Science Score: 64.0%
This score indicates how likely this project is to be science-related based on various indicators:
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✓CITATION.cff file
Found CITATION.cff file -
✓codemeta.json file
Found codemeta.json file -
✓.zenodo.json file
Found .zenodo.json file -
○DOI references
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✓Academic publication links
Links to: zenodo.org -
✓Committers with academic emails
2 of 12 committers (16.7%) from academic institutions -
○Institutional organization owner
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○JOSS paper metadata
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○Scientific vocabulary similarity
Low similarity (11.2%) to scientific vocabulary
Keywords
Keywords from Contributors
Repository
Geometric Algebra for Python
Basic Info
- Host: GitHub
- Owner: pygae
- License: bsd-3-clause
- Language: Python
- Default Branch: master
- Homepage: http://clifford.rtfd.io
- Size: 2.55 MB
Statistics
- Stars: 826
- Watchers: 22
- Forks: 77
- Open Issues: 89
- Releases: 16
Topics
Metadata Files
README.md
clifford: Geometric Algebra for Python
clifford is a numerical Geometric Algebra (a.k.a. Clifford algebra) package for python.
- Documentation: http://clifford.readthedocs.org
- Source code: https://github.com/pygae/clifford
- Bug reports: https://github.com/pygae/clifford/issues
Geometric Algebra (GA) is a universal algebra which among several other independent mathematical systems, subsumes: * Complex numbers * Quaternions * Linear algebra
Scalars, vectors, and higher-grade entities can be mixed freely and consistently in the form of mixed-grade multivectors. Like this,

Quick Installation
Requires Python version >=3.5
Install using conda:
conda install clifford -c conda-forge
Install using pip:
pip3 install clifford
Detailed instructions
Quickstart
Try out a notebook in binder
Or have a go on your own pc:
python
from clifford.g3 import * # import GA for 3D space
from math import e, pi
a = e1 + 2*e2 + 3*e3 # vector
R = e**(pi/4*e12) # rotor
R*a*~R # rotate the vector
Syntax Summary
| Syntax | Operation | |:-:|:-:| | | | Symmetric inner product | | << | Left contraction | | ^ | Outer product | | * | Geometric product | | X(i) | Return the section of the multivector X of grade i | | X(ei) | Return the section of the multivector X for which ei is the pseudo scalar | | X[i] | Return the i'th coefficient from the multivector X | X.normal() | Return the normalised multivector so that X*~X is +- 1 |
For installation instructions, api documention, and tutorials, head over to our documentation!
Citing This Library
For citation information, see our CITATION.md file.
Owner
- Name: pygae
- Login: pygae
- Kind: organization
- Repositories: 7
- Profile: https://github.com/pygae
Pythonic Geometric Algebra Enthusiasts
Citation (CITATION.md)
Citing This Library
-------------------
As linked at the top of this page, `clifford` is published to zenodo.
DOI [10.5281/zenodo.1453978](https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1453978) refers to all versions of clifford.
To obtain BibTex citation information for a _specific_ release (recommended):
* Run `python -m pip show clifford` to determine which version you are using (or print `clifford.__version__` from python)
* Click on the corresponding version from [this list of versions](https://zenodo.org/search?page=1&size=20&q=conceptrecid:1453978&sort=-version&all_versions=True)
* Scroll down to the bottom of the page, and click the "BibTex" link in the "Export" sidebar
If you want to cite all releases, use:
```BibTeX
@software{python_clifford,
author = {Hugo Hadfield and
Eric Wieser and
Alex Arsenovic and
Robert Kern and
{The Pygae Team}},
title = {pygae/clifford},
publisher = {Zenodo},
doi = {10.5281/zenodo.1453978},
url = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1453978}
}
```
GitHub Events
Total
- Issues event: 3
- Watch event: 55
- Issue comment event: 25
- Push event: 6
- Pull request review comment event: 6
- Pull request review event: 9
- Pull request event: 15
- Fork event: 7
Last Year
- Issues event: 3
- Watch event: 55
- Issue comment event: 25
- Push event: 6
- Pull request review comment event: 6
- Pull request review event: 9
- Pull request event: 15
- Fork event: 7
Committers
Last synced: over 2 years ago
Top Committers
| Name | Commits | |
|---|---|---|
| Hugo Hadfield | h****o@g****m | 347 |
| Eric Wieser | w****c@g****m | 317 |
| Alex Arsenovic | a****c@g****m | 148 |
| Jacopo Antonello | j****o@d****k | 12 |
| Robert Kern | r****n@g****m | 5 |
| sushachawal | s****3@c****k | 4 |
| follower | f****r@r****m | 1 |
| Ted Corcovilos | c****d@g****m | 1 |
| Don Hatch | d****h@g****m | 1 |
| Michael Boyle | m****e@g****m | 1 |
| Pavlo O. Melnyk | 3****k | 1 |
| Dan Rose | r****u | 1 |
Committer Domains (Top 20 + Academic)
Issues and Pull Requests
Last synced: 6 months ago
All Time
- Total issues: 49
- Total pull requests: 74
- Average time to close issues: 5 months
- Average time to close pull requests: about 2 months
- Total issue authors: 20
- Total pull request authors: 11
- Average comments per issue: 2.47
- Average comments per pull request: 2.3
- Merged pull requests: 62
- Bot issues: 0
- Bot pull requests: 0
Past Year
- Issues: 3
- Pull requests: 12
- Average time to close issues: N/A
- Average time to close pull requests: about 1 month
- Issue authors: 2
- Pull request authors: 3
- Average comments per issue: 3.67
- Average comments per pull request: 1.5
- Merged pull requests: 8
- Bot issues: 0
- Bot pull requests: 0
Top Authors
Issue Authors
- eric-wieser (15)
- arsenovic (6)
- hugohadfield (5)
- esc (4)
- kaluzaklein (3)
- tBuLi (2)
- davibarreira (1)
- donhatch (1)
- rmcgibbo (1)
- keatsandyeats (1)
- kosibakonrad (1)
- nyle12345 (1)
- corcoted (1)
- joha2 (1)
- juzun (1)
Pull Request Authors
- eric-wieser (39)
- hugohadfield (15)
- trundev (10)
- fchapoton (6)
- arsenovic (2)
- kliment (2)
- tBuLi (2)
- zevisert (2)
- pavlo-melnyk (1)
- corcoted (1)
- follower (1)
Top Labels
Issue Labels
Pull Request Labels
Packages
- Total packages: 2
-
Total downloads:
- pypi 1,796 last-month
- Total docker downloads: 19
-
Total dependent packages: 0
(may contain duplicates) -
Total dependent repositories: 3
(may contain duplicates) - Total versions: 32
- Total maintainers: 2
pypi.org: clifford
Numerical Geometric Algebra Module
- Homepage: http://clifford.readthedocs.io
- Documentation: https://clifford.readthedocs.io/
- License: bsd
-
Latest release: 1.4.0
published over 4 years ago
Rankings
Maintainers (2)
conda-forge.org: clifford
This module implements Geometric Algebras (a.k.a. Clifford algebras). Geometric Algebra (GA) is a universal algebra which subsumes complex algebra, quaternions, linear algebra and several other independent mathematical systems. Scalars, vectors, and higher-grade entities can be mixed freely and consistently in the form of mixed-grade multivectors.
- Homepage: http://clifford.readthedocs.io
- License: BSD-3-Clause
-
Latest release: 1.4.0
published over 4 years ago
Rankings
Dependencies
- ipykernel *
- ipywidgets *
- nbsphinx *
- pandas *
- pygments >=2.4.1
- sphinx >=4.0.0,<4.1.0
- sphinx_rtd_theme >=0.5.0
- sphinxcontrib-bibtex >=2.3.0
- ipython *
- matplotlib *
- mpl_toolkits.clifford >=0.0.3
- pyganja *
- h5py *
- numba *
- numpy *
- scipy *
- sparse *
- actions/checkout v4 composite
- actions/setup-python v5 composite
- actions/upload-artifact v4 composite
- codecov/codecov-action v5 composite
- conda-incubator/setup-miniconda v3 composite
- pypa/gh-action-pypi-publish release/v1 composite
- rbialon/flake8-annotations v1 composite