tidyLPA

tidyLPA: An R Package to Easily Carry Out Latent Profile Analysis (LPA) Using Open-Source or Commercial Software - Published in JOSS (2018)

https://github.com/data-edu/tidyLPA

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Easily carry out Latent Profile Analysis (LPA) using open-source or commercial software

README.Rmd

---
output: github_document
---



```{r, echo = FALSE}
knitr::opts_chunk$set(
  collapse = TRUE,
  comment = "#>",
  fig.path = "man/figures/README-"
)
```

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## Background

Latent Profile Analysis (LPA) is a statistical modeling approach for estimating distinct profiles, or groups, of variables. In the social sciences and in educational research, these profiles could represent, for example, how different youth experience dimensions of being engaged (i.e., cognitively, behaviorally, and affectively) at the same time. 

tidyLPA provides the functionality to carry out LPA in R. In particular, tidyLPA provides functionality to specify different models that determine whether and how different parameters (i.e., means, variances, and covariances) are estimated and to specify (and compare solutions for) the number of profiles to estimate. The package is designed and documented to be easy to use, especially for beginners to LPA, but with fine-grained options available for estimating models and evaluating specific output as part of more complex analyses.

## Installation

You can install tidyLPA from CRAN with:

```{r, eval = F}
install.packages("tidyLPA")
```

You can also install the development version of tidyLPA from GitHub with:

```{r gh-installation, eval = FALSE}
install.packages("devtools")
devtools::install_github("data-edu/tidyLPA")
```

## Examples

### Mclust

Here is a brief example using the built-in `pisaUSA15` data set and variables for broad interest, enjoyment, and self-efficacy. Note that we first type the name of the data frame, followed by the unquoted names of the variables used to create the profiles. We also specify the number of profiles and the model. See `?estimate_profiles` for more details.

In these examples, we pass the results of one function to the next by *piping* (using the `%>%` operator, loaded from the `dplyr` package). We pass the data to a function that selects relevant variables, and then to `estimate_profiles`:

```{r, message = F}
library(tidyLPA)
library(dplyr)
```

```{r}
pisaUSA15[1:100, ] %>%
  select(broad_interest, enjoyment, self_efficacy) %>%
  single_imputation() %>%
  estimate_profiles(3)
```

A simple summary of the analysis is printed to the console (and its posterior probability). 

The resulting object can be further passed down a pipeline to other functions, such as:

- `plot_profiles()`
- `compare_solutions()`
- `get_data()`
- `get_fit()`

This is the "tidy" part, in that the function can be embedded in a tidy analysis pipeline.

### Mplus

We can use MPlus simply by changing the package argument for `estimate_profiles()` to `"MplusAutomation"` (please note that _MPlus must be installed on your computer for this functionality to work_):

```{r, eval = FALSE}
pisaUSA15[1:100, ] %>%
  select(broad_interest, enjoyment, self_efficacy) %>%
  single_imputation() %>%
  estimate_profiles(3, package = "MplusAutomation")
```

# Learning More

To learn more, we highly recommend the following:

* Browse the tidyLPA [website](https://data-edu.github.io/tidyLPA/) (especially check out the Reference page to see more about other functions)
* *Read the Introduction to tidyLPA* [vignette](https://data-edu.github.io/tidyLPA/articles/Introduction_to_tidyLPA.html), which has much more information on the models that can be specified with tidyLPA and on additional functionality

## Citing tidyLPA

> Rosenberg, J. M., Beymer, P. N., Anderson, D. J., Van Lissa, C. J., & Schmidt, J. A. (2018). tidyLPA: An R Package to Easily Carry Out Latent Profile Analysis (LPA) Using Open-Source or Commercial Software. *Journal of Open Source Software, 3*(30), 978, https://doi.org/10.21105/joss.00978

## Contributing and Contact Information

One of the easiest but also most important ways to contribute is to post a question or to provide feedback. Both positive *and* negative feedback is welcome and helpful. You can get in touch by:

* Sending a message via [tidylpa@googlegroups.com](mailto:tidylpa@googlegroups.com) or view the [the tidyLPA group page](https://groups.google.com/forum/#!forum/tidylpa)

* Filing an issue on GitHub [here](https://github.com/data-edu/tidyLPA)

Contributions are also welcome via by making pull requests (PR), e.g. through [this page on GitHub](https://github.com/data-edu/tidyLPA/pulls). 

It may be easier if you first file an issue outlining what you will do in the PR. You can also reach out via the methods described above.

## Contributor Code of Conduct

Please note that this project is released with a [Contributor Code of Conduct](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s41686-019-00030-5). By participating in this project you agree to abide by its terms.

## Acknowledgments

This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under *Grant No.: DRL#1661064*. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not reflect the views of the National Science Foundation.

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