psutil

Cross-platform lib for process and system monitoring in Python

https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil

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Cross-platform lib for process and system monitoring in Python

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Summary
=======

psutil (process and system utilities) is a cross-platform library for
retrieving information on **running processes** and **system utilization**
(CPU, memory, disks, network, sensors) in Python.
It is useful mainly for **system monitoring**, **profiling and limiting process
resources** and **management of running processes**.
It implements many functionalities offered by classic UNIX command line tools
such as *ps, top, iotop, lsof, netstat, ifconfig, free* and others.
psutil currently supports the following platforms:

- **Linux**
- **Windows**
- **macOS**
- **FreeBSD, OpenBSD**, **NetBSD**
- **Sun Solaris**
- **AIX**

Supported Python versions are cPython 3.6+ and `PyPy `__.
Latest psutil version supporting Python 2.7 is
`psutil 6.1.1 `__.

Funding
=======

While psutil is free software and will always be, the project would benefit
immensely from some funding.
Keeping up with bug reports and maintenance has become hardly sustainable for
me alone in terms of time.
If you're a company that's making significant use of psutil you can consider
becoming a sponsor via `GitHub Sponsors `__,
`Open Collective `__ or
`PayPal `__
and have your logo displayed in here and psutil `doc `__.

Sponsors
========

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Contributing
============

See `contributing guidelines `__.

Example usages
==============

This represents pretty much the whole psutil API.

CPU
---

.. code-block:: python

    >>> import psutil
    >>>
    >>> psutil.cpu_times()
    scputimes(user=3961.46, nice=169.729, system=2150.659, idle=16900.540, iowait=629.59, irq=0.0, softirq=19.42, steal=0.0, guest=0, guest_nice=0.0)
    >>>
    >>> for x in range(3):
    ...     psutil.cpu_percent(interval=1)
    ...
    4.0
    5.9
    3.8
    >>>
    >>> for x in range(3):
    ...     psutil.cpu_percent(interval=1, percpu=True)
    ...
    [4.0, 6.9, 3.7, 9.2]
    [7.0, 8.5, 2.4, 2.1]
    [1.2, 9.0, 9.9, 7.2]
    >>>
    >>> for x in range(3):
    ...     psutil.cpu_times_percent(interval=1, percpu=False)
    ...
    scputimes(user=1.5, nice=0.0, system=0.5, idle=96.5, iowait=1.5, irq=0.0, softirq=0.0, steal=0.0, guest=0.0, guest_nice=0.0)
    scputimes(user=1.0, nice=0.0, system=0.0, idle=99.0, iowait=0.0, irq=0.0, softirq=0.0, steal=0.0, guest=0.0, guest_nice=0.0)
    scputimes(user=2.0, nice=0.0, system=0.0, idle=98.0, iowait=0.0, irq=0.0, softirq=0.0, steal=0.0, guest=0.0, guest_nice=0.0)
    >>>
    >>> psutil.cpu_count()
    4
    >>> psutil.cpu_count(logical=False)
    2
    >>>
    >>> psutil.cpu_stats()
    scpustats(ctx_switches=20455687, interrupts=6598984, soft_interrupts=2134212, syscalls=0)
    >>>
    >>> psutil.cpu_freq()
    scpufreq(current=931.42925, min=800.0, max=3500.0)
    >>>
    >>> psutil.getloadavg()  # also on Windows (emulated)
    (3.14, 3.89, 4.67)

Memory
------

.. code-block:: python

    >>> psutil.virtual_memory()
    svmem(total=10367352832, available=6472179712, percent=37.6, used=8186245120, free=2181107712, active=4748992512, inactive=2758115328, buffers=790724608, cached=3500347392, shared=787554304)
    >>> psutil.swap_memory()
    sswap(total=2097147904, used=296128512, free=1801019392, percent=14.1, sin=304193536, sout=677842944)
    >>>

Disks
-----

.. code-block:: python

    >>> psutil.disk_partitions()
    [sdiskpart(device='/dev/sda1', mountpoint='/', fstype='ext4', opts='rw,nosuid'),
     sdiskpart(device='/dev/sda2', mountpoint='/home', fstype='ext', opts='rw')]
    >>>
    >>> psutil.disk_usage('/')
    sdiskusage(total=21378641920, used=4809781248, free=15482871808, percent=22.5)
    >>>
    >>> psutil.disk_io_counters(perdisk=False)
    sdiskio(read_count=719566, write_count=1082197, read_bytes=18626220032, write_bytes=24081764352, read_time=5023392, write_time=63199568, read_merged_count=619166, write_merged_count=812396, busy_time=4523412)
    >>>

Network
-------

.. code-block:: python

    >>> psutil.net_io_counters(pernic=True)
    {'eth0': netio(bytes_sent=485291293, bytes_recv=6004858642, packets_sent=3251564, packets_recv=4787798, errin=0, errout=0, dropin=0, dropout=0),
     'lo': netio(bytes_sent=2838627, bytes_recv=2838627, packets_sent=30567, packets_recv=30567, errin=0, errout=0, dropin=0, dropout=0)}
    >>>
    >>> psutil.net_connections(kind='tcp')
    [sconn(fd=115, family=, type=, laddr=addr(ip='10.0.0.1', port=48776), raddr=addr(ip='93.186.135.91', port=80), status='ESTABLISHED', pid=1254),
     sconn(fd=117, family=, type=, laddr=addr(ip='10.0.0.1', port=43761), raddr=addr(ip='72.14.234.100', port=80), status='CLOSING', pid=2987),
     ...]
    >>>
    >>> psutil.net_if_addrs()
    {'lo': [snicaddr(family=, address='127.0.0.1', netmask='255.0.0.0', broadcast='127.0.0.1', ptp=None),
            snicaddr(family=, address='::1', netmask='ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff', broadcast=None, ptp=None),
            snicaddr(family=, address='00:00:00:00:00:00', netmask=None, broadcast='00:00:00:00:00:00', ptp=None)],
     'wlan0': [snicaddr(family=, address='192.168.1.3', netmask='255.255.255.0', broadcast='192.168.1.255', ptp=None),
               snicaddr(family=, address='fe80::c685:8ff:fe45:641%wlan0', netmask='ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff::', broadcast=None, ptp=None),
               snicaddr(family=, address='c4:85:08:45:06:41', netmask=None, broadcast='ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff', ptp=None)]}
    >>>
    >>> psutil.net_if_stats()
    {'lo': snicstats(isup=True, duplex=, speed=0, mtu=65536, flags='up,loopback,running'),
     'wlan0': snicstats(isup=True, duplex=, speed=100, mtu=1500, flags='up,broadcast,running,multicast')}
    >>>

Sensors
-------

.. code-block:: python

    >>> import psutil
    >>> psutil.sensors_temperatures()
    {'acpitz': [shwtemp(label='', current=47.0, high=103.0, critical=103.0)],
     'asus': [shwtemp(label='', current=47.0, high=None, critical=None)],
     'coretemp': [shwtemp(label='Physical id 0', current=52.0, high=100.0, critical=100.0),
                  shwtemp(label='Core 0', current=45.0, high=100.0, critical=100.0)]}
    >>>
    >>> psutil.sensors_fans()
    {'asus': [sfan(label='cpu_fan', current=3200)]}
    >>>
    >>> psutil.sensors_battery()
    sbattery(percent=93, secsleft=16628, power_plugged=False)
    >>>

Other system info
-----------------

.. code-block:: python

    >>> import psutil
    >>> psutil.users()
    [suser(name='giampaolo', terminal='pts/2', host='localhost', started=1340737536.0, pid=1352),
     suser(name='giampaolo', terminal='pts/3', host='localhost', started=1340737792.0, pid=1788)]
    >>>
    >>> psutil.boot_time()
    1365519115.0
    >>>

Process management
------------------

.. code-block:: python

    >>> import psutil
    >>> psutil.pids()
    [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 46, 48, 50, 51, 178, 182, 222, 223, 224, 268, 1215,
     1216, 1220, 1221, 1243, 1244, 1301, 1601, 2237, 2355, 2637, 2774, 3932,
     4176, 4177, 4185, 4187, 4189, 4225, 4243, 4245, 4263, 4282, 4306, 4311,
     4312, 4313, 4314, 4337, 4339, 4357, 4358, 4363, 4383, 4395, 4408, 4433,
     4443, 4445, 4446, 5167, 5234, 5235, 5252, 5318, 5424, 5644, 6987, 7054,
     7055, 7071]
    >>>
    >>> p = psutil.Process(7055)
    >>> p
    psutil.Process(pid=7055, name='python3', status='running', started='09:04:44')
    >>> p.pid
    7055
    >>> p.name()
    'python3'
    >>> p.exe()
    '/usr/bin/python3'
    >>> p.cwd()
    '/home/giampaolo'
    >>> p.cmdline()
    ['/usr/bin/python3', 'main.py']
    >>>
    >>> p.ppid()
    7054
    >>> p.parent()
    psutil.Process(pid=4699, name='bash', status='sleeping', started='09:06:44')
    >>> p.parents()
    [psutil.Process(pid=4699, name='bash', started='09:06:44'),
     psutil.Process(pid=4689, name='gnome-terminal-server', status='sleeping', started='0:06:44'),
     psutil.Process(pid=1, name='systemd', status='sleeping', started='05:56:55')]
    >>> p.children(recursive=True)
    [psutil.Process(pid=29835, name='python3', status='sleeping', started='11:45:38'),
     psutil.Process(pid=29836, name='python3', status='waking', started='11:43:39')]
    >>>
    >>> p.status()
    'running'
    >>> p.create_time()
    1267551141.5019531
    >>> p.terminal()
    '/dev/pts/0'
    >>>
    >>> p.username()
    'giampaolo'
    >>> p.uids()
    puids(real=1000, effective=1000, saved=1000)
    >>> p.gids()
    pgids(real=1000, effective=1000, saved=1000)
    >>>
    >>> p.cpu_times()
    pcputimes(user=1.02, system=0.31, children_user=0.32, children_system=0.1, iowait=0.0)
    >>> p.cpu_percent(interval=1.0)
    12.1
    >>> p.cpu_affinity()
    [0, 1, 2, 3]
    >>> p.cpu_affinity([0, 1])  # set
    >>> p.cpu_num()
    1
    >>>
    >>> p.memory_info()
    pmem(rss=10915840, vms=67608576, shared=3313664, text=2310144, lib=0, data=7262208, dirty=0)
    >>> p.memory_full_info()  # "real" USS memory usage (Linux, macOS, Win only)
    pfullmem(rss=10199040, vms=52133888, shared=3887104, text=2867200, lib=0, data=5967872, dirty=0, uss=6545408, pss=6872064, swap=0)
    >>> p.memory_percent()
    0.7823
    >>> p.memory_maps()
    [pmmap_grouped(path='/lib/x8664-linux-gnu/libutil-2.15.so', rss=32768, size=2125824, pss=32768, shared_clean=0, shared_dirty=0, private_clean=20480, private_dirty=12288, referenced=32768, anonymous=12288, swap=0),
     pmmap_grouped(path='/lib/x8664-linux-gnu/libc-2.15.so', rss=3821568, size=3842048, pss=3821568, shared_clean=0, shared_dirty=0, private_clean=0, private_dirty=3821568, referenced=3575808, anonymous=3821568, swap=0),
     pmmap_grouped(path='[heap]',  rss=32768, size=139264, pss=32768, shared_clean=0, shared_dirty=0, private_clean=0, private_dirty=32768, referenced=32768, anonymous=32768, swap=0),
     pmmap_grouped(path='[stack]', rss=2465792, size=2494464, pss=2465792, shared_clean=0, shared_dirty=0, private_clean=0, private_dirty=2465792, referenced=2277376, anonymous=2465792, swap=0),
     ...]
    >>>
    >>> p.io_counters()
    pio(read_count=478001, write_count=59371, read_bytes=700416, write_bytes=69632, read_chars=456232, write_chars=517543)
    >>>
    >>> p.open_files()
    [popenfile(path='/home/giampaolo/monit.py', fd=3, position=0, mode='r', flags=32768),
     popenfile(path='/var/log/monit.log', fd=4, position=235542, mode='a', flags=33793)]
    >>>
    >>> p.net_connections(kind='tcp')
    [pconn(fd=115, family=, type=, laddr=addr(ip='10.0.0.1', port=48776), raddr=addr(ip='93.186.135.91', port=80), status='ESTABLISHED'),
     pconn(fd=117, family=, type=, laddr=addr(ip='10.0.0.1', port=43761), raddr=addr(ip='72.14.234.100', port=80), status='CLOSING')]
    >>>
    >>> p.threads()
    [pthread(id=5234, user_time=22.5, system_time=9.2891),
     pthread(id=5237, user_time=0.0707, system_time=1.1)]
    >>>
    >>> p.num_threads()
    4
    >>> p.num_fds()
    8
    >>> p.num_ctx_switches()
    pctxsw(voluntary=78, involuntary=19)
    >>>
    >>> p.nice()
    0
    >>> p.nice(10)  # set
    >>>
    >>> p.ionice(psutil.IOPRIO_CLASS_IDLE)  # IO priority (Win and Linux only)
    >>> p.ionice()
    pionice(ioclass=, value=0)
    >>>
    >>> p.rlimit(psutil.RLIMIT_NOFILE, (5, 5))  # set resource limits (Linux only)
    >>> p.rlimit(psutil.RLIMIT_NOFILE)
    (5, 5)
    >>>
    >>> p.environ()
    {'LC_PAPER': 'it_IT.UTF-8', 'SHELL': '/bin/bash', 'GREP_OPTIONS': '--color=auto',
    'XDG_CONFIG_DIRS': '/etc/xdg/xdg-ubuntu:/usr/share/upstart/xdg:/etc/xdg',
     ...}
    >>>
    >>> p.as_dict()
    {'status': 'running', 'num_ctx_switches': pctxsw(voluntary=63, involuntary=1), 'pid': 5457, ...}
    >>> p.is_running()
    True
    >>> p.suspend()
    >>> p.resume()
    >>>
    >>> p.terminate()
    >>> p.kill()
    >>> p.wait(timeout=3)
    
    >>>
    >>> psutil.test()
    USER         PID %CPU %MEM     VSZ     RSS TTY        START    TIME  COMMAND
    root           1  0.0  0.0   24584    2240            Jun17   00:00  init
    root           2  0.0  0.0       0       0            Jun17   00:00  kthreadd
    ...
    giampaolo  31475  0.0  0.0   20760    3024 /dev/pts/0 Jun19   00:00  python2.4
    giampaolo  31721  0.0  2.2  773060  181896            00:04   10:30  chrome
    root       31763  0.0  0.0       0       0            00:05   00:00  kworker/0:1
    >>>

Further process APIs
--------------------

.. code-block:: python

    >>> import psutil
    >>> for proc in psutil.process_iter(['pid', 'name']):
    ...     print(proc.info)
    ...
    {'pid': 1, 'name': 'systemd'}
    {'pid': 2, 'name': 'kthreadd'}
    {'pid': 3, 'name': 'ksoftirqd/0'}
    ...
    >>>
    >>> psutil.pid_exists(3)
    True
    >>>
    >>> def on_terminate(proc):
    ...     print("process {} terminated".format(proc))
    ...
    >>> # waits for multiple processes to terminate
    >>> gone, alive = psutil.wait_procs(procs_list, timeout=3, callback=on_terminate)
    >>>

Windows services
----------------

.. code-block:: python

    >>> list(psutil.win_service_iter())
    [,
     ,
     ,
     ,
     ...]
    >>> s = psutil.win_service_get('alg')
    >>> s.as_dict()
    {'binpath': 'C:\\Windows\\System32\\alg.exe',
     'description': 'Provides support for 3rd party protocol plug-ins for Internet Connection Sharing',
     'display_name': 'Application Layer Gateway Service',
     'name': 'alg',
     'pid': None,
     'start_type': 'manual',
     'status': 'stopped',
     'username': 'NT AUTHORITY\\LocalService'}

Projects using psutil
=====================

Here's some I find particularly interesting:

- https://github.com/google/grr
- https://github.com/facebook/osquery/
- https://github.com/nicolargo/glances
- https://github.com/aristocratos/bpytop
- https://github.com/Jahaja/psdash
- https://github.com/ajenti/ajenti
- https://github.com/home-assistant/home-assistant/

Portings
========

- Go: https://github.com/shirou/gopsutil
- C: https://github.com/hamon-in/cpslib
- Rust: https://github.com/rust-psutil/rust-psutil
- Nim: https://github.com/johnscillieri/psutil-nim

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