CXRMate: Leveraging Longitudinal Data and a Semantic Similarity Reward for Chest X-Ray Report Generation

Paper: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.imu.2024.101585, arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2307.09758 @article{NICOLSON2024101585, title = {Longitudinal data and a semantic similarity reward for chest X-ray report generation}, journal = {Informatics in Medicine Unlocked}, volume = {50}, pages = {101585}, year = {2024}, issn = {2352-9148}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.imu.2024.101585}, url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352914824001424}, author = {Aaron Nicolson and Jason Dowling and Douglas Anderson and Bevan Koopman}, }

CXRMate is a longitudinal, multi-image CXR report generation encoder-to-decoder model that conditions the report generation process on the report from the previous patient's study if available. The CXRMate checkpoint trained on MIMIC-CXR is available on the Hugging Face Hub: https://huggingface.co/aehrc/cxrmate.

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CXRMate: a longitudinal, multi-image CXR report generator trained with reinforcement learning using the CXR-BERT cosine similarity reward. The findings and impression sections from the reports of the current and previous studies are differentiated by section embeddings and separator tokens. The prompt is the report of the previous study. The decoder is prompted by the report of the previous study. [PMT], [PMT-SEP] [BOS], [SEP], and [EOS] denote the prompt, prompt separator, beginning-of-sentence, separator, and end-of-sentence special tokens, respectively.

Generated reports:

Generated reports for the single-image, multi-image, and longitudinal, multi-image CXR generators (both prompted with the radiologist and the generated reports) are located in the generated_reports directory.

Hugging Face models:

• Longitudinal, multi-image CXR report generation with SCST & CXR-BERT reward and generated previous reports: https://huggingface.co/aehrc/cxrmate

• Longitudinal, multi-image CXR report generation with SCST & CXR-BERT reward and radiologist previous reports: https://huggingface.co/aehrc/cxrmate-tf

• Longitudinal, multi-image CXR report generation with TF: https://huggingface.co/aehrc/cxrmate-tf

• Multi-image CXR report generation with TF: https://huggingface.co/aehrc/cxrmate-multi-tf

• Single-image CXR report generation with TF: https://huggingface.co/aehrc/cxrmate-single-tf

SCST: Self-Critical Sequence Training, TF: Teacher Forcing

Notebook examples:

Notebook examples for the models can be found in the examples directory.

Dataset:

• The MIMIC-CXR-JPG dataset is available at: https://physionet.org/content/mimic-cxr-jpg/2.0.0/

Installation:

After cloning the repository, install the required packages in a virtual environment. The required packages are located in requirements.txt: shell script python -m venv --system-site-packages venv source venv/bin/activate python -m pip install --upgrade pip python -m pip install --upgrade -r requirements.txt --no-cache-dir

Test the Hugging Face checkpoints:

The model configurations for each task can be found in its config directory, e.g. config/test_huggingface_longitudinal_gen_prompt_cxr-bert.yaml. To run testing:

shell dlhpcstarter -t cxrmate_hf -c config/test_huggingface/longitudinal_gen_prompt_cxr-bert.yaml --stages_module tools.stages --test

See dlhpcstarter==0.1.4 for more options.

Note: - Data will be saved in the experiment directory (exp_dir in the configuration file). - See https://github.com/MIT-LCP/mimic-cxr/tree/master/txt to extract the sections from the reports.

Training:

To train with teacher forcing:

dlhpcstarter -t cxrmate -c config/train/longitudinal_gt_prompt_tf.yaml --stages_module tools.stages --train

The model can then be tested with the --test flag:

dlhpcstarter -t cxrmate -c config/train/longitudinal_gt_prompt_tf.yaml --stages_module tools.stages --test

To then train with Self-Critical Sequence Training (SCST) with the CXR-BERT reward:

1. Copy the path to the checkpoint from the exp_dir for the configuration above, then paste it in the configuration for SCST as warm_start_ckpt_path, then:
2. dlhpcstarter -t mimic_cxr -c config/train/longitudinal_gen_prompt_cxr-bert.yaml --stages_module tools.stages --train

Note: - See dlhpcstarter==0.1.4 for more options. - See https://github.com/MIT-LCP/mimic-cxr/tree/master/txt to extract the sections from the reports.

Help/Issues:

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