *Antibodies, *Rodent Control/mt [Methods], fever, Viral/bl [Blood], *Disease Transmission, *Disease Transmission, Infectious/pc [Prevention \& Control], *Health Services Research, baits, Infectious/pc [Prevention \& Control], pesticides, rodent vaccination, rodent-borne virus, Theoretical},
	pages = {640--649},
	file = {Full Text:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/8S85NULX/Marien et al. - 2019 - Evaluation of rodent control to fight Lassa fever .pdf:application/pdf;Full Text PDF:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/95YUJLCG/Mariën et al. - 2019 - Evaluation of rodent control to fight Lassa fever .pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/KBKUZLV4/22221751.2019.html:text/html},
}

@article{leski_sequence_2015,
	title = {Sequence variability and geographic distribution of {Lassa} virus, {Sierra} {Leone}.},
	volume = {21},
	issn = {1080-6059},
	doi = {10.3201/eid2104.141469},
	abstract = {Lassa virus (LASV) is endemic to parts of West Africa and causes highly fatal hemorrhagic fever. The multimammate rat (Mastomys natalensis) is the only known reservoir of LASV. Most human infections result from zoonotic transmission. The very diverse LASV genome has 4 major lineages associated with different geographic locations. We used reverse transcription PCR and resequencing microarrays to detect LASV in 41 of 214 samples from rodents captured at 8 locations in Sierra Leone. Phylogenetic analysis of partial sequences of nucleoprotein (NP), glycoprotein precursor (GPC), and polymerase (L) genes showed 5 separate clades within lineage IV of LASV in this country. The sequence diversity was higher than previously observed; mean diversity was 7.01\% for nucleoprotein gene at the nucleotide level. These results may have major implications for designing diagnostic tests and therapeutic agents for LASV infections in Sierra Leone.},
	number = {4},
	journal = {Emerging infectious diseases},
	author = {Leski, Tomasz A and Stockelman, Michael G and Moses, Lina M and Park, Matthew and Stenger, David A and Ansumana, Rashid and Bausch, Daniel G and Lin, Baochuan},
	year = {2015},
	keywords = {Animals, Africa, Afrotropical region, Land zones, Parasites diseases and disorders, Transmission, Phylogeny, Rats, Genotype, Geography, Diseases and disorders, Microbial   diseases, *Lassa Fever/ep [Epidemiology], Sierra Leone/ep [Epidemiology], Lassa Fever/tm [Transmission], Mastomys natalensis (Muridae)., *Lassa Fever/vi [Virology], *Lassa virus/ge [Genetics], *Genetic Variation, Viral, *Lassa virus/cl [Classification], *Phylogeography, Genes, Genome, Mastomys natalensis [Viral diseases / Lassa virus / Virus genetic   variation \& distribution] [Transmission of viruses /  / ] [Sierra Leone   /  / ]., Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis},
	pages = {609--18},
	file = {14-1469-TECHAPP1.pdf:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/J5GRV36T/14-1469-TECHAPP1.pdf:application/pdf;Full Text:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/UMR4FVRM/Leski et al. - 2015 - Sequence Variability and Geographic Distribution o.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{fair_lassa_2007,
	title = {Lassa {Virus}-{Infected} {Rodents} in {Refugee} {Camps} in {Guinea}: {A} {Looming} {Threat} to {Public} {Health} in a {Politically} {Unstable} {Region}},
	volume = {7},
	issn = {1530-3667, 1557-7759},
	shorttitle = {Lassa {Virus}-{Infected} {Rodents} in {Refugee} {Camps} in {Guinea}},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1089/vbz.2006.0581},
	doi = {10.1089/vbz.2006.0581},
	language = {en},
	number = {2},
	urldate = {2021-04-10},
	journal = {Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases},
	author = {Fair, Joseph and Jentes, Emily and Inapogui, Alphonse and Kourouma, Kerfella and Goba, Agustine and Bah, Alpha and Tounkara, Michel and Coulibaly, Mamadi and Garry, Robert F. and Bausch, Daniel G.},
	month = jun,
	year = {2007},
	pages = {167--171},
	file = {Fair et al. - 2007 - Lassa Virus-Infected Rodents in Refugee Camps in G.pdf:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/YBDDLJMH/Fair et al. - 2007 - Lassa Virus-Infected Rodents in Refugee Camps in G.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{denys_new_2012,
	title = {On a new species of {Dendromus} ({Rodentia}, {Nesomyidae}) from {Mount} {Nimba}, {Guinea}.},
	volume = {76},
	issn = {0025-1461},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1515/mammalia-2011-0012},
	doi = {10.1515/mammalia-2011-0012},
	abstract = {The taxonomic position of the westernmost representatives of the genus Dendromus in Africa is clarified herein associated with the recent capture of specimens in a range of habitats and elevations on Mount Nimba, Guinea. On the basis of morphological, morphometric and cytogenetic characters, we describe these animals as a new species. The distinguishing characteristics of the new species, with respect to D. melanotis and D. mystacalis from Gabon and Ghana, include the absence of a dorsal stripe and a larger body size. The new species is also smaller in size than D. oreas from Mount Cameroon. The new species has morphological similarities with karyo-typed specimens of D. messorius from Ippy (Central African Republic) and the so-called D. melanotis from La Maboke, Gabon, but has a distinct karyotype. It is close in morphology to D. messorius from the Cameroon lowlands. This is the first time G and C banding were employed for members of the genus Dendromus, and the karyotype of the new species confirms that it may be a sibling species of the D. messorius "complex", for which the distribution and measure of species diversity in west central Africa are far from resolved. The new species occurs in Guinean and Liberian montane savannas of Mount Nimba and in banana and quinine plantations around Mount Ziama, Guinea. It is also known from the Ivory Coast. The presence of this new species highlights the importance of altitude savannas and forests of the Nimba region for conservation.},
	number = {3},
	journal = {Mammalia},
	author = {Denys, Christiane and Aniskine, Vladimir},
	month = aug,
	year = {2012},
	note = {ZOOREC:ZOOR14902007022},
	keywords = {Africa, Afrotropical region, Land zones, Diagnosis, Biometrics, Nomenclature, Systematics, Taxonomy, New taxa, Skeleton, Skeletal and supporting structures, Classification, Historical   schemes, p. 296].    Dendromus lachaisei (Muridae): [Sp nov, Guinea, P. 297]., Dendromus - Smith 1829 (Muridae): [Diagnostic characters of subordinate   taxa, Central African species, p. 300, Dendromus [Size / Cranial-dental measurements / Systematics] [Teeth /  /   ] [Skull /  / ] [Africa / West Africa / distribution].    Dendromus lachaisei [Guinea /  / New species] [Ivory Coast /  / ]   [Liberia /  / ]., Dentition},
	pages = {295--308},
	file = {Denys and Aniskine - 2012 - On a new species of Dendromus (Rodentia, Nesomyida.pdf:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/T4EK3DUP/Denys and Aniskine - 2012 - On a new species of Dendromus (Rodentia, Nesomyida.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{isaac_endoparasites_2018,
	title = {Endoparasites of {Small} {Mammals} in {Edo} {State}, {Nigeria}: {Public} {Health} {Implications}},
	volume = {56},
	issn = {0023-4001, 1738-0006},
	shorttitle = {Endoparasites of {Small} {Mammals} in {Edo} {State}, {Nigeria}},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2018.56.1.93},
	doi = {10.3347/kjp.2018.56.1.93},
	language = {en},
	number = {1},
	urldate = {2021-03-17},
	journal = {The Korean Journal of Parasitology},
	author = {Isaac, Clement and Igbinosa, Benjamin Igho and Ohiolei, John Asekhaen and Osimen, Catherine Eki},
	month = feb,
	year = {2018},
	pages = {93--100},
	file = {Full Text:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/CFSF24K4/Isaac et al. - 2018 - Endoparasites of Small Mammals in Edo State, Niger.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{trape_epidemiology_2013,
	series = {[{Erratum} in: {PLoS} {One}. 2014;9(1). doi:10.1371/annotation/20b57909-df52-4073-a93f-a6689f84389d {Note}: {Pugnolle}, {Franck} [corrected to {Prugnolle}, {Franck}]]},
	title = {The epidemiology and geographic distribution of relapsing fever borreliosis in {West} and {North} {Africa}, with a review of the {Ornithodoros} erraticus complex ({Acari}: {Ixodida}).},
	volume = {8},
	issn = {1932-6203},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0078473},
	doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0078473},
	abstract = {BACKGROUND: Relapsing fever is the most frequent bacterial disease in Africa. Four main vector / pathogen complexes are classically recognized, with the louse Pediculus humanus acting as vector for B. recurrentis and the soft ticks Ornithodoros sonrai, O. erraticus and O. moubata acting as vectors for Borrelia crocidurae, B. hispanica and B. duttonii, respectively. Our aim was to investigate the epidemiology of the disease in West, North and Central Africa., METHODS AND FINDINGS: From 2002 to 2012, we conducted field surveys in 17 African countries and in Spain. We investigated the occurrence of Ornithodoros ticks in rodent burrows in 282 study sites. We collected 1,629 small mammals that may act as reservoir for Borrelia infections. Using molecular methods we studied genetic diversity among Ornithodoros ticks and Borrelia infections in ticks and small mammals. Of 9,870 burrows investigated, 1,196 (12.1\%) were inhabited by Ornithodoros ticks. In West Africa, the southern and eastern limits of the vectors and Borrelia infections in ticks and small mammals were 13degreeN and 01degreeE, respectively. Molecular studies revealed the occurrence of nine different Ornithodoros species, including five species new for science, with six of them harboring Borrelia infections. Only B. crocidurae was found in West Africa and three Borrelia species were identified in North Africa: B. crocidurae, B. hispanica, and B. merionesi., CONCLUSIONS: Borrelia Spirochetes responsible for relapsing fever in humans are highly prevalent both in Ornithodoros ticks and small mammals in North and West Africa but Ornithodoros ticks seem absent south of 13degreeN and small mammals are not infected in these regions. The number of Ornithodoros species acting as vector of relapsing fever is much higher than previously known.},
	number = {11},
	journal = {PLoS ONE},
	author = {Trape, Jean-Francois and Diatta, Georges and Arnathau, Celine and Bitam, Idir and Sarih, M'hammed and Belghyti, Driss and Bouattour, Ali and Elguero, Eric and Vial, Laurence and Mane, Youssouph and Balde, Cellou and Prugnolle, Franck and Chauvancy, Gilles and Mahe, Gil and Granjon, Laurent and Duplantier, Jean-Marc and Durand, Patrick and Renaud, Francois},
	year = {2013},
	note = {Place: United States
Trape, Jean-Francois. Institut de recherche pour le developpement, Laboratoire de Paludologie Et Zoologie Medicale, Dakar, Senegal.},
	keywords = {Animals, Humans, bacterial diseases, infections, relapsing fever, spirochaetosis, epidemiology, Rodentia/ps [Parasitology], Disease Vectors, human diseases, geographical distribution, Africa/ep [Epidemiology], Rodentia/mi [Microbiology], *Phylogeny, *Borrelia/ph [Physiology], Relapsing Fever/mi [Microbiology], Borrelia/cl [Classification], Borrelia/py [Pathogenicity], Hedgehogs/mi [Microbiology], *Ornithodoros/mi [Microbiology], *Relapsing Fever/ve [Veterinary], *Tick Infestations/ep [Epidemiology], Hedgehogs/ps [Parasitology], Ornithodoros/cl [Classification], Relapsing Fever/ep [Epidemiology], Tick Infestations/mi [Microbiology]},
	pages = {e78473},
	file = {Full Text:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/URNBDRNW/Trape et al. - 2013 - The epidemiology and geographic distribution of re.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{ivoke_studies_2009,
	title = {Studies on the seasonal variations and prevalence of helminth fauna of the black rat, {Rattus} rattus ({L}) ({Rodentia}: {Muridae}) from different microhabitats in {Nsukka}, {Nigeria}.},
	volume = {6},
	issn = {1597-3115},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.4314/ari.v6i3.55986},
	doi = {10.4314/ari.v6i3.55986},
	abstract = {A twelve-month epizootic survey was conducted to evaluate the helminth fauna of the Nigerian strain of the black rat, Rattus rattus from six microecological habitats in Nsukka area of Nigeria and to assess the zoonotic and public health implications of the findings. Altogether 1458 rats (56.5 \% ma/es and 43.5 \% females) were trapped and examined for helminths. A total of 1098 rats (55.7 \% ma/es and 44.3\% females) harboured helminth parasites thus providing and overall prevalence of 75.3\% and a mean worn burden 01.3. The between-sex difference was statistically significant =2.64, P {\textless} 0.05) with more ma/es (53.2 \%) than females (46.8 \%) harbouring helminth parasites. There was no marked variation in the infection pattern in the rat host from the different habitats, but the parasite prevalence and distribution appeared to be season-dependent. Parasites (n = 1469) recovered were of 3 helminth groups (nematodes 72.4\%, cestodes 27,5\%, and trematodes 0.6\%). Six nematode species identified were Nippostrongylus braziliensis (19.8\%), Aspicularis tetraptera (17.5\%), Syphacia muris 17,0 \%), Angiostrongy/us cantonensis 16.9\%), Strongy/oides ratti (16.0\%) and Capi//aria hepatica (12,8\%). Also recovered from their rat hosts were the following six cestode species; Hymenolepis diminuta (22,7\%), Taenia taeniaeformis (17.4\%), T. muris (17.1 \%), T. hydatigera (16.6\%), H. nana (16.4\%) and Raillietina muris (9.8\%), Trematodes (n=9) belonging to 3 species, Plagiochis muris, Platynosomoides muris and Corrigia muris were also recovered from five infected rats. A total of 103 rat hosts harboured single infections of nematodes, 818 (98.9\%) had combined nematode/cestode infections, 5 (6.0\%) haboured a combination of nematode/trematode whereas 4 (0.5\%) showed concurrent cestode/trematode infections The influence of seasonal fluctuations on the parasite-host relationship, life cycle patterns of the parasites and immunological potentials of the rat hosts are discussed.},
	number = {3},
	journal = {Animal Research International},
	author = {Ivoke, Njoku},
	month = dec,
	year = {2009},
	note = {ZOOREC:ZOOR14803026105},
	pages = {1063--1071},
	file = {Ivoke - 2009 - Studies on the seasonal variations and prevalence .pdf:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/AL7KJUEL/Ivoke - 2009 - Studies on the seasonal variations and prevalence .pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{fichet-calvet_spatial_2005,
	title = {Spatial distribution of commensal rodents in regions with high and low {Lassa} fever prevalence in {Guinea}},
	volume = {135},
	issn = {0777-6276},
	url = {https://biblio.naturalsciences.be/associated_publications/bjz/bibliographic-references/ISI_000203706900011},
	number = {S},
	journal = {Belgian Journal of Zoology},
	author = {Fichet-Calvet, Elisabeth and Koulemou, Kekoura and Koivogui, Lamine and Soropogui, Barre and Sylla, Oumar and Lecompte, Emilie and Daffis, Stephane and Kouadio, Allali and Kouassi, Stephane and Akoua-Koffi, Chantal and Denys, Christiane and ter Meulen, Jan},
	month = dec,
	year = {2005},
	keywords = {Africa, Afrotropical region, Land zones, Parasites diseases and disorders, Transmission, prevalence, Lassa fever, Mastomys, occurrence, Diseases and disorders, Microbial   diseases, Zoogeography, Cricetomys, Praomys, risk, Cricetomys (Muridae).    Mastomys (Muridae).    Myomys (Muridae).    Praomys (Muridae).    Rattus (Muridae)., Myomys, Rattus [Viral diseases / Lassa   fever / transmission to man] [Transmission of viruses /  / ]   [Zoogeography / Spatial distribution / ] [Guinea /  / ]., rodent-borne disease},
	pages = {63--67},
	file = {Fichet-Calvet et al. - 2005 - Spatial distribution of commensal rodents in regio.pdf:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/UXN6JZ87/Fichet-Calvet et al. - 2005 - Spatial distribution of commensal rodents in regio.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{brouat_seroprevalence_2018,
	title = {Seroprevalence of {Toxoplasma} gondii in commensal rodents sampled across {Senegal}, {West} {Africa}.},
	volume = {25},
	issn = {1776-1042},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1051/parasite/2018036},
	doi = {10.1051/parasite/2018036},
	abstract = {Risks related to Toxoplasma gondii infection in humans remain poorly known in Senegal. Although rodent surveys could help to assess the circulation of T. gondii, they have seldom been set up in sub-Saharan Africa. The aim of this study was to examine Toxoplasma seroprevalence in rodents from villages and towns across Senegal. Rodents were sampled in 40 localities using a standardised trapping protocol. Detection of T. gondii antibodies was performed on 1205 rodents, using a modified agglutination test (MAT) technique. Seroprevalence data were analysed depending on geography, the local rodent community, and individual characteristics of the rodent hosts. We found 44 seropositive rodents from four different species (Mastomys erythroleucus, Mastomys natalensis, Mus musculus domesticus, Rattus rattus). Toxoplasma seroprevalence was low, averaging 4\% in the localities. Higher Toxoplasma seroprevalence (up to 24\%) was found in northern Senegal, a region known to be the heart of pastoral herding in the country. Copyright © C. Brouat et al., published by EDP Sciences, 2018.},
	number = {bz6, 9437094},
	journal = {Parasite},
	author = {Brouat, Carine and Diagne, Christophe Amidi and Ismail, Khadija and Aroussi, Abdelkrim and Dalecky, Ambroise and Ba, Khalilou and Kane, Mamadou and Niang, Youssoupha and Diallo, Mamoudou and Sow, Aliou and Galal, Lokman and Piry, Sylvain and Darde, Marie-Laure and Mercier, Aurelien},
	year = {2018},
	note = {Place: France
Brouat, Carine. CBGP, IRD, CIRAD, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, Univ. Montpellier, 755 avenue du campus Agropolis, 34988 Montferrier-sur-Lez cedex, France.
Diagne, Christophe Amidi. CBGP, IRD, CIRAD, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, Univ. Montpellier, 755 avenue du campus Agropolis, 34988 Montferrier-sur-Lez cedex, France - BIOPASS, CBGP-IRD, ISRA, UCAD, Campus de Bel-Air, BP 1386, Dakar CP 18524, Senegal.
Ismail, Khadija. UMR-S 1094, Neuroepidemiologie Tropicale, INSERM, Univ. Limoges, 2 rue du Dr Marcland, 87025 Limoges, France.
Aroussi, Abdelkrim. UMR-S 1094, Neuroepidemiologie Tropicale, INSERM, Univ. Limoges, 2 rue du Dr Marcland, 87025 Limoges, France.
Dalecky, Ambroise. LPED, IRD, Aix Marseille Univ., Centre St Charles, case 10, 3 place Victor Hugo, CS 80249, 13331 Marseille cedex 03, France.
Ba, Khalilou. BIOPASS, CBGP-IRD, ISRA, UCAD, Campus de Bel-Air, BP 1386, Dakar CP 18524, Senegal.
Kane, Mamadou. BIOPASS, CBGP-IRD, ISRA, UCAD, Campus de Bel-Air, BP 1386, Dakar CP 18524, Senegal.
Niang, Youssoupha. BIOPASS, CBGP-IRD, ISRA, UCAD, Campus de Bel-Air, BP 1386, Dakar CP 18524, Senegal.
Diallo, Mamoudou. BIOPASS, CBGP-IRD, ISRA, UCAD, Campus de Bel-Air, BP 1386, Dakar CP 18524, Senegal.
Sow, Aliou. BIOPASS, CBGP-IRD, ISRA, UCAD, Campus de Bel-Air, BP 1386, Dakar CP 18524, Senegal.
Galal, Lokman. UMR-S 1094, Neuroepidemiologie Tropicale, INSERM, Univ. Limoges, 2 rue du Dr Marcland, 87025 Limoges, France.
Piry, Sylvain. CBGP, IRD, CIRAD, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, Univ. Montpellier, 755 avenue du campus Agropolis, 34988 Montferrier-sur-Lez cedex, France.
Darde, Marie-Laure. UMR-S 1094, Neuroepidemiologie Tropicale, INSERM, Univ. Limoges, 2 rue du Dr Marcland, 87025 Limoges, France.
Mercier, Aurelien. UMR-S 1094, Neuroepidemiologie Tropicale, INSERM, Univ. Limoges, 2 rue du Dr Marcland, 87025 Limoges, France.},
	keywords = {Africa, Western/ep [Epidemiology], Animals, Humans, Africa, Afrotropical region, Hosts, Land zones, Male, Parasites, Parasites diseases and disorders, Female, Senegal, *Toxoplasmosis, Animal/ep [Epidemiology], antibodies, serological surveys, seroprevalence, Toxoplasmosis, Animal/ps [Parasitology], Mastomys natalensis, Rodent Diseases, rodents, Biometrics, Agglutination Tests, Senegal/ep [Epidemiology], *Murinae/ps [Parasitology], Mastomys erythroleucus, Blood, Mus musculus domesticus, Toxoplasma gondii, *Antibodies, Protozoan/bl [Blood], *Seroepidemiologic Studies, *Toxoplasma/im [Immunology], *Toxoplasmosis, Animal/im [Immunology], Circulatory system, first report] [ / Mastomys natalensis / ] [ / Mus musculus   domesticus / ] [ / Rattus rattus / ] [Senegal /  / ]., first report] [Plasma /   Serum / ] [Protozoan parasites / Toxoplasma gondii / ] [Senegal /  / ].    Toxoplasma gondii [Mammalian hosts / Mastomys erythroleucus /   Prevalence, Mastomys erythroleucus (Muridae): [Host].    Mastomys natalensis (Muridae): [Host].    Mus musculus domesticus (Muridae): [Host].    Rattus rattus (Muridae): [Host].    Toxoplasma gondii (Coccidia): [Parasite]., Rattus rattus [Weight / Body mass / prevalence, Symbiosis, Toxoplasmosis, Animal/bl [Blood]},
	pages = {32},
	file = {Full Text:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/BB94U5WV/Brouat et al. - 2018 - Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in commensal r.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{wulff_recent_1975,
	title = {Recent isolations of {Lassa} virus from {Nigerian} rodents},
	volume = {52},
	issn = {0042-9686},
	url = {https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2366652/},
	doi = {PMC2366652},
	abstract = {Rodents were trapped in the Benue-Plateau and North-Eastern States of Nigeria where Lassa fever had been reported in previous years. Eight Lassa virus strains were isolated from tissues and blood of rodents identified in the field as being of 3 different species: Mastomys natalensis, Rattus rattus, and Mus minutoides. All the infected rodents were collected in village habitats. These isolations indicate the presence of Lassa virus in wild rodents in Nigeria during periods when no human infections were evident., Prior studies in Sierra Leone have indicated that a single rodent species, M. natalensis, may be the important reservoir host of Lassa virus. Since the present study indicates that other rodent species may be involved as well, the ecology of Lassa virus may be more complicated than was heretofore supposed. In view of the importance of determining the geographic and species range of rodent hosts of Lassa virus, and because of the problems inherent in rodent identification under austere field conditions, it is urgent that further studies be conducted in the same areas of Nigeria to confirm these findings.},
	number = {4-6},
	urldate = {2020-10-21},
	journal = {Bulletin of the World Health Organization},
	author = {Wulff, Herta and Fabiyi, A. and Monath, T. P.},
	year = {1975},
	pmcid = {PMC2366652},
	keywords = {Animals, Rats, Mice, Nigeria, Lassa virus/cl [Classification], *Lassa virus/ip [Isolation \& Purification], *Rodentia/mi [Microbiology], *RNA Viruses/ip [Isolation \& Purification]},
	pages = {609--613},
	file = {PubMed Central Full Text PDF:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/33L2PWZ9/Wulff et al. - 1975 - Recent isolations of Lassa virus from Nigerian rod.pdf:application/pdf;Wulff et al. - Recent isolations of Lassa virus from Nigerian rod.pdf:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/9XTPBRHR/Wulff et al. - Recent isolations of Lassa virus from Nigerian rod.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{ebenezer_effects_2012,
	title = {Effects of {Urbanization} and {Agricultural} {Expansion} on the {Upsurge} of {Wild} {Rats} ({Rattus} rattus) in {Yenagoa} {Metropolis} of {Bayelsa} {State}, {Nigeria}.},
	volume = {4},
	abstract = {In this study, the impact of habitat characteristics on the abundance and relative distribution of wild black rats (Rattus rattus) as influenced by human activities was investigated in Yenagoa and its environs in Bayelsa state of Nigeria. Consequently three ecological zones namely: 1.zone of stable urban centre, 2.zone of rapid urban transformation, and 3.zone of undisturbed rural centre were mapped out with three ecological subsets from each zone. These subsets include; site A-undisturbed landscape area, site B-stable human settlement area and site C-refuse dump site area. Standard trapping procedures were then adopted using bread and raw cassava as baits. A total of 1411 black rats were caught in 1002 trap nights representing a mean trap success of 46.9\%. The relative abundance of rats caught were highest in zone 2 with 46.4\% and lowest in zone 1 with 11.9\%. An analysis of variance indicated that there was a significant difference in the abundance of rats in the various study zones( Fcal = 1.626, MSE = 21168.11, p{\textless}0.05). A Post Hoc analysis also shows a significant difference on the influence of site structure on black rat population. It is therefore worthwhile to conclude that black rat can be used as bioindicator to monitor the ecosystem health in an environment of growing human population.},
	number = {4},
	journal = {Research Journal of Applied Sciences Engineering and Technology},
	author = {Ebenezer, A. and Burubai, W.},
	year = {2012},
	note = {ZOOREC:ZOOR14808057708},
	pages = {273--276},
	file = {Ebenezer and Burubai - 2012 - Effects of Urbanization and Agricultural Expansion.pdf:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/6CTC4T7Q/Ebenezer and Burubai - 2012 - Effects of Urbanization and Agricultural Expansion.pdf:application/pdf;Ebenezer and Burubai - 2012 - Effects of Urbanization and Agricultural Expansion.pdf:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/PGCJLPWY/Ebenezer and Burubai - 2012 - Effects of Urbanization and Agricultural Expansion.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@book{decher_rapid_2004,
	series = {{RAP} {Bulletin} of {Biological} {Assessment}},
	title = {A rapid survey of terrestrial small mammals (shrews and rodents) of the {Foret} {Classee} du {Pic} de {Fon}, {Guinea}.},
	volume = {35},
	isbn = {1-881173-75-5},
	url = {https://www.worldcat.org/title/rapid-biological-assessment-of-the-foret-classee-du-pic-de-fon-simandou-range-southeastern-republic-of-guinea-une-evaluation-biologique-rapide-de-la-foret-classee-du-pic-de-fon-chaine-du-simandou-guinee/oclc/56130433},
	abstract = {A survey of the non-flying small mammal fauna during a rapid biological assessment (RAP) of two sites on the west slope of the Pic de Fon (Simandou Range, Guinea) recorded three species of shrews and eight species of rodents. An additional six species of squirrels were observed. No particularly rare or locally endemic small mammals were found. Trapping success was much lower (4-7 \%) at the higher elevation site (ca. 1,350 m) than at the lower elevation site (22-32 \%; ca. 620 m). Results were characteristic of montane semi-evergreen rain forest with higher levels of small mammal biomass at the lower elevation suggesting increased forest productivity due to an abundance of water, high plant and microhabitat diversity, and in core areas, relatively low levels of disturbance. Local hunters and guides confirmed the presence of the endemic Nimba otter shrew (Micropotamogale lamottei) based on pictures and descriptions of based on pictures and descriptions of lamottei the animal, but this species could not be observed or captured during the RAP.},
	author = {Decher, Jan},
	year = {2004},
	note = {ZOOREC:ZOOR14112070849},
	file = {Decher - 2004 - A rapid survey of terrestrial small mammals (shrew.pdf:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/E3FQVXDS/Decher - 2004 - A rapid survey of terrestrial small mammals (shrew.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@incollection{mccullough_rapid_2006,
	series = {{RAP} {Bulletin} of {Biological} {Assessment}},
	title = {A {Rapid} {Survey} of {Small} {Mammals} from the {Atewa} {Range} {Forest} {Reserve}, {Eastern} {Region}, {Ghana}},
	url = {https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Leeanne_Alonso/publication/265824142_Rapid_Assessment_Program_A_Rapid_Biological_Assessment_of_the_Atewa_Range_Forest_Reserve_Eastern_Ghana_A_Rapid_Biological_Assessment_of_the_Atewa_Range_Forest_Reserve_Eastern_Ghana/links/555f61a908ae8c0cab30b13c.pdf},
	abstract = {We report on the results of a small mammal survey in the Atewa Range Forest Reserve. A total of 12 bat species were recorded. Composition of bat species clearly reflects a forest assemblage, with no savanna species being observed. Two rarely recorded bat species (Hypsugo [crassulus] bellieri and Pipistrellus aff. grandidieri) are reported for the first time for Ghana, raising the total number of species for this country to 86. Together with specimens from five localities in West Africa, Pipistrellus aff. grandidieri from Atewa might represent an undescribed species. Hypsugo (crassulus) bellieri is endemic to the Upper Guinean forests. Zenker’s fruit bat Scotonycteris zenkeri is ranked on the Red List as Near Threatened (IUCN 2006). The three terrestrial small mammal species recorded during the survey are likewise forest-dependent and include two West African endemics: Edward’s swamp rat Malacomys edwardsi and the shrew Crocidura grandiceps. The latter is ranked as Near Threatened on the IUCN Red List and had not been recorded from Ghana since its description. The overall species composition of small mammals indicates high habitat integrity of the Atewa Range Forest Reserve, which constitutes the most significant block of Upland Evergreen Forest in Ghana. The integral protection of Atewa is an outstanding priority for the preservation of (sub-) montane forests in West Africa, both for the conservation of small mammals and of biodiversity in general. In accordance with international conservation principles on mining and biodiversity (Dudley and Stolton 2002, Miranda et al. 2005), we recommend that exploration concessions for Atewa are cancelled, that its legal protection status is upgraded, that no development is allowed within the forest reserve, and that effective management measures are implemented.},
	language = {en},
	number = {47},
	booktitle = {A {Rapid} {Biological} {Assessment} of the {Atewa} {Range} {Forest} {Reserve}, {Eastern} {Ghana}},
	author = {McCullough, Jennifer},
	year = {2006},
	pages = {10},
	file = {McCullough - A Rapid Biological Assessment of the Atewa Range F.pdf:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/7US38ZVK/McCullough - A Rapid Biological Assessment of the Atewa Range F.pdf:application/pdf;McCullough - A Rapid Biological Assessment of the Atewa Range F.pdf:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/TNPWH7NH/McCullough - A Rapid Biological Assessment of the Atewa Range F.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{granjon_small_2002,
	title = {The small mammal community of a coastal site of south‐west {Mauritania}},
	abstract = {The small mammal community of a coastal site of southwestern Mauritania was monitored using live trapping, owl pellet analysis and nocturnal visual censuses. Ten species of rodents and two shrews were recorded. Gerbillid rodents (Gerbillus nanus, G. gerbillus, G. tarabuli, G. nigeriae and Taterillus arenarius) were the most prevalent in traps, whereas a relatively large proportion of owl pellets were made up of a murid rodent, Mastomys huberti. The presence of two species of murids (M. huberti and Arvicanthis niloticus) in this presaharian environment is made possible by the presence of small patches of green vegetation associated with localized fresh water inputs. The contradiction of results from the sampling methods indicate potential biases in the determination of community composition and relative species abundance. Results are also discussed in estimating the potential role of predation and competition in this small mammal community.},
	language = {en},
	journal = {African Journal of Ecology},
	author = {Granjon, L and Bruderer, C and Cosson, J F and Dia, A T and Colas, F},
	year = {2002},
	pages = {8},
	file = {Granjon et al. - 2002 - The small mammal community of a coastal site of so.pdf:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/JQESMYPW/Granjon et al. - 2002 - The small mammal community of a coastal site of so.pdf:application/pdf;Granjon et al. - 2002 - The small mammal community of a coastal site of so.pdf:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/JZLLAVR9/Granjon et al. - 2002 - The small mammal community of a coastal site of so.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{stragier_interplay_2019,
	title = {Interplay between historical and current features of the cityscape in shaping the genetic structure of the house mouse ( {Mus} musculus domesticus) in {Dakar} ({Senegal}, {West} {Africa})},
	url = {http://biorxiv.org/lookup/doi/10.1101/557066},
	doi = {10.1101/557066},
	abstract = {A
            bstract
          
          
            Population genetic approaches may be used to investigate dispersal patterns of species living in highly urbanized environment in order to improve management strategies for biodiversity conservation or pest control. However, in such environment, population genetic structure may reflect both current features of the cityscape and urbanization history. This can be especially relevant when focusing on exotic commensal rodents that have been introduced in numerous primary colonial European settlements. Accounting for spatial and temporal cityscape heterogeneity to determine how past and recent demographic events may interplay to shape current population genetic structure of synanthropic rodents may provide useful insights to manage their populations. In this study, we addressed these issues by focusing on the house mouse,
            Mus musculus domesticus
            , in Dakar, Senegal, where the species may have been introduced as soon as Europeans settled in the middle of the nineteenth century. We examined genetic variation at one mitochondrial locus and 15 nuclear microsatellite markers from individuals sampled in 14 sampling sites representing different stages of urbanization history and different socio-economic environments in Dakar. We used various approaches, including model-based genetic clustering and model-free smoothing of pairwise genetic estimates. We further linked observed spatial genetic patterns to historical and current features of Dakar cityscape using random forest and Bayesian conditional autoregressive models. Results are consistent with an introduction of the house mouse at colonial time and the current genetic structure exhibits a gradient-like pattern reflecting the historical process of spatially continuous expansion of the city from the first European settlement. The genetic patterns further suggest that population dynamics of the house mouse is also driven by the spatial heterogeneity of the current cityscape, including socio-economics features, that translate in habitat quality. Our results highlight the potential importance of accounting for past demographic events to understand spatial genetic patterns of nonnative invasive commensal rodents in highly urbanized environment.},
	language = {en},
	urldate = {2021-03-08},
	journal = {Peer Community Journal},
	author = {Stragier, Claire and Piry, Sylvain and Loiseau, Anne and Kane, Mamadou and Sow, Aliou and Niang, Youssoupha and Diallo, Mamoudou and Ndiaye, Arame and Gauthier, Philippe and Borderon, Marion and Granjon, Laurent and Brouat, Carine and Berthier, Karine},
	month = feb,
	year = {2019},
	file = {Submitted Version:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/EFQ9V64D/Stragier et al. - 2019 - Interplay between historical and current features .pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{ofori_preliminary_2014,
	title = {Preliminary checklist and aspects of the ecology of small mammals at the {University} of {Ghana} {Botanical} {Garden}, {Accra} {Plains}, {Ghana}},
	issn = {2222-3045},
	url = {http://197.255.68.203/handle/123456789/6306},
	doi = {2222-3045},
	abstract = {Despite serving as a teaching, research and biodiversity conservation facility for over 60 years, the faunal composition at the University of Ghana Botanical Garden (UGBG) is virtually unknown. This study documents the richness, abundance, diversity, distribution and conservation status of small mammals at the UGBG. The methodology involved live-trapping using Sherman live-traps. Overall, 39 individuals belonging to three mammalian orders (Rodentia, Soricomorpha and Erinaceomorpha) and seven species, comprising of four rodents, two shrews and one hedgehog were recorded in 1,080 trap-nights. Overall trapping success and species diversity (Shannon-Wiener H’ and Simpson’s 1-D) indices were therefore 3.61\%, 1.59 and 0.76, respectively. Species richness and diversity were highest (four species; Hʹ = 1.33, 1-D = 0.72) in shrubland and lowest (two species; Hʹ = 0.48, 1-D = 0.3) in grassland. Overlaps of species among the study sites were low, with C. olivieri being the only species common to all sites. Crocidura olivieri was the most abundant species (41.2\%) in the forest, whereas M. erythroleucus dominated (81.3\%) in the grassland. Arvicanthis niloticus solatus and C. oliviera were equally abundant in shrubland. Arvicanthis n. solatus, P. daltoni, C. oliviera, C. foxi and A. albiventris are first records for the Accra Plains. These records add to the species list for the Accra Plains, and highlight the importance of the UGBG to small mammal zoogeography and conservation in Ghana.},
	language = {en},
	journal = {Journal of Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences},
	author = {Ofori, Benjamin Y and Garshon, Reuben A and Quartey, K},
	year = {2014},
	pages = {11},
	file = {Ofori et al. - 2014 - Preliminary checklist and aspects of the ecology o.pdf:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/LHGLHLN5/Ofori et al. - 2014 - Preliminary checklist and aspects of the ecology o.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@techreport{mol_small_2015,
	title = {Small terrestrial mammal and amphibian survey {Boé} region, {Guinea}-{Bissau}.},
	url = {https://www.silvavir.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/06/SilvaVir_Chimbo_SmMammalsAmphibians_Boe_Report_2015_DEF_web.pdf},
	institution = {Silvavir Forest Consultants},
	author = {Mol, R. R. and Westra, S. A.},
	year = {2015},
	doi = {osf.io/nj5v8/},
	file = {SilvaVir_Chimbo_SmMammalsAmphibians_Boe_Report_2015_DEF_web.pdf:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/NKXAWQYM/SilvaVir_Chimbo_SmMammalsAmphibians_Boe_Report_2015_DEF_web.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@incollection{mccullough_rapid_2005,
	address = {Washington, D.C.; Ghana},
	series = {{RAP} {Bulletin} of {Biological} {Assessment}},
	title = {Rapid assessment of {Small} {Mammals} at {Draw} {River}, {BoiTano}, and {Krokosua} {Hills}},
	isbn = {978-1-881173-90-8},
	url = {https://www.nhbs.com/a-biological-assessment-of-the-terrestrial-ecosystems-of-the-draw-river-boi-tano-tano-nimiri-and-krokosua-hills-forest-reserves-southwestern-ghana-book},
	language = {en},
	number = {36},
	booktitle = {A biological assessment of the terrestrial ecosystems of the {Draw} {River}, {Boi}-{Tano}, {Tano} {Nimiri} and {Krokosua} {Hills} forest reserves, southwestern {Ghana}},
	publisher = {Center for Applied Biodiversity Science ; Conservation International},
	author = {McCullough, Jennifer and Decher, Jan and Kpelle, David Guba and {Rapid Assessment Program (Conservation International)}},
	year = {2005},
	note = {OCLC: 68937175},
	file = {McCullough et al. - 2005 - A biological assessment of the terrestrial ecosyst.pdf:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/84NP82DD/McCullough et al. - 2005 - A biological assessment of the terrestrial ecosyst.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@incollection{monadjem_rapid_2005,
	series = {{RAP} {Bulletin} of {Biological} {Assessment}},
	title = {Rapid survey of bats of {North} {Lorma}, {Gola} and {Grebo} {National} {Forests}, with notes on shrews and rodents},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1896/978-1-934151-01-3.47},
	abstract = {Bats were sampled in three National Forests in Liberia using mist nets, a harp trap, and roost searches. Terrestrial small mammals were captured opportunistically and were not used in the final assessment of the forests. A total of 182 bats of 22 species was captured, representing 37\% of the bat species known to occur in Liberia. Species richness was highest at Gola and Grebo National Forests, possibly because secondary forest and forest edge was sampled there. North Lorma National Forest, where only forest interior was surveyed, had both the lowest capture success and the lowest species richness. Three IUCN Red List species were recorded: Rhinolophus hillorum (Vulnerable) in Gola National Forest, Scotonycteris zenkeri (Near Threatened) in Grebo National Forest, and Hipposideros fuliginosus (Near Threatened) in North Lorma National Forest. Bat assemblages in each of the surveyed areas were characterized by forestdependent species. Not a single species typical of savanna habitats was recorded, indicating high habitat integrity of the National Forests. Three species are reported for the first time from Liberia (Rhinolophus landeri, Neoromicia guineensis, Neoromicia aff. grandidieri), raising the species total for the country to 59. An updated checklist with corrected species identifications is presented for the bats of Liberia. Two species of shrews, one murid rodent, five squirrels and one anomalure (scaly-tailed squirrel) were also recorded, including the rarely reported Western Palm Squirrel Epixerus ebii and the Lesser Anomalure Anomalurus cf. pusillus.},
	language = {en},
	number = {44},
	booktitle = {A {Rapid} {Biological} {Assessment} of {North} {Lorma}, {Gola} and {Grebo} {National} {Forests}, {Liberia}},
	publisher = {Conservation International},
	author = {Monadjem, Ara and Fahr, Jakob},
	year = {2005},
	pages = {33},
	file = {Monadjem and Fahr - Rapid survey of bats of North Lorma, Gola and Greb.pdf:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/MWIMU285/Monadjem and Fahr - Rapid survey of bats of North Lorma, Gola and Greb.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@incollection{kwaku_rapid_2006,
	series = {{RAP} {Bulletin} of {Biological} {Assessment}},
	title = {A {Rapid} {Biodiversity} {Assessment} of the {Ajenjua} {Bepo} and {Mamang} {River} {Forest} {Reserves}, {Ghana}},
	volume = {50},
	isbn = {978-1-934151-26-6},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1896/054.050.0114},
	abstract = {Small mammals (shrews, rodents and bats) were surveyed in the Ajenjua Bepo and Mamang River forest reserves of eastern Ghana. A total of 128 specimens belonging to at least 18 species were recorded including five species of rodent, six species of shrew and seven bat species. Within Ajenjua Bepo, six shrew species were recorded including four forest species. Despite the high degree of disturbance of the secondary forest, three specimens of Crocidura muricauda were collected. Only three species of murid rodents were collected, with two forest species (Malacomys edwardi and Praomys tullbergi). Six pteropodid bat species and a single insectivorous bat species were recorded. Several of these species were forest-dwelling species. Within the Mamang River Forest Reserve, five or six shrew species were collected, the dominant species being the forest-dwelling Crocidura obscurior. With a similar trapping effort as at Site 1, a higher number of specimens (39) and species (5) of rodents were recorded within Mamang River. The forest-dwelling Praomys tullbergi was dominant. Only four specimens of a single forest-dwelling bat species (Myonycteris torquata) were recorded within the forest, most likely a result of weather conditions during surveys. Both species richness and species abundance of the forest shrew and murid rodent species point to a higher conservation potential of Mamang River than Ajenjua Bepo. Mamang River appears to present better conservation value due to 1) its larger size, 2) the absence of plantations within Mamang, and 3) the more structured arboreal vegetation within Mamang probably providing more fruit and leaf litter.},
	language = {en},
	booktitle = {A {Rapid} {Biodiversity} {Assessment} of the {Ajenjua} {Bepo} and {Mamang} {River} {Forest} {Reserves}, {Ghana}},
	author = {Kwaku, Lokko},
	year = {2006},
	file = {Kwaku - Rapid Survey of the Small Mammals of Ajenjua Bepo .pdf:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/YPZUHERH/Kwaku - Rapid Survey of the Small Mammals of Ajenjua Bepo .pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{ndiaye_tick-borne_2021,
	title = {Tick-borne relapsing fever {Borreliosis}, a major public health problem overlooked in {Senegal}},
	volume = {15},
	issn = {1935-2735},
	url = {https://journals.plos.org/plosntds/article?id=10.1371/journal.pntd.0009184},
	doi = {10.1371/journal.pntd.0009184},
	abstract = {Background Tick-borne relapsing fever (TBRF) is the most common vector-borne bacterial disease in humans in West Africa. It is frequently clinically confused with malaria. Our study aims to determine, on a micro-geographic scale, the conditions for the maintenance and spread of TBRF in the Niakhar district of Senegal. Methodology/Principal findings We conducted clinical, entomological and animal reservoir investigations. Field surveys were carried out in order to investigate the presence of Ornithodoros sonrai vector ticks and to detect Borrelia spp. by qPCR using the 16S rRNA and glpQ genes, respectively. Micromammal trapping series were carried out inside homes and Borrelia infection was detected using brain tissue qPCR. Capillary blood samples from febrile patients were also tested for Borrelia using qPCR. More than 97\% (40/41) of the villages surveyed were infested with O. sonrai ticks. The prevalence of Borrelia spp. infections in ticks was 13\% (116/910), and over 73\% (85/116) were positively confirmed as being Borrelia crocidurae. Borreliosis cases accounted for 12\% (94/800) of episodes of fever and all age groups were infected, with children and young people between the ages of 8–14 and 22–28 being the most infected by the disease (16\% and 18.4\%). TBRF cases occurred in all seasons, with a peak in August. In two species of small rodents that were found to be infected (Arvicanthis niloticus, Mus musculus), the proportion of Borrelia infection was 17.5\% (10/57), and the highest prevalence of infection (40.9\%, 9/22) was observed in A. niloticus. Conclusion/Significance Our study indicates that TBRF is an endemic disease in the Niakhar district, where children and young people are the most infected. Arvicanthis niloticus and O. sonrai ticks are massively present and appear to be the main epidemiological reservoirs causing its extensive spread to humans.},
	language = {en},
	number = {4},
	urldate = {2022-05-24},
	journal = {PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases},
	author = {Ndiaye, El Hadji Ibrahima and Diouf, Fatou Samba and Ndiaye, Mady and Bassene, Hubert and Raoult, Didier and Sokhna, Cheikh and Parola, Philippe and Diatta, Georges},
	month = apr,
	year = {2021},
	note = {Publisher: Public Library of Science},
	keywords = {Senegal, Mammals, Rodents, Ticks, Borrelia, Borrelia infection, Age groups, Fevers},
	pages = {e0009184},
	file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/E5JXLDXM/Ndiaye et al. - 2021 - Tick-borne relapsing fever Borreliosis, a major pu.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{granjon_small_2002-1,
	title = {The small mammal community of a coastal site of south-west {Mauritania}},
	volume = {40},
	issn = {1365-2028},
	url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1046/j.0141-6707.2001.00353.x},
	doi = {10.1046/j.0141-6707.2001.00353.x},
	abstract = {The small mammal community of a coastal site of south-western Mauritania was monitored using live trapping, owl pellet analysis and nocturnal visual censuses. Ten species of rodents and two shrews were recorded. Gerbillid rodents (Gerbillus nanus, G. gerbillus, G. tarabuli, G. nigeriae and Taterillus arenarius) were the most prevalent in traps, whereas a relatively large proportion of owl pellets were made up of a murid rodent, Mastomys huberti. The presence of two species of murids (M. huberti and Arvicanthis niloticus) in this presaharian environment is made possible by the presence of small patches of green vegetation associated with localized fresh water inputs. The contradiction of results from the sampling methods indicate potential biases in the determination of community composition and relative species abundance. Results are also discussed in estimating the potential role of predation and competition in this small mammal community.},
	language = {en},
	number = {1},
	urldate = {2022-05-24},
	journal = {African Journal of Ecology},
	author = {Granjon, L. and Bruderer, C. and Cosson, J. F. and Dia, A. T. and Colas, F.},
	year = {2002},
	note = {\_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1046/j.0141-6707.2001.00353.x},
	keywords = {Mastomys huberti, Mauritania, Gerbillus, owl pellets},
	pages = {10--17},
	file = {Snapshot:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/IKJLDY8A/j.0141-6707.2001.00353.html:text/html},
}

@article{fichet-calvet_lassa_2014,
	title = {Lassa serology in natural populations of rodents and horizontal transmission},
	volume = {14},
	copyright = {From MEDLINE, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.},
	doi = {10.1089/vbz.2013.1484},
	abstract = {Lassa virus causes hemorrhagic fever in West Africa. Previously, we demonstrated by PCR screening that only the multimammate mouse, Mastomys natalensis, hosts Lassa virus in Guinea. In the present study, we used the same specimen collection from 17 villages in Coastal, Upper, and Forest Guinea to investigate the Lassa virus serology in the rodent population. The aim was to determine the dynamics of antibody development in M. natalensis and to detect potential spillover infections in other rodent species. Immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody screening was performed using the indirect immunofluorescence assay with the Guinean Lassa virus strain Bantou 289 as antigen. The overall seroprevalence was 8\% (129/1551) with the following rodents testing positive: 109 M. natalensis, seven Mastomys erythroleucus, four Lemniscomys striatus, four Praomys daltoni, three Mus minutoides, and two Praomys rostratus. Nearly all of them (122/129) originated from Bantou, Tanganya, and Gbetaya, where Lassa virus is highly endemic in M. natalensis. The antibody seroprevalence in M. natalensis from this high-endemic area (27\%; 108/396) depended on the village, habitat, host age, and host abundance. A main positive factor was age; the maximum seroprevalence reached 50\% in older animals. Our data fit with a model implicating that most M. natalensis rodents become horizontally infected, clear the virus within a period significantly shorter than their life span, and develop antibodies. In addition, the detection of antibodies in other species trapped in the habitats of M. natalensis suggests spillover infections.},
	language = {English},
	number = {9},
	journal = {Vector Borne \& Zoonotic Diseases},
	author = {Fichet-Calvet, Elisabeth and Becker-Ziaja, Beate and Koivogui, Lamine and Gunther, Stephan},
	month = sep,
	year = {2014},
	pmid = {25229705},
	note = {Institution: Fichet-Calvet, Elisabeth. 1 Department of Virology, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany .},
	keywords = {Animals, Humans, Seroepidemiologic Studies, Africa, Afrotropical region, infections, Male, Parasites diseases and disorders, techniques, Transmission, Zoonoses, Ecology, Female, Immunoglobulin G/bl [Blood], *Rodent Diseases/ep [Epidemiology], antibodies, immunofluorescence, seroprevalence, transmission, serology, Lassa virus, Rodents, Mastomys, West Africa, Antibodies, Age Factors, detection, disease transmission, habitats, viral diseases, haemorrhagic fevers, polymerase chain reaction, IgG, immunoglobulins, antigens, tropics, screening, strains, Diseases and disorders, Microbial   diseases, *Lassa virus/im [Immunology], Lassa Fever/ep [Epidemiology], Lassa Fever/tm [Transmission], Lassa virus/ip [Isolation \& Purification], villages, Land   zones, Antibodies, Viral/bl [Blood], *Disease Reservoirs/vi [Virology], *Murinae/vi [Virology], Guinea/ep [Epidemiology], Praomys, Rodent Diseases/tm [Transmission], Rodent Diseases/vi [Virology], *Lassa Fever/ve [Veterinary], horizontal transmission, Mus, antibody testing, globulins, Horizontal transmission, Host age, Immunology and repair mechanisms, Lassa virus-Antibodies, Lemniscomys, Mastomys natalensis [Transmission of viruses / Horizontal transmission /   Seroprevalence, Muridae (Rodentia).    Mastomys natalensis (Muridae)., Tropics},
	pages = {665--674},
	file = {Full Text:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/8R6D8IBE/Fichet-Calvet et al. - 2014 - Lassa Serology in Natural Populations of Rodents a.pdf:application/pdf;PubMed Central Full Text PDF:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/JSJA47Y9/Fichet-Calvet et al. - 2014 - Lassa Serology in Natural Populations of Rodents a.pdf:application/pdf;PubMed Central Full Text PDF:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/D6YZUK4D/Fichet-Calvet et al. - 2014 - Lassa Serology in Natural Populations of Rodents a.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{garba_spatial_2014,
	title = {Spatial {Segregation} between {Invasive} and {Native} {Commensal} {Rodents} in an {Urban} {Environment}: {A} {Case} {Study} in {Niamey}, {Niger}},
	volume = {9},
	issn = {1932-6203},
	shorttitle = {Spatial {Segregation} between {Invasive} and {Native} {Commensal} {Rodents} in an {Urban} {Environment}},
	url = {https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0110666},
	doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0110666},
	abstract = {Invasive rodents have been responsible for the diffusion worldwide of many zoonotic agents, thus representing major threats for public health. Cities are important hubs for people and goods exchange and are thus expected to play a pivotal role in invasive commensal rodent dissemination. Yet, data about urban rodents' ecology, especially invasive vs. native species interactions, are dramatically scarce. Here, we provide results of an extensive survey of urban rodents conducted in Niamey, Niger, depicting the early stages of rodent bioinvasions within a city. We explore the species-specific spatial distributions throughout the city using contrasted approaches, namely field sampling, co-occurrence analysis, occupancy modelling and indicator geostatistics. We show that (i) two species (i.e. rural-like vs. truly commensal) assemblages can be identified, and that (ii) within commensal rodents, invasive (Rattus rattus and Mus musculus) and native (Mastomys natalensis) species are spatially segregated. Moreover, several pieces of arguments tend to suggest that these exclusive distributions reflect an ongoing native-to-invasive species turn over. The underlying processes as well as the possible consequences for humans are discussed.},
	language = {en},
	number = {11},
	urldate = {2023-06-06},
	journal = {PLOS ONE},
	author = {Garba, Madougou and Dalecky, Ambroise and Kadaoure, Ibrahima and Kane, Mamadou and Hima, Karmadine and Veran, Sophie and Gagare, Sama and Gauthier, Philippe and Tatard, Caroline and Rossi, Jean-Pierre and Dobigny, Gauthier},
	month = nov,
	year = {2014},
	note = {Publisher: Public Library of Science},
	keywords = {Rats, Cities, Trypanosoma, Rodents, Urban ecology, Invasive species, Species interactions, Towns},
	pages = {e110666},
	file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/E4N59A4F/Garba et al. - 2014 - Spatial Segregation between Invasive and Native Co.pdf:application/pdf;pone.0110666.pdf:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/VL6VYQ6U/pone.0110666.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/ZM696LKT/article.html:text/html},
}

@article{jeffrey_rodent_1977,
	title = {Rodent {Ecology} and {Land} {Use} in {Western} {Ghana}},
	volume = {14},
	issn = {0021-8901},
	url = {https://www.jstor.org/stable/2402806},
	doi = {10.2307/2402806},
	abstract = {A total of 27 460 trap days were distributed between eight habitat types chosen to represent the major land uses in the study area where primary tropical rain forest is being felled to make way for agriculture. Using three types of break-back traps 1169 small rodents were caught, the commonest species being Praomys tullbergi (487 specimens) with Lophuromys sikapusi second (281 specimens). The remaining 401 specimens comprised twelve species. Weights, measurements and reproductive details were taken of each specimen. The distribution of larger rodents not caught in traps, but exposed as a result of bulldozed clearance of their habitat is discussed. The removal of high forest and its replacement by agriculture and domestic housing increased the numbers, biomass and diversity of small rodents. Seasonal changes in trap success were noted, but the patterns differed from one habitat to another. In general, more rodents were trapped during the rains of the second quarter than during the dry months of the first quarter of the year. Seasonal changes in the breeding of two rodent species were also noted although they differed from each other, and speculations on the reasons why the rodent population varied from habitat to habitat are discussed.},
	number = {3},
	urldate = {2023-06-06},
	journal = {Journal of Applied Ecology},
	author = {Jeffrey, Sonia M.},
	year = {1977},
	note = {Publisher: [British Ecological Society, Wiley]},
	pages = {741--755},
	file = {JSTOR Full Text PDF:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/86VTNAP4/Jeffrey - 1977 - Rodent Ecology and Land Use in Western Ghana.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{marien_movement_2018,
	title = {Movement {Patterns} of {Small} {Rodents} in {Lassa} {Fever}-{Endemic} {Villages} in {Guinea}},
	volume = {15},
	issn = {1612-9210},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s10393-018-1331-8},
	doi = {10.1007/s10393-018-1331-8},
	abstract = {The Natal multimammate mouse (Mastomys natalensis) is the reservoir host of Lassa arenavirus, the etiological agent of Lassa fever in humans. Because there exists no vaccine for human use, rodent control and adjusting human behavior are currently considered to be the only options for Lassa fever control. In order to develop efficient rodent control programs, more information about the host’s ecology is needed. In this study, we investigated the spatial behavior of M. natalensis and other small rodents in two capture-mark-recapture and four dyed bait (Rhodamine B) experiments in Lassa fever-endemic villages in Upper Guinea. During the capture-mark-recapture studies, 23\% of the recaptured M. natalensis moved between the houses and proximate fields. While M. natalensis was found over the entire study grid (2 ha), other rodent species (Praomys daltoni, Praomys rostratus, Lemniscomys striatus, Mus spp.) were mostly trapped in the surrounding fields. Distances between recapture occasions never exceeded 100 m for all rodent species. During the dyed bait experiments, 11\% of M. natalensis and 41\% of P. daltoni moved from the fields to houses. We conclude that commensal M. natalensis easily moves between houses and proximate fields in Guinea. We therefore consider occasional domestic rodent elimination to be an unsustainable approach to reduce Lassa virus transmission risk to humans, as M. natalensis is likely to reinvade houses quickly from fields in which rodents are not controlled. A combination of permanent rodent elimination with other control strategies (e.g., make houses rodent proof or attract predators) could be more effective for Lassa fever control, but must be further investigated.},
	language = {en},
	number = {2},
	urldate = {2023-06-08},
	journal = {EcoHealth},
	author = {Mariën, Joachim and Kourouma, Fodé and Magassouba, N’Faly and Leirs, Herwig and Fichet-Calvet, Elisabeth},
	month = jun,
	year = {2018},
	keywords = {Animals, Endemic Diseases, Humans, Disease Reservoirs, Mastomys natalensis, Lassa Fever, Lassa virus, Guinea, Rodent Diseases, *Lassa Fever/ep [Epidemiology], Rodent Control, Spatial Analysis, *Disease Reservoirs/vi [Virology], Lassa Fever/pc [Prevention \& Control], *Rodent Diseases/vi [Virology], *Lassa Fever/ve [Veterinary], *Rodent Control/og [Organization \& Administration], Capture-mark-recapture, Rhodamine B, Rodent control},
	pages = {348--359},
	file = {Accepted Version:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/458NIJC8/Mariën et al. - 2018 - Movement Patterns of Small Rodents in Lassa Fever-.pdf:application/pdf;Full Text PDF:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/6CGLM7KH/Mariën et al. - 2018 - Movement Patterns of Small Rodents in Lassa Fever-.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{hima_native_2019,
	title = {Native and {Invasive} {Small} {Mammals} in {Urban} {Habitats} along the {Commercial} {Axis} {Connecting} {Benin} and {Niger}, {West} {Africa}},
	volume = {11},
	copyright = {http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/},
	issn = {1424-2818},
	url = {https://www.mdpi.com/1424-2818/11/12/238},
	doi = {10.3390/d11120238},
	abstract = {Based on compiled small mammal trapping data collected over 12 years from Benin and Niger (3701 individual records from 66 sampling sites), located in mainland Africa, we here describe the small mammal community assemblage in urban habitats along the commercial axis connecting the two countries, from the seaport of Cotonou to the Sahelian hinterland, with a particular focus on invasive species. In doing so, we document extant species distributions, which highlight the risks of continuing the range expansion of three synanthropic invasive rodent species, namely black rats (Rattus rattus), brown rats (R. norvegicus), and house mice (Mus musculus). Using various diversity estimates and community ecology approaches, we detect a latitudinal gradient of species richness that significantly decreased Northward. We show that shrews (Crocidura) represent a very important component of micro-mammal fauna in West African towns and villages, especially at lower latitudes. We also demonstrate that invasive and native synanthropic rodents do not distribute randomly in West Africa, which suggests that invasive species dynamics and history differ markedly, and that they involve gradual, as well as human-mediated, long distance dispersal. Patterns of segregation are also observed between native Mastomys natalensis and invasive rats R. rattus and R. norvegicus, suggesting potential native-to-invasive species turn over. Consequences of such processes, especially in terms of public health, are discussed.},
	language = {en},
	number = {12},
	urldate = {2023-06-06},
	journal = {Diversity},
	author = {Hima, Karmadine and Houémenou, Gualbert and Badou, Sylvestre and Garba, Madougou and Dossou, Henri-Joel and Etougbétché, Jonas and Gauthier, Philippe and Artige, Emma and Fossati-Gaschignard, Odile and Gagaré, Sama and Dobigny, Gauthier and Dalecky, Ambroise},
	month = dec,
	year = {2019},
	note = {Number: 12
Publisher: Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute},
	keywords = {Africa, Afrotropical region, Land zones, small mammals, Ecology, species richness, public health, biological invasion, synanthropy, Dispersal, Rattus, West Africa, fauna, villages, Zoogeography, Habitat, Man made habitat, urban areas, invasive species, community ecology, introduced species, Means of   dispersal, native species, Mammalia (Vertebrata).    Mus musculus (Muridae): [New record].    Rattus norvegicus (Muridae): [New record].    Rattus rattus (Muridae): [New record]., Mammalia [Community structure /  / native vs invasive, Mus, Rattus norvegicus, Rattus rattus [Introduction / Invasive   species / New record] [Benin /  / ] [Niger /  / ]., small taxa]   [Distribution within habitat /  / ] [Urban habitat /  / ] [Benin /  / ]   [Niger /  / ].    Mus musculus, synanthropic rodents, towns, \textit{Mus}, \textit{Rattus}},
	pages = {238},
	file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/UQZZQZ9V/Hima et al. - 2019 - Native and Invasive Small Mammals in Urban Habitat.pdf:application/pdf},
}

@article{iyawe_distribution_1988,
	title = {Distribution of small rodents and shrews in a lowland rain forest zone of {Nigeria}, with observations on their reproductive biology},
	volume = {26},
	issn = {1365-2028},
	url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1365-2028.1988.tb00970.x},
	doi = {10.1111/j.1365-2028.1988.tb00970.x},
	abstract = {This paper describes the habitat preferences of small rodents and shrews from April 1984 to March 1985 in four types of vegetation in a lowland rain forest zone of Nigeria. The vegetation types were high forest, scrub, farmlands and teak plantations in Ogba Forest Reserve, Nigeria. A collection of 359 small mammals, consisting of six species of small rodents and four species of shrews, was made in the study area. The small rodents and their percentage composition were Mus musculoides (26.2\%), Praomys tullbergi (16.2\%), Mastomys natalensis (7.0\%), Lophuromys sikapusi (4.5\%), Lemniscomys striatus (2.5\%), and Arvicanthis niloticus (1.1\%). The shrews were Crocidura nigeriae (19.5\%), C. crossei (12.3\%), C.grandiceps (7.8\%) and C. ftavescens manni (3.1\%). The vegetational distribution of the small rodents and shrews is discussed. In the high forest, seven species of small mammals were caught; these were Crocidura nigeriae, C. crossei, C.grandiceps, C.flavescens manni, Mus musculoides, Praomys tullbergi and Lophuromys sikapusi. Mus musculoides, Crocidura nigeriae and Praomys tullbergi were more abundant in the high forest. All the species of small mammals recorded in the study area, except Arvicanthis niloticus, were found in the scrub. In the farmlands, all ten species of small mammals were trapped. Mus musculoides was the commonest species in the farmlands. Three species of shrews, Crocidura crossei, C. grandiceps and C.flavescens manni, and also two species of small rodents, Mus musculoides and Mastomys natalensis were caught in the teak plantation. The reproductive data for Mus musculoides, Crocidura nigeriae and Praomys tullbergi show that breeding in these species occurs throughout most months of the year. Fecundity appears to be maximal in the wet season in Mus musculoides and Crocidura nigeriae and in the dry season in the case of Praomys tullbergi.},
	language = {en},
	number = {3},
	urldate = {2023-05-11},
	journal = {African Journal of Ecology},
	author = {Iyawe, J. G.},
	year = {1988},
	note = {\_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/j.1365-2028.1988.tb00970.x},
	pages = {189--195},
	file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/FYIIHFDX/Iyawe - 1988 - Distribution of small rodents and shrews in a lowl.pdf:application/pdf;Iyawe - 1988 - Distribution of small rodents and shrews in a lowl.pdf:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/48T2MUU9/Iyawe - 1988 - Distribution of small rodents and shrews in a lowl.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/david/Zotero/storage/UJBEPVWY/j.1365-2028.1988.tb00970.html:text/html},
}