Citation Generator - https://www.scribbr.com/citation/generator/

# IEEE style - IEEE Citation [check here](https://pitt.libguides.com/citationhelp/ieee)
The below examples are taken from [here](https://pitt.libguides.com/citationhelp/ieee)
Examples of citations for different materials:

Book in print

[1] D. Sarunyagate, Ed., Lasers. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1996.

Chapter in book

[2] G. O. Young, "Synthetic structure of industrial plastics," in Plastics, 2nd ed., vol. 3, J. Peters, Ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1964, pp. 15-64.

eBook

[3] L. Bass, P. Clements, and R. Kazman, Software Architecture in Practice, 2nd ed. Reading, MA: Addison Wesley, 2003. [E-book] Available: Safari e-book.

Journal article

[4] G. Liu, K. Y. Lee, and H. F. Jordan, "TDM and TWDM de Bruijn networks and shufflenets for optical communications," IEEE Trans. Comp., vol. 46, pp. 695-701, June 1997.

eJournal (from database)

[5] H. Ayasso and A. Mohammad-Djafari, "Joint NDT Image Restoration and Segmentation Using Gauss–Markov–Potts Prior Models and Variational Bayesian Computation," IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, vol. 19, no. 9, pp. 2265-77, 2010. [Online]. Available: IEEE Xplore, http://www.ieee.org. [Accessed Sept. 10, 2010]. 

eJournal (from internet)

[6] A. Altun, “Understanding hypertext in the context of reading on the web: Language learners’ experience,” Current Issues in Education, vol. 6, no. 12, July, 2005. [Online serial]. Available: http://cie.ed.asu.edu/volume6/number12/. [Accessed Dec. 2, 2007].

Conference paper

[7] L. Liu and H. Miao, "A specification based approach to testing polymorphic attributes," in Formal Methods and Software Engineering: Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Formal Engineering Methods, ICFEM 2004, Seattle, WA, USA, November 8-12, 2004, J. Davies, W. Schulte, M. Barnett, Eds. Berlin: Springer, 2004. pp. 306-19.

Conference proceedings

[8] T. J. van Weert and R. K. Munro, Eds., Informatics and the Digital Society: Social, ethical and cognitive issues: IFIP TC3/WG3.1&3.2 Open Conference on Social, Ethical and Cognitive Issues of Informatics and ICT, July 22-26, 2002, Dortmund, Germany. Boston: Kluwer Academic, 2003.

Newspaper article (from database)

[9] J. Riley, "Call for new look at skilled migrants," The Australian, p. 35, May 31, 2005. [Online]. Available: Factiva, http://global.factiva.com. [Accessed May 31, 2005].

Technical report

[10] K. E. Elliott and C.M. Greene, "A local adaptive protocol," Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, France, Tech. Rep. 916-1010-BB, 1997.

Patent

[11] J. P. Wilkinson, “Nonlinear resonant circuit devices,” U.S. Patent 3 624 125, Jul. 16, 1990.

Standard

[12] IEEE Criteria for Class IE Electric Systems, IEEE Standard 308, 1969.

Thesis/Dissertation

[1] J. O. Williams, “Narrow-band analyzer,” Ph.D. dissertation, Dept. Elect. Eng., Harvard Univ., Cambridge, MA, 1993.

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# APA Style

## Reference List Entry
**4 elements of a reference**: Author, (Date), Title, Source/Name of the journal

## In-Test Citations
- **2 elements for Paraphrased Material**: (Author, Date) e.g., (Som, 2024)
- **3 elements for Direct Quotes**: (Author, Date, Source Locator) e.g., (Som, 2024, para 9)

By referencing Author and Date from 'In-Test citation' it is easy to reference the title and source in the Reference list. 

## Paraphrased Material

## Parenthetical Citation
An effective time management strategy for new students using mobile phones (Som, 2024).

## Narrative Citation
As **Som (2024)** explains, an effective time management strategy using mobile phones.

## Direct Quote

## Parenthetical Citation
An effective time management strategy for new students using mobile phones (Som, 2024, para 9).

## Narrative Citation
As **Som (2024)** explains, an effective time management strategy using mobile phones (para 9).